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Other exalted sages among the devatās, sages of great penance, sages among kings and Aruṇas also came. Welcoming the best of sages, the king bowed his head.
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- While the earth and dharma were conversing, the king named Parīkṣit came to the Sarasvatī River flowing east.
- atha saptadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
- Situated in his chariot, with his bow poised, in a voice deep as thunder, he questioned the śūdra dressed in gold.
- Except for your tears, the tears of living beings have never fallen on the earth which was ruled by the Kuru kings and well protected by arms of punishment.
- Son of Surabhī! You have four legs. Who has cut off three of your legs? There should never be such a condition in the state ruled by kings following Kṛṣṇa.
- O best of men! I do not know the person who is the cause of my suffering, since I am bewildered by different statements of scripture.
- Some say the self is the cause of suffering. Others say planets are the cause of suffering. Others say karma is the cause. Others say the inherent property of matter is the cause.
- It is certain that the course of the Lord’s māyā is beyond the thought and words of the living entities.
- Pacifying dharma and earth in this way, Parīkṣit took his sharp sword for killing Kali, the cause of adharma.
- Seeing the king intending to kill him he gave up the markings of a king in great fear and bowed his head to Parīkṣit’s feet.
- When you become situated in devatās and men, all sorts of irreligion follow: greed, untruth, theft, vulgarity, giving up dharma, poverty, deceit, quarrel and pride.
- Directed in this way by Parīkṣit, trembling Kali spoke to Parīkṣit who had his sword raised, appearing like Yama ready to kill him.
- When implored again, the king gave the place where there was gold. In that place there will be untruthfulness, intoxication, illicit sex, pride, and enmity.
- This king, the son of Abhimanyu, who, by protecting the earth, has allowed you to be consecrated for performing sacrifice, had such authority.
- vipra-śāpopalambhanaṁ nāma
- On the day that the Lord left the earth, at that very instant, Kali, the source of irreligion, entered the world.
- Kali was an attentive tiger among inattentive men. But what could powerful Kali do to the innocent people since he was afraid of the devotees?
- One day while taking his bow and hunting in the forest, after pursuing animals he became tired, hungry and very thirsty.
- Not seeing water anywhere, he entered the hermitage of a sage, and saw the peaceful sage sitting with closed eyes.
- In anger he placed a dead snake on the shoulder of the sage using the tip of his bow, left the hermitage and returned to his city.
- This is the sin of kings who are like fat crows! It is a sin committed by servants or door-keepers, who are like dogs, acting against their masters.
- By my order Takṣaka will bite this black sheep of his family, offender of my father, trespasser of boundaries.
- O child! When this king, representative of Viṣṇu, disappears, the people, suffering from thieves, like unprotected sheep, will be destroyed in an instant.
- The Lord, the soul of all beings, should forgive the sin committed to your innocent devotee by this boy of immature intelligence.
- The great sage was sorry for the sin committed by his son, but did not think at all that the king had committed an offense when he (the sage) was treated badly.
- Other exalted sages among the devatās, sages of great penance, sages among kings and Aruṇas also came. Welcoming the best of sages, the king bowed his head.
- Having decided in this way the wise king, entrusting the country to his son, sat down facing north on kuśa grass with tips facing east, on the right bank of the river.
- When the best of the kings sat fasting, the devatās in the sky showered the earth with flowers in praise and continually drums sounded in joy.
- We will all remain here until the king, the best of the devotees, gives up his body and attains the supreme planet which is without grief and passion.
- When his guest arrived, Parīkṣit worshipped him with bowed head. The ignorant women and children disappeared. In the worship, Śukadeva sat on a huge seat.
- Otherwise how is it possible that explicitly dying men like us can see a perfected being like you, whose movements are unknown, and is most munificent?
- I ask the supreme guru of the yogīs what is complete perfection and what is to be done at all times for attaining that perfection for a man about to die.
- Being addressed and questioned by the king with sweet words, the great son of Vyāsa, knower of dharma, began to answer.
- O King! There are thousands of topics that can be heard by those who do not inquire about the goal of life, those who are attached to the house and commit five types of violence.
- Deeply attached to his body, children and wife, who are like an army giving protection, though they are false, he sees their destruction but does not see it.
- For persons fixed in jñāna, yoga and karma, gaining such a birth, with remembrance of Nārāyaṇa while rejecting the other processes, is the best.
- O descendent of the Kurus! But you have seven days remaining in your life. Make all necessary arrangements in this time for your destination after death.
- The body of the universal form is more solid than the solid. Within that form, the past, present and future of the universe, the products of the Lord, are seen.
- Pātala are his soles, Rasātala is his heels, Mahātala is his ankles and Talātala is his calves.
- O best of the Kurus! The clouds are his hair. Twilight is his clothing. Avaykta-prakṛti is his intelligence. The moon is his mind, the shelter of all change.
- They say that mahat-tattva is his citta. Rudra is his false ego. Horses, mules, camels and elephants are his nails. All animals are his hips.
- Meditating on the Puruṣa in the Heart
- He is decorated with valuable belt, rings, anklets, and bracelets. His attractive, smiling face is surrounded by spotless, glossy, curly black locks of hair.
- The unchanging Lord reviewed three times the Vedas completely with his intelligence, and determined that process which produces prema in the self.
- Auspiciousness arises for the worshippers of devatās if firm devotion for the Lord arises from association with devotees.
- aunaka said: Hearing the explanations, what else did the King, best of the Bharata lineage, ask the wise sage Śukadeva?
- O learned Sūta! You should tell that to us, who desire to hear. Topics which conclude in discussion of the Lord will certainly appear in the assembly of great devotees.
- Both by rising and by setting, the sun decreases the duration of life of everyone, except one who utilizes the time by discussing topics of the Supreme Lord.
- Do not the trees live long life? Do not the bellows breathe? Do not the village animals and animal-like men eat and mate?
- He completely gave up attachment to body, wife, sons, house, animals, wealth, friends, kingdom, which is constant and strong in others.
TRANSLATION
Because of my disrespect for this godly person it is certain that unpreventable misfortune will come very soon. Let that be direct atonement for my sin in full force, so that I will not commit such an act again.
COMMENTARY
It (the misfortune) should affect me directly (addhā), not my sons and others.
|| 1.19.3 ||
adyaiva rājyaṁ balam ṛddha-kośaṁ
prakopita-brahma-kulānalo me |
dahatv abhadrasya punar na me ’bhūt
pāpīyasī dhīr dvija-deva-gobhyaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Let the fire of an angry brāhmaṇa family burn up my kingdom, strength, and wealth today, since I am so sinful! May I never again think sinfully of giving suffering to brāhmaṇas, devatās or cows!
COMMENTARY
May my intelligence not cause suffering to the brāhmaṇas and devatās.
|| 1.19.4 ||
sa cintayann ittham athāśṛṇod yathā
muneḥ sutokto nirṛtis takṣakākhyaḥ |
sa sādhu mene na cireṇa takṣakā-
nalaṁ prasaktasya virakti-kāraṇam ||
TRANSLATION
As he was thus thinking, he heard about how he would die from the bite of Takṣaka because of the curse issued by the sage’s son. He considered it beneficial that soon the fire of Takṣaka would be the cause of detachment from material life.
COMMENTARY
He heard how he would die from Takṣaka in seven days as pronounced by the son of the sage, from a student called Gauramukha sent by Śamīka. “O king! Hearing about the curse made by his ignorant son, regretting it repeatedly, our guru scolded his son and not seeing any remedy, fell into grief. Full of suffering he sent me to you with a message. Understanding this, the king should make preparations for departing.” When the messenger had departed, the king wanted to go there to beg forgiveness for his offense, but considering that the sage would be embarrassed, and also because he did not desire negation of the curse, he did not go. He considered the fiery poison of Takṣaka beneficial because it would produce detachment from all his attachments.
|| 1.19.5 ||
atho vihāyemam amuṁ ca lokaṁ
vimarśitau heyatayā purastāt |
kṛṣṇāṅghri-sevām adhimanyamāna
upāviśat prāyam amartya-nadyām ||
TRANSLATION
Having previously concluded that both were to be rejected — giving up this world and Svarga — and thinking that service to Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet as the highest goal, he sat down with a vow of not eating on the bank of the Gaṅgā.
COMMENTARY
How did he give up the goals of this world and the next? Previously before the curse, he had already concluded that both should be rejected. Then, thinking that service to the Lord’s feet was supreme among all goals (adhi), he sat down with the vow of not eating (prāyam).
|| 1.19.6 ||
yā vai lasac-chrī-tulasī-vimiśra-
kṛṣṇāṅghri-reṇv-abhyadhikāmbu-netrī|
punāti lokān ubhayatra seśān
kas tāṁ na seveta mariṣyamāṇaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Who at the point of death would not serve the Gaṅgā who, carrying water made excellent by the dust of Kṛṣṇa’s feet mixed with beautiful tulasī, purifies the worlds along with their leaders inside and outside, above and below?
COMMENTARY
The Gaṅgā is described. She carries (netrī) most excellent (abhyadhika) water. The water purifies internally and externally, above and below.
|| 1.19.7 ||
iti vyavacchidya sa pāṇḍaveyaḥ
prāyopaveśaṁ prati viṣṇu-padyām|
dadhau mukundāṅghrim ananya-bhāvo
muni-vrato mukta-samasta-saṅgaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Making this decision to sit without eating on the bank of the Gaṅgā, Parīkṣit, without thoughts of other processes or deities, peaceful, and free of all material attachments, concentrated on the feet of Mukunda.
COMMENTARY
Deciding (vyavacchidya) to sit and fast, he did not think of karma, jñāna or other deities (ananya-bhāvaḥ).
|| 1.19.8 ||
tatropajagmur bhuvanaṁ punānā
mahānubhāvā munayaḥ sa-śiṣyāḥ |
prāyeṇa tīrthābhigamāpadeśaiḥ
svayaṁ hi tīrthāni punanti santaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Noble-minded sages who purify the world came along with their disciples to see Parīkṣit there on the pretext of visiting a holy place. The devotees being holy places personified purify the holy places.
COMMENTARY
The sages came to see Parīkṣit, not to bathe, since they were already pure. “But they are seen to visit holy places.” This is only a pretext (prāyena). They had understood that seeing Parīkṣit was superior to seeing the holy places. Understanding suddenly by their omniscience that they could not taste astonishing bliss in any other way, they came to drink the sweetness of the Bhāgavatam.
|| 1.19.9-10 ||
atrir vasiṣṭhaś cyavanaḥ śaradvān
ariṣṭanemir bhṛgur aṅgirāś ca |
parāśaro gādhi-suto ’tha rāma
utathya indrapramadaḥ subāhuḥ ||
medhātithir devala ārṣṭiṣeṇo
bhāradvājo gautamaḥ pippalādaḥ |
maitreya aurvaḥ kavaṣaḥ kumbhayonir
dvaipāyano bhagavān nāradaś ca ||
TRANSLATION
Atri, Vasiṣṭha, Cyavana, Śaradvān, Ariṣṭameni, Bhṛgu, Aṅgirās, Parāśara, Viśvamitra, Paraśurāma, Utathya, Indrapramada, Subāhu, Medhātithi, Devala, Ārṣṭiṣeṇa, Bhāradvāja, Gautama, Pippalāda, Maitreya, Aurava, Kavaṣa, Agastya, Vyāsa and Nārada came there.
|| 1.19.11 ||
anye ca devarṣi-brahmarṣi-varyā
rājarṣi-varyā aruṇādayaś ca |
nānārṣeya-pravarān sametān
abhyarcya rājā śirasā vavande ||
TRANSLATION
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