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The Supreme Lord’s Māyā makes men forget their real selves, and thus, taking the body for the self, they consider others to be friends, enemies or neutral parties.
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- Seeing that the size of all the human beings, animals, trees and plants was severely reduced, and thus realizing that the age of Kali was at hand, Mucukunda left for the north.
- Abandoning the abundant riches, fearless but feigning fear, They went many yojanas on Their lotuslike feet.
- Apparently exhausted after fleeing a long distance, the two Lords climbed a high mountain named Pravarṣaṇa, upon which Lord Indra showers incessant rain.
- As ordered by Lord Brahmā, Raivata, the opulent ruler of Ānarta, gave Lord Balarāma his daughter Raivatī in marriage. This has already been discussed.
- My lord, I wish to hear how the immeasurably powerful Lord Kṛṣṇa took away His bride while defeating such kings as Māgadha and Sālva.
- Dark-eyed Vaidarbhī was aware of this plan, and it deeply upset her. Analyzing the situation, she quickly sent a trustworthy brāhmaṇa to Kṛṣṇa.
- O brāhmaṇa, is your King attending to your welfare? Indeed, that king in whose country the citizens are happy and protected is very dear to Me.
- Whence have you come, crossing the impassable sea, and for what purpose? Explain all this to Us if it is not a secret, and tell Us what We may do for you.
- Outstanding in his knowledge of regulative principles, the King rewarded the brāhmaṇas with gold, silver, clothing, cows and sesame seeds mixed with raw sugar.
- Rājā Damaghoṣa, lord of Cedi, had also engaged brāhmaṇas expert in chanting mantras to perform all rituals necessary to assure his son’s prosperity.
- Perhaps the faultless Lord, even while preparing to come here, saw something contemptible in me and therefore has not come to take my hand.
- As she thought in this way, the young maiden, whose mind had been stolen by Kṛṣṇa, closed her tear-filled eyes, remembering that there was still time.
- O King, as the bride thus awaited the arrival of Govinda, she felt a twitch in her left thigh, arm and eye. This was a sign that something desirable would happen.
- The brāhmaṇa announced to her the arrival of Lord Yadunandana and relayed the Lord’s promise to marry her.
- May Acyuta, the creator of the three worlds, be satisfied with whatever pious work we may have done and show His mercy by taking the hand of Vaidarbhī.
- Bound by their swelling love, the city’s residents spoke in this way. Then the bride, protected by guards, left the inner palace to visit the temple of Ambikā.
- The ladies gave the bride the remnants of the offerings and then blessed her. She in turn bowed down to them and the deity and accepted the remnants as prasādam.
- The princess then gave up her vow of silence and left the Ambikā temple, holding on to a maidservant with her hand, which was adorned with a jeweled ring.
- Marriage of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī
- The commanders of the Yādava army, seeing the enemy racing to attack, turned to face them and stood firm, O King, twanging their bows.
- The heads of soldiers fighting on chariots, horses and elephants fell to the ground by the millions; some heads wore earrings and helmets, others turbans.
- Just as a puppet in the form of a woman dances by the desire of the puppeteer, so this world, controlled by the Supreme Lord, struggles in both happiness and misery.
- Now our enemies have conquered because time favors them, but in the future, when time is auspicious for us, we shall conquer.
- Although hit by these many arrows, Lord Acyuta again broke Rukmī’s bow. Rukmī picked up yet another bow, but the infallible Lord broke that one to pieces as well.
- Iron bludgeon, three-pointed spear, sword and shield, pike, javelin—whatever weapon Rukmī picked up, Lord Hari smashed it to bits.
- The Supreme Lord’s Māyā makes men forget their real selves, and thus, taking the body for the self, they consider others to be friends, enemies or neutral parties.
- Those who are bewildered perceive the one Supreme Soul, who resides in all embodied beings, as many, just as one may perceive the light in the sky, or the sky itself, as many.
- Therefore, with transcendental knowledge dispel the grief that is weakening and confounding your mind. Please resume your natural mood, O princess of the pristine smile.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus enlightened by Lord Balarāma, slender Rukmiṇī forgot her depression and steadied her mind by spiritual intelligence.
- At that time, O King, there was great rejoicing in all the homes of Yadupurī, whose citizens loved only Kṛṣṇa, chief of the Yadus.
- The kings and their daughters were totally astonished to hear the story of Rukmiṇī’s abduction, which was being glorified in song everywhere.
- He took birth in the womb of Vaidarbhī from the seed of Lord Kṛṣṇa and received the name Pradyumna. In no respect was He inferior to His father.
- A powerful fish swallowed Pradyumna, and this fish, along with others, was caught in a huge net and seized by fishermen.
- The fishermen presented that extraordinary fish to Śambara, who had his cooks bring it to the kitchen, where they began cutting it up with a butcher knife.
- After a short time, this son of Kṛṣṇa—Pradyumna—attained His full youth. He enchanted all women who gazed upon Him.
- Now kill this dreadful Śambara, Your formidable enemy. Although he knows hundreds of magic spells, You can defeat him with bewildering magic and other techniques.
- Pradyumna approached Śambara and called him to battle, hurling intolerable insults at him to foment a conflict.
- Drawing His sharp-edged sword, Pradyumna forcefully cut off Śambara’s head, complete with red mustache, helmet and earrings.
- Seeing Pradyumna, sweet-voiced, dark-eyed Rukmiṇī remembered her lost son, and her breasts became moist out of affection.
- Yes, He must be the same child I bore in my womb, since I feel great affection for Him and my left arm is quivering.
- Lord Savitā has come to see You, O Lord of the universe. He is blinding everyone’s eyes with his intensely effulgent rays.
- King Satrājit entered his opulent home, festively executing auspicious rituals. He had qualified brāhmaṇas install the Syamantaka jewel in the house’s temple room.
- Once Satrājit’s brother, Prasena, having hung the brilliant jewel about his neck, mounted a horse and went hunting in the forest.
- In the forest they found Prasena and his horse, both killed by the lion. Further on they found the lion dead on a mountainside, slain by Ṛkṣa [Jāmbavān].
- Unaware of His true position and thinking Him an ordinary man, Jāmbavān angrily began fighting with the Supreme Lord, his master.
- The fight went on without rest for twenty-eight days, the two opponents striking each other with their fists, which fell like the cracking blows of lightning.
- Thus addressed, Jāmbavān happily honored Lord Kṛṣṇa by offering Him his maiden daughter, Jāmbavatī, together with the jewel.
- When Devakī, Rukmiṇī-devī, Vasudeva and the Lord’s other relatives and friends heard that He had not come out of the cave, they all lamented.
- Hanging his head in great shame, Satrājit took the gem and returned home, all the while feeling remorse for his sinful behavior.
- Having thus intelligently made up his mind, King Satrājit personally arranged to present Lord Kṛṣṇa with his fair daughter and the Syamantaka jewel.
TRANSLATION
Śrī Rukmiṇī said: O controller of all mystic power, immeasurable one, Lord of lords, master of the universe! O all auspicious and mighty-armed one, please do not kill my brother!
COMMENTARY
Rukmiṇī said, “You possess inconceivably great transcendental opulences, while Rukmī is the most insignificant of those who are controlled by You. You are the immeasurable one (aprameyātma) and he is like an insect among the limited. You are supreme among the demigods (deva-deva), and he is the lowest among humans because he is inimical to You. You are the protector of the universe (jagat-pate), and though he is evil, because he is within the universe, he is to be protected. Therefore O auspicious one (kalyāṇa) with mighty arms (mahā-bhuja), You should not kill this inauspicious person with no power in his arms.”
|| 10.54.34 ||
śrī-śuka uvāca
tayā paritrāsa-vikampitāṅgayā śucāvaśuṣyan-mukha-ruddha-kaṇṭhayā
kātarya-visraṁsita-hema-mālayā gṛhīta-pādaḥ karuṇo nyavartata
TRANSLATION
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Rukmiṇī’s utter fear caused her limbs to tremble and her mouth to dry up, while her throat choked up out of sorrow. And in her agitation her golden necklace scattered. She grasped Kṛṣṇa’s feet, and the Lord, feeling compassionate, desisted.
COMMENTARY
Out of fear of the “worldly rule” that one’s sister is the personification of mercy (dayāyā bhaginī mūrtiḥ), Rukmiṇī was compassionate toward Rukmī, even though Rukmī was wicked, opposed to her, and would have been the cause of her giving up her life if she had been forced to marry Śiśupāla. Kṛṣṇa shared Rukmiṇī’s compassion.
|| 10.54.35 ||
cailena baddhvā tam asādhu-kārīṇaṁ sa-śmaśru-keśaṁ pravapan vyarūpayat
tāvan mamarduḥ para-sainyam adbhutaṁ yadu-pravīrā nalinīṁ yathā gajāḥ
TRANSLATION
Lord Kṛṣṇa tied up the evil-doer with a strip of cloth. He then proceeded to disfigure Rukmī by comically shaving him, leaving parts of his mustache and hair. By that time the Yadu heroes had crushed the extraordinary army of their opponents, just as elephants crush a lotus flower.
COMMENTARY
“Rukmī should never come and do mischief again.” Thinking thus, Kṛṣṇa showed his contempt for Rukmī by marking his body with some ugly features to let him remember his defeat and dissolve his pride. Kṛṣṇa tied him up by the neck with a strip of cloth using His left hand. While holding up the two ends of that cloth, Kṛṣṇa took His sword in His right hand, knocked off Rukmi’s turban, and then shaved off bits of his moustache, beard and hair at the root, drawing blood. With scraps of hair remaining here and there Rukmī looked completely disfigured.
|| 10.54.36 ||
kṛṣṇāntikam upavrajya dadṛśus tatra rukmiṇam
tathā-bhūtaṁ hata-prāyaṁ dṛṣṭvā saṅkarṣaṇo vibhuḥ
vimucya baddhaṁ karuṇo bhagavān kṛṣṇam abravīt
TRANSLATION
As the Yadus approached Lord Kṛṣṇa, they saw Rukmī in this sorry condition, practically dying of shame. When the all-powerful Lord Balarāma saw Rukmī, He compassionately released him and spoke the following to Lord Kṛṣṇa.
COMMENTARY
Out of compassion, Balarāma took the cloth that Kṛṣṇa was holding in His left hand and released Rukmī from the noose.
|| 10.54.37 ||
asādhv idaṁ tvayā kṛṣṇa kṛtam asmaj-jugupsitam
vapanaṁ śmaśru-keśānāṁ vairūpyaṁ suhṛdo vadhaḥ
TRANSLATION
[Lord Balarāma said:] My dear Kṛṣṇa, You have acted improperly! This deed will bring shame on Us, for to disfigure a close relative by shaving off his mustache and hair is as good as killing him.
COMMENTARY
Balarāma said, “Death itself would have been more proper than shaving him with Your sword, which has made his face ghastly.” Balarāma gently reproached Kṛṣṇa in order to console the lamenting Rukmiṇī. Internally, however, Balarāma was thinking, “O most clever brother, You have done what is proper and acted quite rightly.”
Thus expressing satisfaction, Balarāma spoke this verse. Though Rukmī is factually a duhṛt (an enemy, not a friend), in this verse Balarāma sarcastically calls him suhṛt, which means a well-wisher, friend or a brother-in-law.
|| 10.54.38 ||
maivāsmān sādhvy asūyethā bhrātur vairūpya-cintayā
sukha-duḥkha-do na cānyo ’sti yataḥ sva-kṛta-bhuk pumān
TRANSLATION
Saintly lady, please do not be displeased with Us out of anxiety for your brother’s disfigurement. No one but oneself is responsible for one’s joy and grief, for a man experiences the result of his own deeds.
COMMENTARY
To dispel Rukmiṇī’s sadness, Balarāma reasons with her in this verse: “Everyone must enjoy or suffer the results of his acts. What is this useless affection for this most wicked person who acts against your own husband?” Balarāma gently scolded Rukmiṇī.
|| 10.54.39 ||
bandhur vadhārha-doṣo ’pi na bandhor vadham arhati
tyājyaḥ svenaiva doṣeṇa hataḥ kiṁ hanyate punaḥ
TRANSLATION
[Again addressing Kṛṣṇa, Balarāma said:] A relative should not be killed even if his wrongdoing warrants capital punishment. Rather, he should be thrown out of the family. Since he has already been killed by his own sin, why kill him again?
COMMENTARY
In order to satisfy Rukmiṇī, Balarāma instructs Kṛṣṇa in morality in this verse: “A relative should not be killed by a relative, and a brother-in-law should not be killed by the sister’s husband.”
|| 10.54.40 ||
kṣatriyāṇām ayaṁ dharmaḥ prajāpati-vinirmitaḥ
bhrātāpi bhrātaraṁ hanyād yena ghoratamas tataḥ
TRANSLATION
[Turning to Rukmiṇī, Balarāma continued:] The code of sacred duty for warriors established by Lord Brahmā enjoins that one may have to kill even his own brother. That is indeed a most dreadful law.
COMMENTARY
Balarāma speaks again to Rukmiṇī, who was saying in her mind, “Your younger brother does not know this rule.” Balarāma said, “The scriptures order that one should even kill one’s brother. What to speak then of a brother-in-law who is so vile?”
|| 10.54.41 ||
rājyasya bhūmer vittasya striyo mānasya tejasaḥ
mānino ’nyasya vā hetoḥ śrī-madāndhāḥ kṣipanti hi
TRANSLATION
[Again Balarāma addressed Kṛṣṇa:] Blinded by conceit with their personal opulences, proud men offend others for the sake of such things as kingdom, land, wealth, women, honor and power.
COMMENTARY
“But,” Rukmiṇī is thinking to herself, “A kṣatriya may have to kill his relative, but he should not disfigure him in such a ghastly way.” To satisfy her, Balarāma then spoke to Kṛṣṇa: “O Kṛṣṇa! Proud fellows abuse others in order to get land, money and power. But We should not do this.”
|| 10.54.42 ||
taveyaṁ viṣamā buddhiḥ sarva-bhūteṣu durhṛdām
yan manyase sadābhadraṁ suhṛdāṁ bhadram ajña-vat
TRANSLATION
[To Rukmiṇī Balarāma said:] Your attitude is unfair, for like an ignorant person you wish good to those who are inimical to all living beings and who have done evil to your true well-wishers.
COMMENTARY
“But this rule is for situations other than war. In war, however, the rule is that the enemy should be defeated and made insignificant.” Guessing that this was Kṛṣṇa’s internal thought, Balarāma then spoke this verse to Rukmiṇī: “The good done by Kṛṣṇa to your own well-wishers and family members such as Rukmī, namely shaving his hair, that you think is bad is an unfair attitude on your part. This is the biased attitude of you, who are nonetheless wise.”
|| 10.54.43 ||
ātma-moho nṛṇām eva kalpate deva-māyayā
suhṛd durhṛd udāsīna iti dehātma-māninām
TRANSLATION
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