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He had gone out from his city to gather tribute with his troops along with chariots, horses, and elephants on a chariot with lion flag, pulled by black horses and well decorated.
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- Having completed the actions for the devatās, he is waiting for the remaining activities. While he remains on earth, you should consider all things as objects of attachment.
- Do not be an obstacle to Dhṛtarāṣṭra who has renounced all actions! O king! Five days from now he will give up his body. He will turn himself to ashes.
- While his body is being burned along with the cottage, the noble wife, situated outside, will enter the fire to follow her husband.
- Saying this, Nārada with his vīṇa ascended to Svarga. Yudhiṣṭhira, taking those words in his heart, gave up his lamentation.
- Seeing the men’s sinful qualities filled with greed and the extremely inauspicious symptoms appearing according to time, he spoke to Bhīma.
- From him, by his mercy we have attained wealth, kingdom, wives, life, family, citizens, victory over enemies, and the higher worlds.
- This pigeon, a messenger of death, the owl which is making my mind tremble and the crow desire to empty the universe with their harsh cries.
- The calves do not drink milk and the cows do not give milk. The cows wail with tearful faces and the bulls do not enjoy the fields.
- O Arjuna! Are our relatives, the Madhus, Bhojas, Daśārhas, Arhas, Sātvatas, Andhakas and Vṛṣṇīs well in Dvārakā?
- Is Lord Govinda, who is kind to the brāhmaṇas and affectionate to the devotees, happily presiding over the Sudharmā hall surrounded by his friends in the city?
- Were you struck by harsh words without affection? Did you fail to give what you had promised to someone who requested from you and then remained silent?
- Giver of shelter, did you perhaps reject brāhmaṇas, children, cows, elders, invalids and women, and other living beings, who took shelter of you?
- pāṇḍava-svargārohaṇaṁ nāma
- Just as a dead person without life becomes repulsive, the world which is separated from Kṛṣṇa even for a moment appears repulsive.
- O best of kings! Without the lord, my dear friend, companion, my mind being vacant, while protecting his queens on the road, like a weakling, I was defeated by criminal cowherds.
- According to common vision only, the destruction of the Yadus occurred by the will of the Lord, because actually living beings themselves cause their own survival and destruction.
- When I remember the words of Govinda which were suitable to place, time and subject, and which calmed the pain in my heart, those words break my heart.
- When Arjuna contemplated the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa with deep affection, his intelligence, regaining steadiness, became calm.
- Regarding both burdens equally, the Lord separated himself from that portion of the Yadus by which he removed the burden of the earth, like removing a thorn with another thorn.
- He enthroned Vajra as the king of Śūrasena in Mathurā and then being capable, performing pṛajāpatya sacrifice, placed within himself the fires.
- Giving up all clothing and bracelets, he was free of thoughts of “I” and “mine” and the unlimited bonds of attraction.
- He wore torn cloth, did not eat, stopped speaking, shaved his head, and showed himself as a dumb or insane person or a ghost.
- Vidura also, by absorbing his mind in Kṛṣṇa, gave up his body at Prabhāsa and went to his abode escorted by Pitṛs.
- parīkṣite dharma-pṛthvī-saṁvādo nāma
- He married Iṛāvatī, the daughter of king Uttara, and bore four sons starting with Janamejaya.
- He had gone out from his city to gather tribute with his troops along with chariots, horses, and elephants on a chariot with lion flag, pulled by black horses and well decorated.
- Conquering Bhadrāśva, Ketumāla, Bhārata, the northern Kuru provinces, and other countries such as Kimpuruṣa, he received taxes.
- Hear from me the most astonishing event that suddenly occurred while he was following this procedure of the previous kings daily.
- O best of the devatās! I lament for myself and you, and for the devatās, Pitṛs, sages, devotees and all the varṇas and āśramas.
- While the earth and dharma were conversing, the king named Parīkṣit came to the Sarasvatī River flowing east.
- atha saptadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
- Situated in his chariot, with his bow poised, in a voice deep as thunder, he questioned the śūdra dressed in gold.
- Except for your tears, the tears of living beings have never fallen on the earth which was ruled by the Kuru kings and well protected by arms of punishment.
- Son of Surabhī! You have four legs. Who has cut off three of your legs? There should never be such a condition in the state ruled by kings following Kṛṣṇa.
- O best of men! I do not know the person who is the cause of my suffering, since I am bewildered by different statements of scripture.
- Some say the self is the cause of suffering. Others say planets are the cause of suffering. Others say karma is the cause. Others say the inherent property of matter is the cause.
- It is certain that the course of the Lord’s māyā is beyond the thought and words of the living entities.
- Pacifying dharma and earth in this way, Parīkṣit took his sharp sword for killing Kali, the cause of adharma.
- Seeing the king intending to kill him he gave up the markings of a king in great fear and bowed his head to Parīkṣit’s feet.
- When you become situated in devatās and men, all sorts of irreligion follow: greed, untruth, theft, vulgarity, giving up dharma, poverty, deceit, quarrel and pride.
- Directed in this way by Parīkṣit, trembling Kali spoke to Parīkṣit who had his sword raised, appearing like Yama ready to kill him.
- When implored again, the king gave the place where there was gold. In that place there will be untruthfulness, intoxication, illicit sex, pride, and enmity.
- This king, the son of Abhimanyu, who, by protecting the earth, has allowed you to be consecrated for performing sacrifice, had such authority.
- vipra-śāpopalambhanaṁ nāma
- On the day that the Lord left the earth, at that very instant, Kali, the source of irreligion, entered the world.
- Kali was an attentive tiger among inattentive men. But what could powerful Kali do to the innocent people since he was afraid of the devotees?
- One day while taking his bow and hunting in the forest, after pursuing animals he became tired, hungry and very thirsty.
- Not seeing water anywhere, he entered the hermitage of a sage, and saw the peaceful sage sitting with closed eyes.
- In anger he placed a dead snake on the shoulder of the sage using the tip of his bow, left the hermitage and returned to his city.
- This is the sin of kings who are like fat crows! It is a sin committed by servants or door-keepers, who are like dogs, acting against their masters.
COMMENTARY
Ṛtam means the true object, Kṛṣṇa.
|| 1.16.8 ||
ihopahūto bhagavān mṛtyuḥ śāmitra-karmaṇi
na[75] kaścin mriyate tāvad yāvad āsta ihāntakaḥ |
TRANSLATION
The Lord as death has been called here to this sacrifice of animals. As long as he is here, no one will die.
COMMENTARY
How can we hear auspicious talks about Kṛṣṇa if we are perishable? In this place (iha) there is animal sacrifice with death as the executioner. Death has been called for that. Then what happens? No one dies.
|| 1.16.9 ||
etad-arthaṁ hi bhagavān āhūtaḥ paramarṣibhiḥ |
aho nṛ-loke pīyeta hari-līlāmṛtaṁ vacaḥ[76] ||
TRANSLATION
The sages have called death here so that no one dies. Therefore, men should drink the words containing sweet pastimes of the Lord.
COMMENTARY
Then what should men do? They should drink the nectar of the Lord’s pastimes.
|| 1.16.10 ||
mandasya manda-prajñasya vayo mandāyuṣaś ca vai |
nidrayā hriyate naktaṁ divā ca vyartha-karmabhiḥ ||
TRANSLATION
The lives of those who are lazy, foolish and short lived, are wasted at night in sleeping and in the day by useless actions.
COMMENTARY
Anything other than hearing about the Lord is useless.
|| 1.16.11 ||
sūta uvāca—
yadā parīkṣit kuru-jāṅgale 'vasat
kaliṁ praviṣṭaṁ nija-cakravartite |
niśamya vārtām anatipriyāṁ tataḥ
śarāsanaṁ saṁyuga-śauṇḍir ādade ||
TRANSLATION
Sūta said: When Parīkṣit, expert in battle, was staying in Kuru-jāṅgala inspecting his kingdom, hearing the rather unpleasant news that Kali had entered, he took up his bow.
COMMENTARY
When Parīkṣit was inspecting his kingdom protected by his troops, hearing the rather unpleasant news that Kali had entered, he took up his bow. It was somewhat pleasant also, since he had the opportunity to punish him. This is expression is used to make it the subject of discussion later. This sentence is connected with the next verse. Śauṇḍi means skilful. An alternative version is saṁyuga-śauriḥ with the same meaning.
|| 1.16.12 ||
svalaṅkṛtaṁ śyāma-turaṅga-yojitaṁ
rathaṁ mṛgendra-dhvajam āśritaḥ purāt |
vṛto rathāśva-dvipapatti-yuktayā
sva-senayā dig-vijayāya nirgataḥ ||
TRANSLATION
|| 1.16.13 ||
bhadrāśvaṁ ketumālaṁ ca bhārataṁ cottarān kurūn |
kimpuruṣādīni varṣāṇi vijitya jagṛhe balim ||
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