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The Sages’ Teachings at Kuruksetra
Содержание книги
- The people in the royal palace were astonished to see Kṛṣṇa, the Lord of spotless glory, so lovingly honor this shabbily dressed brāhmaṇa.
- Then, as the sun set, the forest was covered by darkness in every direction, and with all the flooding we could not distinguish high land from low.
- Our guru, Sāndīpani, understanding our predicament, set out after sunrise to search for us, his disciples, and found us in distress.
- The Lord Blesses Sudāmā Brāhmaṇa
- If one offers Me with love and devotion a leaf, a flower, a fruit or water, I will accept it.
- After saying this, the Supreme Lord ate one palmful and was about to eat a second when the devoted goddess Rukmiṇī took hold of His hand.
- Devotional service to His lotus feet is the root cause of all the perfections a person can find in heaven, in liberation, in the subterranean regions and on earth.
- Thinking “If this poor wretch suddenly becomes rich, he will forget Me in his intoxicating happiness,” the compassionate Lord did not grant me even a little wealth.
- With pleasure he took his wife with him and entered his house, where there were hundreds of gem-studded pillars, just as in the palace of Lord Mahendra.
- Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma Meet the Inhabitants of Vṛndāvana
- Knowing of this eclipse in advance, O King, many people went to the holy place known as Samanta-pañcaka in order to earn pious credit.
- Queen Kuntī said: My dear, respectable brother, I feel that my desires have been frustrated, because although all of you are most saintly, you forgot me during my calamities.
- Friends and family members—even children, brothers and parents—forget a dear one whom Providence no longer favors.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: Vasudeva, Ugrasena and the other Yadus honored the various kings, who became supremely blissful and content upon seeing Lord Acyuta.
- Raising their two sons onto their laps and holding Them in their arms, Nanda and saintly mother Yaśodā forgot their sorrow.
- Lord Kṛṣṇa said:] My dear girīfriends, do you still remember Me? It was for My relatives’ sake that I stayed away so long, intent on destroying My enemies.
- Do you perhaps think I’m ungrateful and thus hold Me in contempt? After all, it is the Supreme Lord who brings living beings together and then separates them.
- Draupadī Meets the Queens of Kṛṣṇa
- Feeling greatly honored, King Yudhiṣṭhira and the others, freed of all sinful reactions by seeing the feet of the Lord of the universe, gladly answered His inquiries.
- My father, Bṛhatsena, was by nature compassionate to his daughter, and knowing how I felt, O saintly lady, he arranged to fulfill my desire.
- Kettledrums resounded in the sky, and on the earth people shouted “Jaya! Jaya!” Overjoyed, demigods showered flowers.
- The leading kings there could not tolerate my having chosen the Supreme Personality of Godhead, O Draupadī. Burning with lust, they became quarrelsome.
- Dāruka drove the Lord’s gold-trimmed chariot as the kings looked on, O Queen, like small animals helplessly watching a lion.
- My father honored his friends, family and in-laws with priceless clothing and jewelry and with royal beds, thrones and other furnishings.
- Thus, by renouncing all material association and practicing austere penances, we queens have all become personal maidservants of the self-satisfied Supreme Lord.
- The Sages’ Teachings at Kuruksetra
- The Supreme Lord said: Now our lives are indeed successful, for we have obtained life’s ultimate goal: the audience of great yoga masters, which even demigods only rarely obtain.
- Seeing that they were about to leave, the renowned Vasudeva approached the sages. After bowing down to them and touching their feet, he spoke to them with carefully chosen words.
- In this world familiarity breeds contempt. For example, one who lives on the banks of the Ganges might travel to some other body of water to be purified.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] The sages then spoke again, O King, addressing Vasudeva while all the kings, along with Lord Acyuta and Lord Rāma, listened.
- This is the most auspicious path for a religious householder of the twice-born orders—to selflessly worship the Personality of Godhead with wealth honestly obtained.
- O most respectful one, may a person who wants the highest benefit in life never gain kingly opulence, for it leaves him blind to the needs of his own family and friends.
- Unable to withdraw their minds from Lord Govinda’s lotus feet, where they had surrendered them, Nanda and the cowherd men and women returned to Mathurā.
- Arjuna Kidnaps Subhadrā, and Kṛṣṇa Blesses His Devotees
- One day Lord Balarāma brought him to His home as His invited dinner guest, and Arjuna ate the food the Lord respectfully offered him.
- There he saw the wonderful maiden Subhadrā, who was enchanting to heroes. His eyes opened wide with delight, and his mind became agitated and absorbed in thoughts of her.
- Lord Balarāma then happily sent the bride and groom very valuable wedding gifts consisting of elephants, chariots, horses and male and female servants.
- By the will of Providence he obtained each day just what he needed for his maintenance, and no more. Satisfied with this much, he properly executed his religious duties.
- Hearing that Lord Acyuta had arrived, O King, the residents of the cities and villages of Videha joyfully came forth to receive Him with offerings in their hands.
- Both the King of Mithilā and Śrutadeva fell at the Lord’s feet, each thinking that the spiritual master of the universe had come there just to show him mercy.
- What person who knows this truth would ever abandon Your lotus feet, when You are ready to give Your very self to peaceful sages who call nothing their own?
- Appearing in the Yadu dynasty, You have spread Your glories, which can remove all the sins of the three worlds, just to deliver those entrapped in the cycle of birth and death.
- Please stay a few days in our house, along with these brāhmaṇas, O all-pervading one, and with the dust of Your feet sanctify this dynasty of Nimi.
- With the wash water, the virtuous Śrutadeva copiously sprinkled himself, his house and his family. Overjoyed, he felt that all his desires had now been fulfilled.
- The Lord is like a sleeping person who creates a separate world in his imagination and then enters his own dream and sees himself within it.
- O Lord, You are that Supreme Soul, and we are Your servants. How shall we serve You? My Lord, simply seeing You puts an end to all the troubles of human life.
- Prayers by the Personified Vedas
- Thus the ancient saints who travel in the upper heavens distilled this nectarean and confidential essence of all the Vedas and Purāṇas.
- Lord Śiva Saved from Vṛkāsura
- When he becomes frustrated in his attempts to make money and instead befriends My devotees, I bestow My special mercy upon him.
TRANSLATION
O saintly lady, we do not desire dominion over the earth, the sovereignty of the King of heaven, unlimited facility for enjoyment, mystic power, the position of Lord Brahmā, immortality or even attainment of the kingdom of God. We simply desire to carry on our heads the glorious dust of Lord Kṛṣṇa’s feet, enriched by the fragrance of kuṅkuma from His consort’s bosom.
COMMENTARY
The queens said, “We do not want lordship of the earth, of Indraloka (svā rājyam), nor the enjoyment of all material pleasures (bhaujyam) or mystic powers (vividhaṁ virājate), nor the position of Lord Brahmā (pārameṣṭhyam), nor immortality (ānantyam), nor any type of liberation such as living on the same planet as Hari (hari padam).”
“Then what do you desire?”
“We want the dust of Kṛṣṇa’s (etasya) lotus feet, enriched with the fragrance of kuṅkuma from the breast of the goddess of fortune (śriyaḥ).”
The goddess of fortune mentioned here is not Lakṣmī, the consort of Nārāyaṇa. For Lakṣmī-devī also desired to attain Kṛṣṇa as stated by the wives of Kāliya: yad-vāñchayā śrīr lalanācarat tapo, “To attain the dust of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet the goddess of fortune performed austerities for centuries, giving up all other desires and taking austere vows.” (SB 10.16.36) Uddhava has said: nāyaṁ śriyo ’ṅga u nitānta-rateḥ prasādaḥ, “The gopīs received benedictions from Kṛṣṇa that neither Lakṣmī-devī nor the most beautiful dancers in the heavenly planets could attain.” (SB 10.47.60) From this we can understand that Lakṣmī-devī never received that benediction.
|| 10.83.43 ||
vraja-striyo yad vāñchanti pulindyas tṛṇa-vīrudhaḥ
gāvaś cārayato gopāḥ pada-sparśaṁ mahātmanaḥ
TRANSLATION
We desire the same contact with the Supreme Lord’s feet that the young women of Vraja, the cowherd boys and even the aborigine Pulinda women desire—the touch of the dust He leaves on the plants and grass as He tends His cows.
COMMENTARY
Śrī in the word śrīyaḥ (verse 42) cannot refer to Rukmiṇī either. The present verse says that the women of Vraja (vraja-striyo) also desire the dust of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet. Once the Vraja-gopīs confessed their anxiety to Uddhava: kasmāt kṛṣṇa ihāyāti prāpta-rājyo hatāhitaḥ narendra-kanyā udvāhya,“Why should Kṛṣṇa come back here after winning a kingdom, killing His enemies and marrying the daughters of kings?” (SB 10.47.45) The gopīs said this with envy towards Rukmiṇī and the other queens who are their competitors for Kṛṣṇa’s love. Thus, the gopīs could not desire anything related to Rukmiṇī. The Śrī referred to here is none other than Śrīmati Rādhikā, the supreme goddess of fortune identified by the Bṛhad-gautamīya-tantra:
devī kṛṣṇa-mayī proktā rādhikā para-devatā
sarva-lakṣmī-mayī sarva kāntiḥ sammohinī parā
“The transcendental goddess Rādhikā is the direct counterpart of Kṛṣṇa. Rādhā contains within Her all the goddesses of fortune. Rādhikā possesses all the attractiveness to attract Śrī Kṛṣṇa, reality the beautiful. Śrīmati Rādhikā is the primeval internal potency of Śrī Kṛṣṇa.”
The queens of Dvārakā said, “The intimate girlfriends of Rādhā desire to touch the dust of Kṛṣṇa’s feet, which is enriched with the fragrance of the kuṅkuma from Śrī Rādhā’s beautiful breasts. Even the aborigine women of Vṛndāvana (Pulindas) also desire this reddish powder when they see it smeared on the grass and plants (tṛṇa-vīrudhaḥ) as stated by the phrase (tṛṇa-rūṣitena) in the Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: (10.21.17).
“While Kṛṣṇa tends the cows (gāvaś) His intimate cowherd boyfriends (priya-narma-sakhas) also desire this dust. Some boys like Subala, having thoughts of attaining sentiments like the gopīs, not only desire it but they also want to be directly touched by Kṛṣṇa’s feet as described here by the word (pada-sparśaṁ). Therefore, we queens of Dvārakā also hanker for this.”
The word pada-sparśaṁ (touch of the feet) can also be a modifier of the word pāda-rajaḥ in verse 42 which means foot dust. Thus the meaning would be: “The gopīs desire the dust which touches Kṛṣṇa’s feet.”
The eight principal queens headed by Rukmiṇī felt so fortunate and satisfied in their relationship with Kṛṣṇa in Dvārakā that they had no desire to attain the dust of His feet. However, the sixteen thousand lesser queens, after meeting Uddhava in a secluded place and hearing about the prema-rasa of Vraja, became very attracted to touching the dust that falls from Kṛṣṇa’s feet onto the grass and plants of Vṛndāvana. These queens became especially eager after hearing about the superexcellent quality of Śrī Rādhā’s beauty, character, loving devotion, good fortune and sweetness by which She brings Śrī Kṛṣṇa under Her control.
Thus some commentators give this as the reason why, after the mauṣala-līlā (Kṛṣṇa’s disappearance pastime), these sixteen thousand queens were stolen from Arjuna on the road by Kṛṣṇa Himself in the disguise of sixteen thousand cowherds, who then took them away to Gokula.
Thus ends the commentary on the Eighty-third Chapter of the Tenth Canto of the Bhāgavatam for the pleasure of the devotees, in accordance with the previous ācāryas.
Chapter Eighty-four
|| 10.84.1 ||
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrutvā pṛthā subala-putry atha yājñasenī
mādhavy atha kṣitipa-patnya uta sva-gopyaḥ
kṛṣṇe ’khilātmani harau praṇayānubandhaṁ
sarvā visismyur alam aśru-kalākulākṣyaḥ
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