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Otherwise how is it possible that explicitly dying men like us can see a perfected being like you, whose movements are unknown, and is most munificent?
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- O best of men! I do not know the person who is the cause of my suffering, since I am bewildered by different statements of scripture.
- Some say the self is the cause of suffering. Others say planets are the cause of suffering. Others say karma is the cause. Others say the inherent property of matter is the cause.
- It is certain that the course of the Lord’s māyā is beyond the thought and words of the living entities.
- Pacifying dharma and earth in this way, Parīkṣit took his sharp sword for killing Kali, the cause of adharma.
- Seeing the king intending to kill him he gave up the markings of a king in great fear and bowed his head to Parīkṣit’s feet.
- When you become situated in devatās and men, all sorts of irreligion follow: greed, untruth, theft, vulgarity, giving up dharma, poverty, deceit, quarrel and pride.
- Directed in this way by Parīkṣit, trembling Kali spoke to Parīkṣit who had his sword raised, appearing like Yama ready to kill him.
- When implored again, the king gave the place where there was gold. In that place there will be untruthfulness, intoxication, illicit sex, pride, and enmity.
- This king, the son of Abhimanyu, who, by protecting the earth, has allowed you to be consecrated for performing sacrifice, had such authority.
- vipra-śāpopalambhanaṁ nāma
- On the day that the Lord left the earth, at that very instant, Kali, the source of irreligion, entered the world.
- Kali was an attentive tiger among inattentive men. But what could powerful Kali do to the innocent people since he was afraid of the devotees?
- One day while taking his bow and hunting in the forest, after pursuing animals he became tired, hungry and very thirsty.
- Not seeing water anywhere, he entered the hermitage of a sage, and saw the peaceful sage sitting with closed eyes.
- In anger he placed a dead snake on the shoulder of the sage using the tip of his bow, left the hermitage and returned to his city.
- This is the sin of kings who are like fat crows! It is a sin committed by servants or door-keepers, who are like dogs, acting against their masters.
- By my order Takṣaka will bite this black sheep of his family, offender of my father, trespasser of boundaries.
- O child! When this king, representative of Viṣṇu, disappears, the people, suffering from thieves, like unprotected sheep, will be destroyed in an instant.
- The Lord, the soul of all beings, should forgive the sin committed to your innocent devotee by this boy of immature intelligence.
- The great sage was sorry for the sin committed by his son, but did not think at all that the king had committed an offense when he (the sage) was treated badly.
- Other exalted sages among the devatās, sages of great penance, sages among kings and Aruṇas also came. Welcoming the best of sages, the king bowed his head.
- Having decided in this way the wise king, entrusting the country to his son, sat down facing north on kuśa grass with tips facing east, on the right bank of the river.
- When the best of the kings sat fasting, the devatās in the sky showered the earth with flowers in praise and continually drums sounded in joy.
- We will all remain here until the king, the best of the devotees, gives up his body and attains the supreme planet which is without grief and passion.
- When his guest arrived, Parīkṣit worshipped him with bowed head. The ignorant women and children disappeared. In the worship, Śukadeva sat on a huge seat.
- Otherwise how is it possible that explicitly dying men like us can see a perfected being like you, whose movements are unknown, and is most munificent?
- I ask the supreme guru of the yogīs what is complete perfection and what is to be done at all times for attaining that perfection for a man about to die.
- Being addressed and questioned by the king with sweet words, the great son of Vyāsa, knower of dharma, began to answer.
- O King! There are thousands of topics that can be heard by those who do not inquire about the goal of life, those who are attached to the house and commit five types of violence.
- Deeply attached to his body, children and wife, who are like an army giving protection, though they are false, he sees their destruction but does not see it.
- For persons fixed in jñāna, yoga and karma, gaining such a birth, with remembrance of Nārāyaṇa while rejecting the other processes, is the best.
- O descendent of the Kurus! But you have seven days remaining in your life. Make all necessary arrangements in this time for your destination after death.
- The body of the universal form is more solid than the solid. Within that form, the past, present and future of the universe, the products of the Lord, are seen.
- Pātala are his soles, Rasātala is his heels, Mahātala is his ankles and Talātala is his calves.
- O best of the Kurus! The clouds are his hair. Twilight is his clothing. Avaykta-prakṛti is his intelligence. The moon is his mind, the shelter of all change.
- They say that mahat-tattva is his citta. Rudra is his false ego. Horses, mules, camels and elephants are his nails. All animals are his hips.
- Meditating on the Puruṣa in the Heart
- He is decorated with valuable belt, rings, anklets, and bracelets. His attractive, smiling face is surrounded by spotless, glossy, curly black locks of hair.
- The unchanging Lord reviewed three times the Vedas completely with his intelligence, and determined that process which produces prema in the self.
- Auspiciousness arises for the worshippers of devatās if firm devotion for the Lord arises from association with devotees.
- aunaka said: Hearing the explanations, what else did the King, best of the Bharata lineage, ask the wise sage Śukadeva?
- O learned Sūta! You should tell that to us, who desire to hear. Topics which conclude in discussion of the Lord will certainly appear in the assembly of great devotees.
- Both by rising and by setting, the sun decreases the duration of life of everyone, except one who utilizes the time by discussing topics of the Supreme Lord.
- Do not the trees live long life? Do not the bellows breathe? Do not the village animals and animal-like men eat and mate?
- He completely gave up attachment to body, wife, sons, house, animals, wealth, friends, kingdom, which is constant and strong in others.
- O great devotees! The intelligent Parīkṣit, full of faith in hearing Kṛṣṇa’s activities, asked this question to Śukadeva which you have asked me.
- Sūta said: Being thus requested by the King to speak about the qualities of the Lord, Śukadeva, remembering the Lord of the senses, prepared to answer.
- I offer continual respects to the Lord with all auspicious qualities, whose glorification, remembrance, deity form, topics and worship immediately destroy the impurities of man.
- O King! Brahmā, filled with the Vedas, taught this knowledge, which the Lord had directly spoke to him, to Nārada who asked about it.
- Nārada said: O lord of lords! O creator of the living beings! O first born! You know that knowledge which reveals the truth about the ātmā and Paramātmā.
COMMENTARY
Parīkṣit (viṣṇurātaḥ) worshipped him while bowing with his head. The women and children then disappeared. Śukadeva sat on a huge throne which was offered as part of the worship. The sandhi in sopaviveśa is poetic license.
|| 1.19.30 ||
sa saṁvṛtas tatra mahān mahīyasāṁ
brahmarṣi-rājarṣi-devarṣi-saṅghaiḥ |
vyarocatālaṁ bhagavān yathendur
graharkṣa-tārā-nikaraiḥ parītaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
The greatest among the great, Śukadeva, seated there, surrounded by the crowd of sages among brāhmaṇas, sages among kings and sages among devatās shone like the moon surrounded by groups of planets, constellations, and stars.
COMMENTARY
There, sitting on the throne, Śukadeva, greatest among the great, surrounded by the sages, shone like the moon surrounded by the planets and stars. The planets are Venus and others. The constellations are Aśvini and others. The stars are all other luminaries in the sky. Brahmarṣis are headed by Vaśiṣṭha. Rājarṣis are headed by Ārṣṭiṣeṇa. Devaṛsis are headed by Nārada.
|| 1.19.31 ||
praśāntam āsīnam akuṇṭha-medhasaṁ
muniṁ nṛpo bhāgavato 'bhyupetya |
praṇamya mūrdhnāvahitaḥ kṛtāñjalir
natvā girā sūnṛtayānvapṛcchat ||
TRANSLATION
The devotee king, approaching the sage peacefully sitting with unlimited knowledge, offered his respects with his head, folded his hands, again offered respects and then inquired with sweet words.
COMMENTARY
To ask a question he again offered respects. With sweet (sūnṛtayā) words he asked Śukadeva who had unlimited intelligence in all subjects (akuṇṭha-medhasam).
|| 1.19.32-33 ||
parīkṣid uvāca—
aho adya vayaṁ brahman sat-sevyāḥ kṣatra-bandhavaḥ |
kṛpayātithi-rūpeṇa bhavadbhis tīrthakāḥ kṛtāḥ ||
yeṣāṁ saṁsmaraṇāt puṁsāṁ sadyaḥ śuddhyanti vai gṛhāḥ |
kiṁ punar darśana-sparśa-pāda-śaucāsanādibhiḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Parīkṣit said:
O brāhmaṇa! Today we low kṣatriyas have become respected by the saints because we have been purified by your coming as a guest out of your mercy. Simply from remembering you, men’s houses even become immediately purified. What to speak of seeing, touching, washing your feet and giving you a seat!
COMMENTARY
Parīkṣit speaks in eight verses. O brāhmaṇa! We low kṣatriyas have become respected by the saints because we have been purified (tīrthakāḥ kṛtāḥ) by your coming as a guest. By remembering you, or by being remembered by you, our houses become purified, what to speak of the bodies of our wives and sons.
|| 1.19.34 ||
sānnidhyāt te mahā-yogin pātakāni mahānty api |
sadyo naśyanti vai puṁsāṁ viṣṇor iva suretarāḥ ||
TRANSLATION
O great yogī! The greatest sins are destroyed immediately by closeness to you, just as the demons are destroyed by closeness to the Lord.
|| 1.19.35 ||
api me bhagavān prītaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ pāṇḍu-suta-priyaḥ |
paitṛ-ṣvasreya-prīty-arthaṁ tad-gotrasyātta-bāndhavaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Because of affection for his cousins the Pāṇḍavas, Lord Kṛṣṇa, dear to the Pāṇḍavas, has shown friendship with me, their descendent, by sending you.
COMMENTARY
Paternal cousins of Kṛṣṇa were the Pāṇḍavas. Kṛṣṇa has made friendship with me belonging to that family. You have been sent by him to deliver me.
|| 1.19.36 ||
anyathā te ’vyakta-gater darśanaṁ naḥ kathaṁ nṛṇām |
nitarāṁ mriyamāṇānāṁ saṁsiddhasya vanīyasaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
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