Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!
ЗНАЕТЕ ЛИ ВЫ?
|
The body of the universal form is more solid than the solid. Within that form, the past, present and future of the universe, the products of the Lord, are seen.
Содержание книги
- When implored again, the king gave the place where there was gold. In that place there will be untruthfulness, intoxication, illicit sex, pride, and enmity.
- This king, the son of Abhimanyu, who, by protecting the earth, has allowed you to be consecrated for performing sacrifice, had such authority.
- vipra-śāpopalambhanaṁ nāma
- On the day that the Lord left the earth, at that very instant, Kali, the source of irreligion, entered the world.
- Kali was an attentive tiger among inattentive men. But what could powerful Kali do to the innocent people since he was afraid of the devotees?
- One day while taking his bow and hunting in the forest, after pursuing animals he became tired, hungry and very thirsty.
- Not seeing water anywhere, he entered the hermitage of a sage, and saw the peaceful sage sitting with closed eyes.
- In anger he placed a dead snake on the shoulder of the sage using the tip of his bow, left the hermitage and returned to his city.
- This is the sin of kings who are like fat crows! It is a sin committed by servants or door-keepers, who are like dogs, acting against their masters.
- By my order Takṣaka will bite this black sheep of his family, offender of my father, trespasser of boundaries.
- O child! When this king, representative of Viṣṇu, disappears, the people, suffering from thieves, like unprotected sheep, will be destroyed in an instant.
- The Lord, the soul of all beings, should forgive the sin committed to your innocent devotee by this boy of immature intelligence.
- The great sage was sorry for the sin committed by his son, but did not think at all that the king had committed an offense when he (the sage) was treated badly.
- Other exalted sages among the devatās, sages of great penance, sages among kings and Aruṇas also came. Welcoming the best of sages, the king bowed his head.
- Having decided in this way the wise king, entrusting the country to his son, sat down facing north on kuśa grass with tips facing east, on the right bank of the river.
- When the best of the kings sat fasting, the devatās in the sky showered the earth with flowers in praise and continually drums sounded in joy.
- We will all remain here until the king, the best of the devotees, gives up his body and attains the supreme planet which is without grief and passion.
- When his guest arrived, Parīkṣit worshipped him with bowed head. The ignorant women and children disappeared. In the worship, Śukadeva sat on a huge seat.
- Otherwise how is it possible that explicitly dying men like us can see a perfected being like you, whose movements are unknown, and is most munificent?
- I ask the supreme guru of the yogīs what is complete perfection and what is to be done at all times for attaining that perfection for a man about to die.
- Being addressed and questioned by the king with sweet words, the great son of Vyāsa, knower of dharma, began to answer.
- O King! There are thousands of topics that can be heard by those who do not inquire about the goal of life, those who are attached to the house and commit five types of violence.
- Deeply attached to his body, children and wife, who are like an army giving protection, though they are false, he sees their destruction but does not see it.
- For persons fixed in jñāna, yoga and karma, gaining such a birth, with remembrance of Nārāyaṇa while rejecting the other processes, is the best.
- O descendent of the Kurus! But you have seven days remaining in your life. Make all necessary arrangements in this time for your destination after death.
- The body of the universal form is more solid than the solid. Within that form, the past, present and future of the universe, the products of the Lord, are seen.
- Pātala are his soles, Rasātala is his heels, Mahātala is his ankles and Talātala is his calves.
- O best of the Kurus! The clouds are his hair. Twilight is his clothing. Avaykta-prakṛti is his intelligence. The moon is his mind, the shelter of all change.
- They say that mahat-tattva is his citta. Rudra is his false ego. Horses, mules, camels and elephants are his nails. All animals are his hips.
- Meditating on the Puruṣa in the Heart
- He is decorated with valuable belt, rings, anklets, and bracelets. His attractive, smiling face is surrounded by spotless, glossy, curly black locks of hair.
- The unchanging Lord reviewed three times the Vedas completely with his intelligence, and determined that process which produces prema in the self.
- Auspiciousness arises for the worshippers of devatās if firm devotion for the Lord arises from association with devotees.
- aunaka said: Hearing the explanations, what else did the King, best of the Bharata lineage, ask the wise sage Śukadeva?
- O learned Sūta! You should tell that to us, who desire to hear. Topics which conclude in discussion of the Lord will certainly appear in the assembly of great devotees.
- Both by rising and by setting, the sun decreases the duration of life of everyone, except one who utilizes the time by discussing topics of the Supreme Lord.
- Do not the trees live long life? Do not the bellows breathe? Do not the village animals and animal-like men eat and mate?
- He completely gave up attachment to body, wife, sons, house, animals, wealth, friends, kingdom, which is constant and strong in others.
- O great devotees! The intelligent Parīkṣit, full of faith in hearing Kṛṣṇa’s activities, asked this question to Śukadeva which you have asked me.
- Sūta said: Being thus requested by the King to speak about the qualities of the Lord, Śukadeva, remembering the Lord of the senses, prepared to answer.
- I offer continual respects to the Lord with all auspicious qualities, whose glorification, remembrance, deity form, topics and worship immediately destroy the impurities of man.
- O King! Brahmā, filled with the Vedas, taught this knowledge, which the Lord had directly spoke to him, to Nārada who asked about it.
- Nārada said: O lord of lords! O creator of the living beings! O first born! You know that knowledge which reveals the truth about the ātmā and Paramātmā.
- Situated in your own energy like a spider creating his web, without fatigue, you protect the living beings within yourself, without being destroyed.
- Though you are like this, you performed great austerities. By this you bewilder us. You produce a doubt that there is some other Lord.
- O son! What you say about me is not untrue, because people, not knowing the difference between me and the Lord say that I have that power.
- I meditate on the Supreme Lord Vāsudeva, by whose insurmountable māyā people call me the guru of the universe.
- I am created by him. Inspired by the Lord’s glance, I create what is already created by the Lord -- the witness, the soul situated in all beings.
- Second Description of the Universal Form: Vibhūtis of the Lord
- From his body hairs arose all trees by which sacrifice is performed. From his hair and beard arose clouds and from his nails arose lightning, minerals and metals.
COMMENTARY
Tavāpi etarhi means tava tu “but your time (etarhi) on the other hand.” Yat sāmparāyikam means sādhana for attaining the next life. Please do all that is necessary.
|| 2.1.15 ||
anta-kāle tu puruṣa āgate gata-sādhvasaḥ |
chindyād asaṅga-śastreṇa spṛhāṁ dehe ’nu ye ca tam ||
TRANSLATION
The time of death having arrived(, a man, devoid of fear of death, should cut off with the weapon of detachment desires for the body and for things related to the body such as wife and children.
COMMENTARY
The question was asked, “What should the dying man do.?” “You should perform yoga to enter into Brahman with ease, after giving up the body by your will through yoga.” In this verse he speaks of the excellence of the yoga process which was the opinion held by some sages in the great assembly. Śukadeva’s own opinion will be given at the end of the second chapter. Devoid of fear of death (sādhvasaḥ), with the weapon of detachment (asaṅga-śastrena) cut off all desires for the body (tam) and things related to the body such as sons and wife (ye anu).
|| 2.1.16-17 ||
gṛhāt pravrajito dhīraḥ puṇya-tīrtha-jalāplutaḥ |
śucau vivikta āsīno vidhivat kalpitāsane ||
abhyasen manasā śuddha trivṛd-brahmākṣaraṁ param |
mano yacchej jita-śvāso brahma-bījam avismaran ||
TRANSLATION
The person controlling his senses should leave the house, take bath in holy places, and then sitting on a seat made according to rules in a solitary, clean place, should repeat the pure syllable oṁ using the mind and controlling the breath, make the mind motionless while remembering oṁ.
COMMENTARY
Dhīra represents the first stage of yama such as brahmacarya. Bathing in holy rivers represents the second stage of niyama. Sitting on the āsana made according to the rules -- of kuśa, deer skin and cloth -- represents the third stage of āsana. Chanting the three syllables combined as oṁ repeatedly is the fourth stage of prāṇāyāma. By much practice of prāṇāyāma one should first make the mind motionless (mano yacchet). Brahma-bījam means oṁ.
|| 2.1.18 ||
niyacched viṣayebhyo ’kṣān manasā buddhi-sārathiḥ |
manaḥ karmabhir ākṣiptaṁ śubhārthe dhārayed dhiyā ||
TRANSLATION
One should restrain the senses such as the eye from the sense objects by the mind whose assistant is the intelligence and concentrate with intelligence on the Lord. The mind is always agitated by previous karmas.
COMMENTARY
By the controlled mind one should withdraw the senses such as eye and ear from the sense objects such as sound. This is the fifth stage, pratyāhāra. The mind, whose assistant is the intelligence which discriminates, should then concentrate with intelligence on the form of the Lord (śubhārthe). This is the sixth stage of dhāraṇā. The mind is described as that which is impossible to make motionless by prāṇāyāma and other processes because of the extreme strength of previous karmas.
|| 2.1.19 ||
tatraikāvayavaṁ dhyāyed avyucchinnena cetasā |
mano nirviṣayaṁ yuktvā tataḥ kiñcana na smaret |
padaṁ tat paramaṁ viṣṇor mano yatra prasīdati ||
TRANSLATION
One should then meditate on the limbs of the Lord one after the other with uninterrupted mind. Using the mind detached from sense objects, one should not think of anything else. That is the brahman aspect of the Lord, in which the mind is extinguished.
COMMENTARY
Next the seven stage, meditation, is described. One should meditate on the individual limbs of the Lord. Dhāraṇā makes the mind steady by concentration on the Lord in general. Meditation or dhyāna is a more complete steadiness of the mind produced by contemplating the limbs of the Lord. This is with uninterrupted consciousness. Engaging the mind which is without contact with sense objects, one should not think of anything else. This is the brahman, the form (padam) of the Lord, in which the mind is extinguished. This is the eighth stage, samādhi.
|| 2.1.20 ||
rajas-tamobhyām ākṣiptaṁ vimūḍhaṁ mana ātmanaḥ |
yacched dhāraṇayā dhīro hanti yā tat-kṛtaṁ malam ||
TRANSLATION
The wise man controls the mind agitated by rajas and bewildered by tamas by practice of dhāraṇā, which destroys the impurity produced by rajas and tamas.
COMMENTARY
If there is again disturbance from the guṇas, one should make dhāraṇā firm. Agitated by rajas and bewildered by tamas, one should control one’s mind. That will destroy the contamination created by rajas and tamas (tat-kṛtam).
|| 2.1.21 ||
yasyāṁ sandhāryamāṇāyāṁ yogino bhakti-lakṣaṇaḥ |
āśu sampadyate yoga āśrayaṁ bhadram īkṣataḥ ||
TRANSLATION
In that process of dhāraṇā, the yogī who sees the Lord by dhāraṇā quickly completes bhakti-miśra-yoga.
COMMENTARY
In that dhārāṇā, yoga which has qualities of bhakti, bhakti-miśra-yoga -- in which the person has desire for liberation, but not without some bhakti -- is accomplished for the yogī who sees the Lord by dhāraṇā (bhadram āśrayam).
|| 2.1.22 ||
rājovāca—
yathā sandhāryate brahman dhāraṇā yatra sammatā |
yādṛśī vā hared āśu puruṣasya mano-malam ||
TRANSLATION
The Kking said: O brāhmaṇa! How is dhāraṇā accomplished? What is the approved object of concentration? How can one quickly remove the contaminations in the mind?
COMMENTARY
The King asks about bhakti-miśra-yoga out of curiosity, not because he wants to practice. It is only appropriate that the student of Śukadeva would have an inclination for pure bhakti like Śukadeva.
|| 2.1.23 ||
śrī-śuka uvāca—
jitāsano[91]jita-śvāso jita-saṅgo jitendriyaḥ |
sthūle bhagavato rūpe manaḥ sandhārayed dhiyā ||
TRANSLATION
Śukadeva said: Having perfected āsanas and breathing, having given up bad association and conquered the senses, one should concentrate the mind on the gross form of the Lord with the intelligence
COMMENTARY
This verse answers the first question. For those yogīs who cannot concentrate on the spiritual form of the Paramātmā mentioned in verse 21, concentration on the universal form for removing the continuation of attraction and repulsion is described.
|| 2.1.24 ||
viśeṣas tasya deho ’yaṁ sthaviṣṭhaś ca sthavīyasām |
yatredaṁ vyajyate viśvaṁ bhūtaṁ bhavyaṁ bhavac ca sat ||
TRANSLATION
|
