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He took birth in the womb of Vaidarbhī from the seed of Lord Kṛṣṇa and received the name Pradyumna. In no respect was He inferior to His father.
Содержание книги
- O brāhmaṇa, is your King attending to your welfare? Indeed, that king in whose country the citizens are happy and protected is very dear to Me.
- Whence have you come, crossing the impassable sea, and for what purpose? Explain all this to Us if it is not a secret, and tell Us what We may do for you.
- Outstanding in his knowledge of regulative principles, the King rewarded the brāhmaṇas with gold, silver, clothing, cows and sesame seeds mixed with raw sugar.
- Rājā Damaghoṣa, lord of Cedi, had also engaged brāhmaṇas expert in chanting mantras to perform all rituals necessary to assure his son’s prosperity.
- Perhaps the faultless Lord, even while preparing to come here, saw something contemptible in me and therefore has not come to take my hand.
- As she thought in this way, the young maiden, whose mind had been stolen by Kṛṣṇa, closed her tear-filled eyes, remembering that there was still time.
- O King, as the bride thus awaited the arrival of Govinda, she felt a twitch in her left thigh, arm and eye. This was a sign that something desirable would happen.
- The brāhmaṇa announced to her the arrival of Lord Yadunandana and relayed the Lord’s promise to marry her.
- May Acyuta, the creator of the three worlds, be satisfied with whatever pious work we may have done and show His mercy by taking the hand of Vaidarbhī.
- Bound by their swelling love, the city’s residents spoke in this way. Then the bride, protected by guards, left the inner palace to visit the temple of Ambikā.
- The ladies gave the bride the remnants of the offerings and then blessed her. She in turn bowed down to them and the deity and accepted the remnants as prasādam.
- The princess then gave up her vow of silence and left the Ambikā temple, holding on to a maidservant with her hand, which was adorned with a jeweled ring.
- Marriage of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī
- The commanders of the Yādava army, seeing the enemy racing to attack, turned to face them and stood firm, O King, twanging their bows.
- The heads of soldiers fighting on chariots, horses and elephants fell to the ground by the millions; some heads wore earrings and helmets, others turbans.
- Just as a puppet in the form of a woman dances by the desire of the puppeteer, so this world, controlled by the Supreme Lord, struggles in both happiness and misery.
- Now our enemies have conquered because time favors them, but in the future, when time is auspicious for us, we shall conquer.
- Although hit by these many arrows, Lord Acyuta again broke Rukmī’s bow. Rukmī picked up yet another bow, but the infallible Lord broke that one to pieces as well.
- Iron bludgeon, three-pointed spear, sword and shield, pike, javelin—whatever weapon Rukmī picked up, Lord Hari smashed it to bits.
- The Supreme Lord’s Māyā makes men forget their real selves, and thus, taking the body for the self, they consider others to be friends, enemies or neutral parties.
- Those who are bewildered perceive the one Supreme Soul, who resides in all embodied beings, as many, just as one may perceive the light in the sky, or the sky itself, as many.
- Therefore, with transcendental knowledge dispel the grief that is weakening and confounding your mind. Please resume your natural mood, O princess of the pristine smile.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus enlightened by Lord Balarāma, slender Rukmiṇī forgot her depression and steadied her mind by spiritual intelligence.
- At that time, O King, there was great rejoicing in all the homes of Yadupurī, whose citizens loved only Kṛṣṇa, chief of the Yadus.
- The kings and their daughters were totally astonished to hear the story of Rukmiṇī’s abduction, which was being glorified in song everywhere.
- He took birth in the womb of Vaidarbhī from the seed of Lord Kṛṣṇa and received the name Pradyumna. In no respect was He inferior to His father.
- A powerful fish swallowed Pradyumna, and this fish, along with others, was caught in a huge net and seized by fishermen.
- The fishermen presented that extraordinary fish to Śambara, who had his cooks bring it to the kitchen, where they began cutting it up with a butcher knife.
- After a short time, this son of Kṛṣṇa—Pradyumna—attained His full youth. He enchanted all women who gazed upon Him.
- Now kill this dreadful Śambara, Your formidable enemy. Although he knows hundreds of magic spells, You can defeat him with bewildering magic and other techniques.
- Pradyumna approached Śambara and called him to battle, hurling intolerable insults at him to foment a conflict.
- Drawing His sharp-edged sword, Pradyumna forcefully cut off Śambara’s head, complete with red mustache, helmet and earrings.
- Seeing Pradyumna, sweet-voiced, dark-eyed Rukmiṇī remembered her lost son, and her breasts became moist out of affection.
- Yes, He must be the same child I bore in my womb, since I feel great affection for Him and my left arm is quivering.
- Lord Savitā has come to see You, O Lord of the universe. He is blinding everyone’s eyes with his intensely effulgent rays.
- King Satrājit entered his opulent home, festively executing auspicious rituals. He had qualified brāhmaṇas install the Syamantaka jewel in the house’s temple room.
- Once Satrājit’s brother, Prasena, having hung the brilliant jewel about his neck, mounted a horse and went hunting in the forest.
- In the forest they found Prasena and his horse, both killed by the lion. Further on they found the lion dead on a mountainside, slain by Ṛkṣa [Jāmbavān].
- Unaware of His true position and thinking Him an ordinary man, Jāmbavān angrily began fighting with the Supreme Lord, his master.
- The fight went on without rest for twenty-eight days, the two opponents striking each other with their fists, which fell like the cracking blows of lightning.
- Thus addressed, Jāmbavān happily honored Lord Kṛṣṇa by offering Him his maiden daughter, Jāmbavatī, together with the jewel.
- When Devakī, Rukmiṇī-devī, Vasudeva and the Lord’s other relatives and friends heard that He had not come out of the cave, they all lamented.
- Hanging his head in great shame, Satrājit took the gem and returned home, all the while feeling remorse for his sinful behavior.
- Having thus intelligently made up his mind, King Satrājit personally arranged to present Lord Kṛṣṇa with his fair daughter and the Syamantaka jewel.
- As the women of Satrājit’s palace screamed and helplessly wept, Śatadhanvā took the jewel and left, like a butcher after he has killed some animals.
- When Satyabhāmā saw her dead father, she was plunged into grief. Lamenting “My father, my father! Oh, I am killed!” she fell unconscious.
- I wish to visit King Videha, who is most dear to Me.” O King, having said this, Lord Balarāma, the beloved descendant of Yadu, entered the city of Mithilā.
- Wherever his equally powerful son Akrūra stays, Lord Indra will provide sufficient rain. Indeed, that place will be free of miseries and untimely deaths.
- After the almighty Lord had shown the Syamantaka jewel to His relatives, thus dispelling the false accusations against Him, He returned it to Akrūra.
- Kṛṣṇa Marries Five Princesses
TRANSLATION
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Kāmadeva [Cupid], an expansion of Vāsudeva, had previously been burned to ashes by Rudra’s anger. Now, to obtain a new body, he merged back into the body of Lord Vāsudeva.
COMMENTARY
In this chapter, Pradyumna, the son of Rukmiṇī, is stolen by Śambara. Later Pradyumna kills him and returns with His wife. We should understand the sequence of events to be that Pradyumna was born prior to Kṛṣṇa’s marriages to Jāmbavatī and the other queens. Then the marriages took place, and after that Pradyumna returned home. In this context, however, while the birth of Pradyumna is being described all of His activities are also recounted, since they deserve being related.
It is seen that when the eternal associates of the Supreme Lord (svayaṁ bhagavān) appear in this world, by the Lord’s own desire they assume the reputations of the opulent potencies (vibhūtis) Kṛṣṇa contains within Himself, rather than appearing according to their own reputations. This is done so that the materialistic men do not raise doubts and in order to protect the confidential nature of bhakti. This is stated by Kṛṣṇa Himself to Uddhava in the Eleventh Canto: parokṣa-vādā ṛṣayaḥ parokṣam mama ca priyam, “The Vedic seers and mantras deal in esoteric terms, and I also am pleased by such confidential descriptions.” (SB 11.21.35)
In this way the Vasu named Droṇa (Kṛṣṇa’s vibhuti) was merged into Nanda and Droṇa’s wife Dharā merged into Yaśodā; the demigod named Vasu became Uddhava; Indra became Arjuna; Yamarāja became Vidura and Kārtikeya became Sāmba. Even the Supreme Lord Himself appears through the celebrity of His plenary portions (aṁśas), which actually merge within Him when He appears. For example, sometimes the Lord of Vaikuṇṭha comes and takes birth in the home of Vasudeva, and sometimes it is Lord Vāmana, or sometimes Ṛsi Nārāyaṇa or Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu.
In this way Pradyumna, who is the third member of Kṛṣṇa’s eternal fourfold plenary expansion, the catur-vyūha, appeared according to the reputation of the mundane Cupid (Kāmadeva), who is contained within Himself (Pradyumna) and is an expansion of His own opulence as stated in this verse.
This verse describes Kāmadeva as an expansion or vibhūti of Kṛṣṇa or Vāsudeva (vāsudevāṁśo). In the Bhagavad-gītā, Kṛṣṇa confirms that He is Kāmadeva: prajanas cāsmi kandarpaḥ, “Of progenitors I am Kandarpa (Cupid).” (BG 10.28) Kāmadeva attained another body by entering into the body of Pradyumna. This he attained, not by his own powers, but by the will of the Lord, the ocean of variegated pastimes.
|| 10.55.2 ||
sa eva jāto vaidarbhyāṁ kṛṣṇa-vīrya-samudbhavaḥ
pradyumna iti vikhyātaḥ sarvato ’navamaḥ pituḥ
TRANSLATION
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