Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma Meet the Inhabitants of Vṛndāvana

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COMMENTARY

Sudāmā was simply astonished at the sight of his wife. As he wondered, “Who is this demigod’s wife approaching such a fallen soul as me?” the maidservants informed him, “This is indeed your wife.” Immediately Sudāmā’s body became young and beautiful, bedecked in fine clothing and jewelry. The word prītaḥ here indicates that these changes gave Sudāmā considerable pleasure. Sudāmā and his wife then entered the house which rivaled Indra’s celestial abode in opulence.

The Viṣṇu-sahasrāṇām, “Thousand Names of Viṣṇu” contained in the Mahābhārata, describes Kṛṣṇa as the one who brought the treasure of Indra to earth for His devotee beggar Śridāmā (sridāmā-raṅka-bhaktārtha-bhūmy-ānītendra-vaibhavaḥ).

|| 10.81.29-32 ||

payaḥ-phena-nibhāḥ śayyā dāntā rukma-paricchadāḥ

paryaṅkā hema-daṇḍāni cāmara-vyajanāni ca

āsanāni ca haimāni mṛdūpastaraṇāni ca

muktādāma-vilambīni vitānāni dyumanti ca

svaccha-sphaṭika-kuḍyeṣu mahā-mārakateṣu ca

ratna-dīpān bhrājamānān lalanā ratna-saṁyutāḥ

vilokya brāhmaṇas tatra samṛddhīḥ sarva-sampadām

tarkayām āsa nirvyagraḥ sva-samṛddhim ahaitukīm

TRANSLATION

In Sudāmā’s home were beds as soft and white as the foam of milk, with bedsteads made of ivory and ornamented with gold. There were also couches with golden legs, as well as royal cāmara fans, golden thrones, soft cushions and gleaming canopies hung with strings of pearls. Upon the walls of sparkling crystal glass, inlaid with precious emeralds, shone jeweled lamps, and the women in the palace were all adorned with precious gems. As he viewed this luxurious opulence of all varieties, the brāhmaṇa calmly reasoned to himself about his unexpected prosperity.

COMMENTARY

Sudāmā reflected upon the sudden (ahaitukīm) increase in his fortune.

|| 10.81.33 ||

nūnaṁ bataitan mama durbhagasya śaśvad daridrasya samṛddhi-hetuḥ

mahā-vibhūter avalokato ’nyo naivopapadyeta yadūttamasya

TRANSLATION

[Sudāmā thought:] I have always been poor. Certainly the only possible way that such an unfortunate person as myself could become suddenly rich is that Lord Kṛṣṇa, the supremely opulent chief of the Yadu dynasty, has glanced upon Me.

COMMENTARY

Sudāmā thought, “The great opulence of me and this house has happened only by the glance of Śrī Kṛṣṇa.”

|| 10.81.34 ||

nanv abruvāṇo diśate samakṣaṁ yāciṣṇave bhūry api bhūri-bhojaḥ

parjanya-vat tat svayam īkṣamāṇo dāśārhakāṇām ṛṣabhaḥ sakhā me

TRANSLATION

After all, my friend Kṛṣṇa, the most exalted of the Dāśārhas and the enjoyer of unlimited wealth, noticed that I secretly intended to beg from Him. Thus even though He said nothing about it when I stood before Him, He actually bestowed upon me the most abundant riches. In this way He acted just like a merciful rain cloud.

COMMENTARY

Sudāmā thought, “If Kṛṣṇa has bestowed this wealth upon me, then why did He not tell me about it when we met in Dvārakā? Certainly my friend directly speaks and gives abundant wealth to beggars like myself. I surmise that Kṛṣṇa did not mention how He was going to fulfill my unspoken request because at that time He was thinking, ‘My dear friend has given Me these grains of rice, which are greater than all the treasures I own. Even though in his own house he had no such gift to bring Me, he took the trouble of begging it from a neighbor. Therefore it is only proper that I give him something more valuable than all My possessions. But nothing is equal to or greater than what I possess, so all I can do is give him such meager things as the treasures of Indra, Brahmā and other demigods.’”

Embarrassed at being unable to properly reciprocate Sudāmā’s offering, Śrī Kṛṣṇa bestowed His favor on him silently. Kṛṣṇa acted just like a magnanimous rain cloud which provides the necessities of life for everyone near and far but feels ashamed that its rain is too insignificant a gift to give in return for the abundant offerings that farmers make to it. Out of shame the cloud may wait until nighttime when the farmers are asleep before watering their fields. This is the position of Kṛṣṇa, the best of the generous dynasty of Yadus (dāsārhakāṇām ṛṣabhaḥ).

|| 10.81.35 ||

kiñcit karoty urv api yat sva-dattaṁ suhṛt-kṛtaṁ phalgv api bhūri-kārī

mayopaṇītaṁ pṛthukaika-muṣṭiṁ pratyagrahīt prīti-yuto mahātmā

TRANSLATION

The Lord considers even His greatest benedictions to be insigni-ficant, while He magnifies even a small service rendered to Him by His well-wishing devotee. Thus with pleasure the Supreme Soul accepted a single palmful of the flat rice I brought Him.

COMMENTARY

Sudāmā thought, “Kṛṣṇa thought that what He was giving me, though great (uru), was small, and that what I was giving, though insignificant (phalgu), was great. For that reason He accepted the rice offered by me with devotion.”

|| 10.81.36 ||

tasyaiva me sauhṛda-sakhya-maitrī-dāsyaṁ punar janmani janmani syāt

mahānubhāvena guṇālayena viṣajjatas tat-puruṣa-prasaṅgaḥ

TRANSLATION

The Lord is the supremely compassionate reservoir of all transcendental qualities. Life after life may I serve Him with love, friendship and sympathy, and may I cultivate such firm attachment for Him by the precious association of His devotees.

COMMENTARY

Sudāmā thought, “May I have affection (sauhṛdam:sneha) toward Kṛṣṇa who is so compassionate to His devotees.” The word sakhyam means affinity manifested in the desire to live in Kṛṣṇa’s association. Maitrī means the attitude of intimate comradeship, and dāsyam means the urge to do service.

|| 10.81.37 ||

bhaktāya citrā bhagavān hi sampado rājyaṁ vibhūtīr na samarthayaty ajaḥ

adīrgha-bodhāya vicakṣaṇaḥ svayaṁ paśyan nipātaṁ dhanināṁ madodbhavam

TRANSLATION

To a devotee who lacks spiritual insight, the Supreme Lord will not grant the wonderful opulences of this world-kingly power and material assets. Indeed, in His infinite wisdom the unborn Lord well knows how the intoxication of pride can cause the downfall of the wealthy.

COMMENTARY

Someone might ask, “So you have devotion and the result of that devotion is gaining wealth?” In this verse Sudāmā replies by saying, “No, I do not have bhakti, and attaining material wealth is not the result of bhakti.”

Sudāmā thought, “A great saint like Prahlāda Mahārāja can avoid becoming contaminated by immeasurable wealth, power and fame, but I must always be wary of temptation in my new situation.” After obtaining wealth, Sudāmā thought, “What is the use of it?”

Although surrounded by material opulence, Sudāmā only enjoyed what was necessary to maintain himself. Fixed in his vows, Sudāmā continued sleeping on the earth. He became completely absorbed in hearing and chanting about Kṛṣṇa and rendering other forms of devotional service. Kṛṣṇa does not give as much material wealth as a neophyte devotee may desire, but only what will promote his spiritual advancement. However some say that Kṛṣṇa will give unlimited wealth to assist the devotional service of His premi-bhaktas, loving devotees.

|| 10.81.38 ||

itthaṁ vyavasito buddhyā bhakto ’tīva janārdane

viṣayān jāyayā tyakṣyan bubhuje nāti-lampaṭaḥ

TRANSLATION

[Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] Thus firmly fixing his determination by means of his spiritual intelligence, Sudāmā remained absolutely devoted to Lord Kṛṣṇa, the shelter of all living beings. Free from avarice, he enjoyed, together with his wife, the sense pleasures that had been bestowed upon him, always with the idea of eventually renouncing all sense gratification.

|| 10.81.39 ||

tasya vai deva-devasya harer yajña-pateḥ prabhoḥ

brāhmaṇāḥ prabhavo daivaṁ na tebhyo vidyate param

TRANSLATION

Lord Hari is the God of all gods, the master of all sacrifices, and the supreme ruler. But He accepts the saintly brāhmaṇas as His masters, and so there exists no deity higher than them.

COMMENTARY

Though Kṛṣṇa is affectionate to His devotees, He is famous for being affectionate to the brāhmaṇas. Kṛṣṇa is the supreme master (prabhoḥ) of everyone, yet He accepts the brāhmaṇas as His masters (prabhavaḥ). Even though Kṛṣṇa is the God of all gods (deva-devasya), the brāhmaṇas are His deities. Kṛṣṇa is the master of all sacrifices (yajña-pateḥ), but He happily worships the brāhmaṇas.

|| 10.81.40 ||

evaṁ sa vipro bhagavat-suhṛt tadā dṛṣṭvā sva-bhṛtyair ajitaṁ parājitam

tad-dhyāna-vegodgrathitātma-bandhanas tad-dhāma lebhe ’cirataḥ satāṁ gatim

TRANSLATION

Thus seeing how the unconquerable Supreme Lord is nonetheless conquered by His own servants, the Lord’s dear brāhmaṇa friend felt the remaining knots of material attachment within his heart being cut by the force of his constant meditation on the Lord. In a short time he attained Lord Kṛṣṇa’s supreme abode, the destination of great saints.

COMMENTARY

This verse shows how Sudāmā got free from material attachment and attained the wealth of Kṛṣṇa’s abode. Seeing that the unconquerable Lord is conquered by His servants, Sudāmā returned to his previous nature and meditated on Kṛṣṇa.

|| 10.81.41 ||

etad brahmaṇya-devasya śrutvā brahmaṇyatāṁ naraḥ

labdha-bhāvo bhagavati karma-bandhād vimucyate

TRANSLATION

The Lord always shows brāhmaṇas special favor. Anyone who hears this account of the Supreme Lord’s kindness to brāhmaṇas will come to develop love for the Lord and thus become freed from the bondage of material work.

Thus ends the commentary on the Eighty-first Chapter of the Tenth Canto of the Bhāgavatam for the pleasure of the devotees, in accordance with the previous ācāryas.

Chapter Eighty-two

|| 10.82.1 ||

śrī-śuka uvāca

athaikadā dvāravatyāṁ vasato rāma-kṛṣṇayoḥ

sūryoparāgaḥ su-mahān āsīt kalpa-kṣaye yathā

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