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I meditate on the Supreme Lord Vāsudeva, by whose insurmountable māyā people call me the guru of the universe.
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- O King! There are thousands of topics that can be heard by those who do not inquire about the goal of life, those who are attached to the house and commit five types of violence.
- Deeply attached to his body, children and wife, who are like an army giving protection, though they are false, he sees their destruction but does not see it.
- For persons fixed in jñāna, yoga and karma, gaining such a birth, with remembrance of Nārāyaṇa while rejecting the other processes, is the best.
- O descendent of the Kurus! But you have seven days remaining in your life. Make all necessary arrangements in this time for your destination after death.
- The body of the universal form is more solid than the solid. Within that form, the past, present and future of the universe, the products of the Lord, are seen.
- Pātala are his soles, Rasātala is his heels, Mahātala is his ankles and Talātala is his calves.
- O best of the Kurus! The clouds are his hair. Twilight is his clothing. Avaykta-prakṛti is his intelligence. The moon is his mind, the shelter of all change.
- They say that mahat-tattva is his citta. Rudra is his false ego. Horses, mules, camels and elephants are his nails. All animals are his hips.
- Meditating on the Puruṣa in the Heart
- He is decorated with valuable belt, rings, anklets, and bracelets. His attractive, smiling face is surrounded by spotless, glossy, curly black locks of hair.
- The unchanging Lord reviewed three times the Vedas completely with his intelligence, and determined that process which produces prema in the self.
- Auspiciousness arises for the worshippers of devatās if firm devotion for the Lord arises from association with devotees.
- aunaka said: Hearing the explanations, what else did the King, best of the Bharata lineage, ask the wise sage Śukadeva?
- O learned Sūta! You should tell that to us, who desire to hear. Topics which conclude in discussion of the Lord will certainly appear in the assembly of great devotees.
- Both by rising and by setting, the sun decreases the duration of life of everyone, except one who utilizes the time by discussing topics of the Supreme Lord.
- Do not the trees live long life? Do not the bellows breathe? Do not the village animals and animal-like men eat and mate?
- He completely gave up attachment to body, wife, sons, house, animals, wealth, friends, kingdom, which is constant and strong in others.
- O great devotees! The intelligent Parīkṣit, full of faith in hearing Kṛṣṇa’s activities, asked this question to Śukadeva which you have asked me.
- Sūta said: Being thus requested by the King to speak about the qualities of the Lord, Śukadeva, remembering the Lord of the senses, prepared to answer.
- I offer continual respects to the Lord with all auspicious qualities, whose glorification, remembrance, deity form, topics and worship immediately destroy the impurities of man.
- O King! Brahmā, filled with the Vedas, taught this knowledge, which the Lord had directly spoke to him, to Nārada who asked about it.
- Nārada said: O lord of lords! O creator of the living beings! O first born! You know that knowledge which reveals the truth about the ātmā and Paramātmā.
- Situated in your own energy like a spider creating his web, without fatigue, you protect the living beings within yourself, without being destroyed.
- Though you are like this, you performed great austerities. By this you bewilder us. You produce a doubt that there is some other Lord.
- O son! What you say about me is not untrue, because people, not knowing the difference between me and the Lord say that I have that power.
- I meditate on the Supreme Lord Vāsudeva, by whose insurmountable māyā people call me the guru of the universe.
- I am created by him. Inspired by the Lord’s glance, I create what is already created by the Lord -- the witness, the soul situated in all beings.
- Second Description of the Universal Form: Vibhūtis of the Lord
- From his body hairs arose all trees by which sacrifice is performed. From his hair and beard arose clouds and from his nails arose lightning, minerals and metals.
- brahma-nārada-saṁvādaḥ
- Parīkṣit’s Questions
- Please describe the various yugas, their durations, their dharmas, and the astonishing activities of the yugāvatāras of the Lord.
- O Brahmā! All auspiciousness to you! Please ask your desired benediction from me, who can award all benedictions. Endeavors in the process of bhakti end in seeing me.
- Brahmā said: O Supreme Lord! You, the controller of all beings, are situated in their intelligence. You know what all beings desire to do by unimpaired intelligence.
- Follow my instructions in detail, with extreme concentration. You will not be bewildered at any time during your lifetime and its subdivisions.
- Ten Characteristics of a Purāṇa
- a-kathā refers to descriptions of the Lord’s avatāras and their devotees, filled with various stories.
- When the pure puruṣa, separating himself from the universe, remained outside, desiring a place to lie down in the universe, he created the pure waters of the Garbhodaka.
- The wise do not accept these two forms of the Lord described by me since they are composed of matter.
- The Lord has been described in many scriptures as the creator of the universe. Some pure devotees however do not see him only as the creator of the universe.
- Sūta said: I will explain to you what the great sage Śukadeva spoke in response to Parīkṣit when asked by Parīkṣit. Please listen.
- evam etat purā pṛṣṭo maitreyo bhagavān kila
- yad vā ayaṁ mantra-kṛd vo bhagavān akhileśvaraḥ
- yadā tu rājā sva-sutān asādhūn
- jagad-gurur yāni jagāda kṛṣṇaḥ
- sa eṣa doṣaḥ puruṣa-dviḍ āste
- ka enam atropajuhāva jihmaṁ
- sa nirgataḥ kaurava-puṇya-labdho
- kālena yāvad gatavān prabhāsam
- tatas tv ativrajya surāṣṭram ṛddhaṁ
TRANSLATION
I meditate on the Supreme Lord Vāsudeva, by whose insurmountable māyā people call me the guru of the universe.
COMMENTARY
But are you not known everywhere as the guru of the universe who creates the worlds? With surprise and derision he speaks.
|| 2.5.13 ||
vilajjamānayā yasya sthātum īkṣā-pathe ’muyā |
vimohitā vikatthante mamāham iti durdhiyaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
The ignorant jīvas, bewildered by māyā who is ashamed to stand in sight of the Lord, boast about “I” and “mine.”
COMMENTARY
Are those who respect you as the guru of the universe and its creator bewildered by māyā? Yes. Those who give respect and receive respect without reference to the Lord are bewildered by māyā who is situated at the back of the Lord, beyond his vision. That is expressed in this verse. Knowing that she deceives, she is ashamed to stand in sight, like a deceitful woman, she stands behind the Lord. Bewildered by her, people boast. Being situated behind the Lord also indicates that she is not facing the Lord. Because she is not facing the Lord her influence does not approach him at all.
|| 2.5.14 ||
dravyaṁ karma ca kālaś ca svabhāvo jīva eva ca |
vāsudevāt paro brahman na cānyo ’rtho ’sti tattvataḥ ||
TRANSLATION
O brāhmaṇa! The elements, karma, time, svabhāva and the jīva are not different from Vāsudeva. Nothing but he exists in truth.
COMMENTARY
Ten questions were asked about the universe, starting with its characteristics (yad-rūpam). To answer this, first it is explained that nothing exists other than the Lord. Dravyam means the elements, the substance of matter (upādāna). Karma is the cause of birth. Kāla is the agitator of the guṇas. Svabhāva is the cause of the change in the guṇas. Jīva is the enjoyer. None of these exist apart from the Lord, because the items, except the jīva, are the effects of māyā, and māyā and the jīva are energies of the Lord. The universe is thus a form of Vāsudeva. Thus the answer to the question about the characteristic of the universe (yad-rūpam) is given.
|| 2.5.15 ||
nārāyaṇa-parā vedā devā nārāyaṇāṅgajāḥ |
nārāyaṇa-parā lokā nārāyaṇa-parā makhāḥ ||
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