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Pacifying dharma and earth in this way, Parīkṣit took his sharp sword for killing Kali, the cause of adharma.
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- pāṇḍava-svargārohaṇaṁ nāma
- Just as a dead person without life becomes repulsive, the world which is separated from Kṛṣṇa even for a moment appears repulsive.
- O best of kings! Without the lord, my dear friend, companion, my mind being vacant, while protecting his queens on the road, like a weakling, I was defeated by criminal cowherds.
- According to common vision only, the destruction of the Yadus occurred by the will of the Lord, because actually living beings themselves cause their own survival and destruction.
- When I remember the words of Govinda which were suitable to place, time and subject, and which calmed the pain in my heart, those words break my heart.
- When Arjuna contemplated the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa with deep affection, his intelligence, regaining steadiness, became calm.
- Regarding both burdens equally, the Lord separated himself from that portion of the Yadus by which he removed the burden of the earth, like removing a thorn with another thorn.
- He enthroned Vajra as the king of Śūrasena in Mathurā and then being capable, performing pṛajāpatya sacrifice, placed within himself the fires.
- Giving up all clothing and bracelets, he was free of thoughts of “I” and “mine” and the unlimited bonds of attraction.
- He wore torn cloth, did not eat, stopped speaking, shaved his head, and showed himself as a dumb or insane person or a ghost.
- Vidura also, by absorbing his mind in Kṛṣṇa, gave up his body at Prabhāsa and went to his abode escorted by Pitṛs.
- parīkṣite dharma-pṛthvī-saṁvādo nāma
- He married Iṛāvatī, the daughter of king Uttara, and bore four sons starting with Janamejaya.
- He had gone out from his city to gather tribute with his troops along with chariots, horses, and elephants on a chariot with lion flag, pulled by black horses and well decorated.
- Conquering Bhadrāśva, Ketumāla, Bhārata, the northern Kuru provinces, and other countries such as Kimpuruṣa, he received taxes.
- Hear from me the most astonishing event that suddenly occurred while he was following this procedure of the previous kings daily.
- O best of the devatās! I lament for myself and you, and for the devatās, Pitṛs, sages, devotees and all the varṇas and āśramas.
- While the earth and dharma were conversing, the king named Parīkṣit came to the Sarasvatī River flowing east.
- atha saptadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
- Situated in his chariot, with his bow poised, in a voice deep as thunder, he questioned the śūdra dressed in gold.
- Except for your tears, the tears of living beings have never fallen on the earth which was ruled by the Kuru kings and well protected by arms of punishment.
- Son of Surabhī! You have four legs. Who has cut off three of your legs? There should never be such a condition in the state ruled by kings following Kṛṣṇa.
- O best of men! I do not know the person who is the cause of my suffering, since I am bewildered by different statements of scripture.
- Some say the self is the cause of suffering. Others say planets are the cause of suffering. Others say karma is the cause. Others say the inherent property of matter is the cause.
- It is certain that the course of the Lord’s māyā is beyond the thought and words of the living entities.
- Pacifying dharma and earth in this way, Parīkṣit took his sharp sword for killing Kali, the cause of adharma.
- Seeing the king intending to kill him he gave up the markings of a king in great fear and bowed his head to Parīkṣit’s feet.
- When you become situated in devatās and men, all sorts of irreligion follow: greed, untruth, theft, vulgarity, giving up dharma, poverty, deceit, quarrel and pride.
- Directed in this way by Parīkṣit, trembling Kali spoke to Parīkṣit who had his sword raised, appearing like Yama ready to kill him.
- When implored again, the king gave the place where there was gold. In that place there will be untruthfulness, intoxication, illicit sex, pride, and enmity.
- This king, the son of Abhimanyu, who, by protecting the earth, has allowed you to be consecrated for performing sacrifice, had such authority.
- vipra-śāpopalambhanaṁ nāma
- On the day that the Lord left the earth, at that very instant, Kali, the source of irreligion, entered the world.
- Kali was an attentive tiger among inattentive men. But what could powerful Kali do to the innocent people since he was afraid of the devotees?
- One day while taking his bow and hunting in the forest, after pursuing animals he became tired, hungry and very thirsty.
- Not seeing water anywhere, he entered the hermitage of a sage, and saw the peaceful sage sitting with closed eyes.
- In anger he placed a dead snake on the shoulder of the sage using the tip of his bow, left the hermitage and returned to his city.
- This is the sin of kings who are like fat crows! It is a sin committed by servants or door-keepers, who are like dogs, acting against their masters.
- By my order Takṣaka will bite this black sheep of his family, offender of my father, trespasser of boundaries.
- O child! When this king, representative of Viṣṇu, disappears, the people, suffering from thieves, like unprotected sheep, will be destroyed in an instant.
- The Lord, the soul of all beings, should forgive the sin committed to your innocent devotee by this boy of immature intelligence.
- The great sage was sorry for the sin committed by his son, but did not think at all that the king had committed an offense when he (the sage) was treated badly.
- Other exalted sages among the devatās, sages of great penance, sages among kings and Aruṇas also came. Welcoming the best of sages, the king bowed his head.
- Having decided in this way the wise king, entrusting the country to his son, sat down facing north on kuśa grass with tips facing east, on the right bank of the river.
- When the best of the kings sat fasting, the devatās in the sky showered the earth with flowers in praise and continually drums sounded in joy.
- We will all remain here until the king, the best of the devotees, gives up his body and attains the supreme planet which is without grief and passion.
- When his guest arrived, Parīkṣit worshipped him with bowed head. The ignorant women and children disappeared. In the worship, Śukadeva sat on a huge seat.
- Otherwise how is it possible that explicitly dying men like us can see a perfected being like you, whose movements are unknown, and is most munificent?
- I ask the supreme guru of the yogīs what is complete perfection and what is to be done at all times for attaining that perfection for a man about to die.
- Being addressed and questioned by the king with sweet words, the great son of Vyāsa, knower of dharma, began to answer.
In Satya-yuga you had complete dharma of four portions with four elements: austerity, cleanliness, mercy and truth. Three portions are broken by three portions of irreligion: pride, association with women, intoxication and other sins.
COMMENTARY
I know all your fortune and misfortune which you have not told me. Please hear. Two verses describe this. Three portions are broken by three parts of adharma: pride (smaya), association with women (saṅga) and intoxication (madaiḥ). These represent other actions such as violence as well. This means truth and the other qualities present in Satya-yuga cannot be present.
|| 1.17.25 ||
idānīṁ dharma pādas te satyaṁ nirvartayed yataḥ |
taṁ jighṛkṣaty adharmo ’yam anṛtenaidhitaḥ kaliḥ ||
TRANSLATION
O dharma! Now in Kali-yuga truth remains prominent on the one remaining portion of dharma, by which a person can attain truth. But Kali, irreligion, increasing by untruth, desires to devour even truth.
COMMENTARY
O dharma! Now, in Kali-yuga, of your four parts of dharma consisting of austerity, cleanliness, mercy and truth, only one fourth part remains, because of destruction by the three portions of pride, women and intoxication. There is a rule that items are sometimes named because of their prominence.[79] Truth is named here because it is now more prominent (though the other three factors of dharma are also present). Because of truth you can concentrate the mind to some extent (nirvartayet). Or because of truth, a person can attain you (truth). Kali, in the form of adharma, increasing with untruth (anṛtena), desires to destroy truth. This is confirmed by looking in the Twelfth Canto. In Satya-yuga, in the beginning, dharma was complete with four parts. In Treta-yuga one fourth of all four legs diminished. Pride diminished austerity, women diminished cleanliness, intoxication diminished mercy and untruth diminished truth. In Dvāpara-yuga these qualities were reduced by half. In Kali-yuga only one fourth of these qualities remain. At the end of Kali-yuga nothing remains.
|| 1.17.26 ||
iyaṁ ca bhūmir bhagavatā nyāsitoru-bharā satī |
śrīmadbhis tat-pada-nyāsaiḥ sarvataḥ kṛta-kautukā ||
TRANSLATION
The cow is earth. The Lord relieved her of a great burden. She became most auspicious in all ways by the auspicious touch of his feet.
COMMENTARY
Nyāsitoru-bharā means “she who had her heavy burden created by others (demons) and herself (her own weight) removed by the Lord.”
|| 1.17.27 ||
śocaty aśru-kalā sādhvī durbhagevojjhitā satī |
abrahmaṇyā nṛpa-vyājāḥ śūdrā bhokṣyanti mām iti ||
TRANSLATION
With tears in her eyes, the chaste earth filled with misfortune, being abandoned by the Lord, laments “Śūdras dressed as kings with no respect for brāhmaṇas will enjoy me.”
COMMENTARY
Aśru-kalā means “carrying tears.”
|| 1.17.28 ||
iti dharmaṁ mahīṁ caiva sāntvayitvā mahā-rathaḥ |
niśātam ādade khaḍgaṁ kalaye ’dharma-hetave ||
TRANSLATION
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