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Having learned about Kṛṣṇa, the goal of the jīva, from Maitreya while on pilgrimage, Vidura came to Hastināpura with a desire to teach that.
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- Yudhiṣṭhira, hearing what he had said, then asked Bhīṣma, lying on a bed of arrows, about various dharmas while the sages were listening.
- The ignorant, who were like birds who think that day has been destroyed at the approach of evening, thought that Bhīṣma had attained the brahman, became silent.
- O Śaunaka of the Bhṛgu dynasty! Yudhiṣṭhira had last rites of the departed Bhīṣma performed and became sad for a moment.
- rī-kṛṣṇa-dvārakā-gamanaṁ nāma
- The rivers, oceans, mountains, trees, shrubs, and herbs of that kingdom yielded their products in every season.
- While Yudhiṣṭhira ruled, the living beings suffered no anxieties, sickness or inconveniences caused by nature, other living beings or themselves.
- Looking upon him with unblinking eyes, their hearts melted, they became filled with affection, and moved wherever he moved.
- Mṛdaṅgas, conches, bheris, vīṇas, paṇavas, gomukhas, dhundhuris, ānakas, bells and dundubhis began to sound.
- Acknowledging the words of the women of Hastināpura who had spoken in this way, with smiles and glances, Kṛṣṇa departed.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, worried about enemies, out of affection engaged an army of four parts[40] for the protection of Kṛṣṇa.
- rī-kṛṣṇa-dvārakā-gamanaṁ nāma
- O Lord! When you leave, how can we maintain our lives, not seeing your attractive face decorated with a pleasing smile, which dries up all miseries with its joyful glances.
- The city appeared splendid with lakes surrounded by pleasure gardens and plantations, with groves of pious trees and creepers giving fruit and flowers of all seasons.
- The city was adorned with full water pots, incense, lamps, offerings, yogurt, rice, fruits and sugar cane stalks at the door of every house.
- The actors, dancers, singers, reciters, bards and eulogists sang about the astonishing activities of the Lord.
- Entering the house of his parents, embraced by seven mothers, headed by Devakī, he offered respects with his head to them.
- Hearts trembling with joy, milk flowing from their breasts, they put Kṛṣṇa on their laps, and moistened them with their tears.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, like his father, freed from personal desires by engaging in service to the Lord, satisfied and protected the citizens.
- O son of Bhṛgu! The courageous hero Parīkṣit in the womb of his mother, burned by the heat of the weapon, saw the form of the Lord.
- Yudhiṣṭhira had the brāhmaṇas such as Dhaumya and Kṛpācārya chant auspicious verses such as puṇyāham and perform the birth rites.
- O great souls! Will this son follow our lineage of reputed saintly kings with fame and good praise?
- He is the best of archers like Arjuna and Kārtavīrya, is intolerable as fire and is insurmountable as the ocean.
- He is impartial to all beings like Yudhiṣṭhira, easily satisfied like Śiva, and the shelter of all living beings like Nārāyaṇa.
- O king! Having discerned the truth about the Lord from the son of Vyāsa, giving up his body on the bank of the Gaṅgā, he will certainly attain the Lord.
- atha trayodaśo ’dhyāyaḥ
- Having learned about Kṛṣṇa, the goal of the jīva, from Maitreya while on pilgrimage, Vidura came to Hastināpura with a desire to teach that.
- Agitated by the longing created by separation, they shed tears of love. The king had him accept a seat and worshipped him.
- As you wandered over the earth, what did you do for maintenance? What major holy places did you serve on the earth?
- As long as Yama passed his life for a hundred years as a śudra because of a curse, Aryamā performed his duties of punishing the sinful in an appropriate way.
- O master! The supremely powerful time which no one can stop has approached us all.
- What is the use of life maintained by food given by those whom you tried to burn, poison, whose wife you insulted, and whose land and wealth you stole?
- Therefore, go to the north, somewhere unknown to your relatives. Then time, destroyer of most of man’s qualities, will come.
- Has he thrown himself in the Gaṅgā along with his wife, out of sorrow, with all his children dead, while contemplating my foolish offense?
- When our father Pāṇḍu departed, these two protected all us children, who were their relatives, from dangers. From this place, where have they gone?
- O king! Do not lament for anything, because this world is dependent on the Lord. The Lord to who even the devatās carry offerings joins and separates the living beings.
- Just as the items used in playing are brought together and separated by the will of the player, humans are brought together and separated by the will of the Lord.
- This body of five elements is dependent on time, karma and the material ingredients. How can a person, as if bitten by a snake, protect others?
- He, the lord of Dvārakā, protector of all beings, has appeared in the form of time to destroy the demons.
- Having completed the actions for the devatās, he is waiting for the remaining activities. While he remains on earth, you should consider all things as objects of attachment.
- Do not be an obstacle to Dhṛtarāṣṭra who has renounced all actions! O king! Five days from now he will give up his body. He will turn himself to ashes.
- While his body is being burned along with the cottage, the noble wife, situated outside, will enter the fire to follow her husband.
- Saying this, Nārada with his vīṇa ascended to Svarga. Yudhiṣṭhira, taking those words in his heart, gave up his lamentation.
- Seeing the men’s sinful qualities filled with greed and the extremely inauspicious symptoms appearing according to time, he spoke to Bhīma.
- From him, by his mercy we have attained wealth, kingdom, wives, life, family, citizens, victory over enemies, and the higher worlds.
- This pigeon, a messenger of death, the owl which is making my mind tremble and the crow desire to empty the universe with their harsh cries.
- The calves do not drink milk and the cows do not give milk. The cows wail with tearful faces and the bulls do not enjoy the fields.
- O Arjuna! Are our relatives, the Madhus, Bhojas, Daśārhas, Arhas, Sātvatas, Andhakas and Vṛṣṇīs well in Dvārakā?
- Is Lord Govinda, who is kind to the brāhmaṇas and affectionate to the devotees, happily presiding over the Sudharmā hall surrounded by his friends in the city?
- Were you struck by harsh words without affection? Did you fail to give what you had promised to someone who requested from you and then remained silent?
- Giver of shelter, did you perhaps reject brāhmaṇas, children, cows, elders, invalids and women, and other living beings, who took shelter of you?
śrī-nārada-vākyaṁ nāma
|| 1.13.1 ||
sūta uvāca—
viduras tīrtha-yātrāyāṁ maitreyād ātmano gatim |
jñātvāgād dhāstinapuraṁ tayāvāpta-vivitsitaḥ[48] ||
TRANSLATION
Sūta said:
Having learned about Kṛṣṇa, the goal of the jīva, from Maitreya while on pilgrimage, Vidura came to Hastināpura with a desire to teach that.
COMMENTARY
Gatim means Kṛṣṇa. Tayā avāpta-vivitsitaḥ means “he who attained all that he desired by that knowledge.” Vivitsitaḥ comes from the verb vit, meaning “to attain,” in desiderative form.
The thirteenth chapter describes the arrival of Vidura, Dhṛtarāṣṭra leaving the palace on the instruction of Vidura, and Nārada’s instructions to allay the lamentation of Yudhiṣṭhira, in order to describe the coronation of Parīkṣit, just as the story of Aśvatthāmā throwing the brahmāstra was told in relation to Parīkṣit’s birth.
Having told about Parīkṣit’s birth, before telling about how Kali was punished by Parīkṣit, first the coronation will be described. But to describe the coronation, first the arrival of Vidura and the departure of Dhṛtarāṣṭra on the instruction of Vidura, the arrival of Arjuna, and the departure of the Pāṇḍavas are described in three chapters.
|| 1.13.2 ||
yāvataḥ kṛtavān praśnān kṣattā kauṣāravāgrataḥ |
jātaika-bhaktir govinde tebhyaś copararāma ha ||
TRANSLATION
Having asked sufficient questions to Maitreya, Vidura, ceased asking any more when he heard about pure devotion to Govinda.
COMMENTARY
“He gave up questioning” means he did not have any more desires to hear further, because all other questions are useless once bhakti has appeared.
|| 1.13.3-5 ||
taṁ bandhum āgataṁ dṛṣṭvā dharma-putraḥ sahānujaḥ |
dhṛtarāṣṭro yuyutsuś ca sūtaḥ śāradvataḥ pṛthā ||
gāndhārī draupadī brahman subhadrā cottarā kṛpī |
anyāś ca jāmayaḥ pāṇḍor jñātayaḥ sasutāḥ striyaḥ ||
pratyujjagmuḥ praharṣeṇa prāṇaṁ tanva ivāgatam |
abhisaṅgamya vidhivat pariṣvaṅgābhivādanaiḥ ||
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