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Do not be an obstacle to Dhṛtarāṣṭra who has renounced all actions! O king! Five days from now he will give up his body. He will turn himself to ashes.
Содержание книги
- The actors, dancers, singers, reciters, bards and eulogists sang about the astonishing activities of the Lord.
- Entering the house of his parents, embraced by seven mothers, headed by Devakī, he offered respects with his head to them.
- Hearts trembling with joy, milk flowing from their breasts, they put Kṛṣṇa on their laps, and moistened them with their tears.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, like his father, freed from personal desires by engaging in service to the Lord, satisfied and protected the citizens.
- O son of Bhṛgu! The courageous hero Parīkṣit in the womb of his mother, burned by the heat of the weapon, saw the form of the Lord.
- Yudhiṣṭhira had the brāhmaṇas such as Dhaumya and Kṛpācārya chant auspicious verses such as puṇyāham and perform the birth rites.
- O great souls! Will this son follow our lineage of reputed saintly kings with fame and good praise?
- He is the best of archers like Arjuna and Kārtavīrya, is intolerable as fire and is insurmountable as the ocean.
- He is impartial to all beings like Yudhiṣṭhira, easily satisfied like Śiva, and the shelter of all living beings like Nārāyaṇa.
- O king! Having discerned the truth about the Lord from the son of Vyāsa, giving up his body on the bank of the Gaṅgā, he will certainly attain the Lord.
- atha trayodaśo ’dhyāyaḥ
- Having learned about Kṛṣṇa, the goal of the jīva, from Maitreya while on pilgrimage, Vidura came to Hastināpura with a desire to teach that.
- Agitated by the longing created by separation, they shed tears of love. The king had him accept a seat and worshipped him.
- As you wandered over the earth, what did you do for maintenance? What major holy places did you serve on the earth?
- As long as Yama passed his life for a hundred years as a śudra because of a curse, Aryamā performed his duties of punishing the sinful in an appropriate way.
- O master! The supremely powerful time which no one can stop has approached us all.
- What is the use of life maintained by food given by those whom you tried to burn, poison, whose wife you insulted, and whose land and wealth you stole?
- Therefore, go to the north, somewhere unknown to your relatives. Then time, destroyer of most of man’s qualities, will come.
- Has he thrown himself in the Gaṅgā along with his wife, out of sorrow, with all his children dead, while contemplating my foolish offense?
- When our father Pāṇḍu departed, these two protected all us children, who were their relatives, from dangers. From this place, where have they gone?
- O king! Do not lament for anything, because this world is dependent on the Lord. The Lord to who even the devatās carry offerings joins and separates the living beings.
- Just as the items used in playing are brought together and separated by the will of the player, humans are brought together and separated by the will of the Lord.
- This body of five elements is dependent on time, karma and the material ingredients. How can a person, as if bitten by a snake, protect others?
- He, the lord of Dvārakā, protector of all beings, has appeared in the form of time to destroy the demons.
- Having completed the actions for the devatās, he is waiting for the remaining activities. While he remains on earth, you should consider all things as objects of attachment.
- Do not be an obstacle to Dhṛtarāṣṭra who has renounced all actions! O king! Five days from now he will give up his body. He will turn himself to ashes.
- While his body is being burned along with the cottage, the noble wife, situated outside, will enter the fire to follow her husband.
- Saying this, Nārada with his vīṇa ascended to Svarga. Yudhiṣṭhira, taking those words in his heart, gave up his lamentation.
- Seeing the men’s sinful qualities filled with greed and the extremely inauspicious symptoms appearing according to time, he spoke to Bhīma.
- From him, by his mercy we have attained wealth, kingdom, wives, life, family, citizens, victory over enemies, and the higher worlds.
- This pigeon, a messenger of death, the owl which is making my mind tremble and the crow desire to empty the universe with their harsh cries.
- The calves do not drink milk and the cows do not give milk. The cows wail with tearful faces and the bulls do not enjoy the fields.
- O Arjuna! Are our relatives, the Madhus, Bhojas, Daśārhas, Arhas, Sātvatas, Andhakas and Vṛṣṇīs well in Dvārakā?
- Is Lord Govinda, who is kind to the brāhmaṇas and affectionate to the devotees, happily presiding over the Sudharmā hall surrounded by his friends in the city?
- Were you struck by harsh words without affection? Did you fail to give what you had promised to someone who requested from you and then remained silent?
- Giver of shelter, did you perhaps reject brāhmaṇas, children, cows, elders, invalids and women, and other living beings, who took shelter of you?
- pāṇḍava-svargārohaṇaṁ nāma
- Just as a dead person without life becomes repulsive, the world which is separated from Kṛṣṇa even for a moment appears repulsive.
- O best of kings! Without the lord, my dear friend, companion, my mind being vacant, while protecting his queens on the road, like a weakling, I was defeated by criminal cowherds.
- According to common vision only, the destruction of the Yadus occurred by the will of the Lord, because actually living beings themselves cause their own survival and destruction.
- When I remember the words of Govinda which were suitable to place, time and subject, and which calmed the pain in my heart, those words break my heart.
- When Arjuna contemplated the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa with deep affection, his intelligence, regaining steadiness, became calm.
- Regarding both burdens equally, the Lord separated himself from that portion of the Yadus by which he removed the burden of the earth, like removing a thorn with another thorn.
- He enthroned Vajra as the king of Śūrasena in Mathurā and then being capable, performing pṛajāpatya sacrifice, placed within himself the fires.
- Giving up all clothing and bracelets, he was free of thoughts of “I” and “mine” and the unlimited bonds of attraction.
- He wore torn cloth, did not eat, stopped speaking, shaved his head, and showed himself as a dumb or insane person or a ghost.
- Vidura also, by absorbing his mind in Kṛṣṇa, gave up his body at Prabhāsa and went to his abode escorted by Pitṛs.
- parīkṣite dharma-pṛthvī-saṁvādo nāma
- He married Iṛāvatī, the daughter of king Uttara, and bore four sons starting with Janamejaya.
- He had gone out from his city to gather tribute with his troops along with chariots, horses, and elephants on a chariot with lion flag, pulled by black horses and well decorated.
COMMENTARY
The process of aṣṭāṅga-yoga that he performed is described in four verses. The niyamas are bathing, sacrifice and taking water as food. The yamas are calming the mind (upaśāntātmā) and destroying attachments (vigataiṣaṇaḥ). Āsana, prāṇāyāmaand pratyāhārā are described in the third line. Dhāraṇā and dhyāna are described in the last line.
|| 1.13.55-56 ||
vijñānātmani saṁyojya kṣetrajñe pravilāpya tam |
brahmaṇy ātmānam ādhāre ghaṭāmbaram ivāmbare ||
dhvasta-māyā-guṇodarko niruddha-karaṇāśayaḥ |
nivartitākhilāhāra āste sthāṇur[57] ivācalaḥ ||
TRANSLATION
Meditating on merging the false ego into the mahat-tattva, merging the mahat-tattva into the jīva, merging the jīva into the brahman, and merging the paramātmā into bhagavān, the supreme shelter, like merging the sky in the pot into the sky, he has destroyed the impressions arising from the guṇas of māyā, controlled the senses and mind. Stopping all enjoyment of the senses (or eating), he remains without movement like a pillar.
COMMENTARY
Merging the elements of his body into the senses, merging the false ego (ātmānam) into the mahat-tattva (vijñānātmani), merging the mahat-tattva into the jīva (kṣetra-jñe), perceiving it as such, and merging the jīva into the brahman, merging the paramātmā situated in the body (ātmānam) into bhagavān, the Lord (ādhāre), the āśraya-tattva, the aṁśī. But it is well known that paramātmā and bhagavān are one. That is true, but though they are one, there is a functional difference. This is explained through an example. It is like air in a pot and the air, like the limited sky and the unlimited sky. The sky in the pot and the sky outside the pot are actually one since the sky is all-pervading. Lack of deviation is described. Deviation arises from internal disturbance of the guṇas or from external agitation of the senses. Dhṛtarāṣṭra has neither because he has destroyed the results of the guṇas of māyā, the impressions of desires. Therefore he has controlled the senses and mind.
|| 1.13.57 ||
tasyāntarāyo maivābhūḥ sannyastākhila-karmaṇaḥ |
sa vā adyatanād rājan parataḥ pañcame ’hani |
kalevaraṁ hāsyati svaṁ tac ca bhasmī-bhaviṣyati ||
TRANSLATION
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