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Your father, who is sitting here, was brought to me by a foolish, ignorant servant of mine who did not understand his proper duty. Therefore, please forgive us.
Содержание книги
- Govinda, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, fed the cowherd boys with that food of four varieties. Then the all-powerful Lord Himself partook of the preparations.
- One who is neutral may be avoided like an enemy, but a friend should be considered like one’s own self.
- Such being the case, this ritualistic endeavor of yours should be clearly explained to Me. Is it a ceremony based on scriptural injunction, or simply a custom of ordinary society?
- This religious principle is based on sound tradition. Anyone who rejects it out of lust, enmity, fear or greed will certainly fail to achieve good fortune.
- My dear father, our home is not in the cities or towns or villages. Being forest dwellers, we always live in the forest and on the hills.
- Kṛṣṇa then assumed an unprecedented, huge form to instill faith in the cowherd men. Declaring “I am Govardhana Mountain!” He ate the abundant offerings.
- Lord Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana Hill
- Angry Indra sent forth the clouds of universal destruction, known as Sāṁvartaka. Imagining himself the supreme controller, he spoke as follows.
- I will follow you to Vraja, riding on my elephant Airāvata and taking with me the swift and powerful wind-gods to decimate the cowherd village of Nanda Mahārāja.
- Propelled by the fearsome wind-gods, the clouds blazed with lightning bolts and roared with thunder as they hurled down hailstones.
- The cows and other animals, shivering from the excessive rain and wind, and the cowherd men and ladies, pained by the cold, all approached Lord Govinda for shelter.
- The Lord then addressed the cowherd community: O Mother, O Father, O residents of Vraja, if you wish you may now come under this hill with your cows.
- You should have no fear that this mountain will fall from My hand. And don’t be afraid of the wind and rain, for your deliverance from these afflictions has already been arranged.
- While all living creatures looked on, the Supreme Personality of Godhead put down the hill in its original place, just as it had stood before.
- My dear Parīkṣit, the demigods in heaven resoundingly played their conchshells and kettledrums, and the best of the Gandharvas, led by Tumburu, began to sing.
- The cowherd men said:] Since this boy performs such extra-ordinary activities, how could He warrant a birth among worldly men like us—a birth that for Him would seem contemptible?
- How could this seven-year-old boy playfully hold up the great hill Govardhana with one hand, just as a mighty elephant holds up a lotus flower?
- After arranging for the mighty Lord Balarāma to kill the terrible demon Pralamba, Kṛṣṇa saved Vraja’s cowherd boys and their animals from a forest fire.
- Dear Nanda, how is it that we and all the other residents of Vraja cannot give up our constant affection for your son? And how is it that He is so spontaneously attracted to us?
- For many reasons, this beautiful son of yours sometimes appeared previously as the son of Vasudeva. Therefore, those who are learned sometimes call this child Vāsudeva.
- For this son of yours there are many forms and names according to His transcendental qualities and activities. These are known to me, but people in general do not understand them.
- Lord Indra and Mother Surabhi Offer Prayers
- My dear Lord, when my sacrifice was disrupted I became fiercely angry because of false pride. Thus I tried to destroy Your cowherd community with severe rain and wind.
- Indra, you may now go. Execute My order and remain in your ap-pointed position as King of heaven. But be sober, without false pride.
- Kṛṣṇa Rescues Nanda Mahārāja
- Your father, who is sitting here, was brought to me by a foolish, ignorant servant of mine who did not understand his proper duty. Therefore, please forgive us.
- O Kṛṣṇa, O seer of everything, please give Your mercy even to me. O Govinda, You are most affectionate to Your father. Please take him home.
- Thus deeply considering the situation, the all-merciful Supreme Personality of Godhead Hari revealed to the cowherd men His abode, which is beyond material darkness.
- Kṛṣṇa and the Gopīs Meet for the Rāsa Dance
- Some of the gopīs, however, could not manage to get out of their houses, and instead they remained home with eyes closed, meditating upon Him in pure love.
- Seeing that the girls of Vraja had arrived, Lord Kṛṣṇa, the best of speakers, greeted them with charming words that bewildered their minds.
- Lord Kṛṣṇa said: O most fortunate ladies, welcome. What may I do to please you? Is everything well in Vraja? Please tell Me the reason for your coming here.
- This night is quite frightening, and frightening creatures are lurking about. Return to Vraja, slender-waisted girls. This is not a proper place for women.
- Not finding you at home, your mothers, fathers, sons, brothers and husbands are certainly searching for you. Don’t cause anxiety for your family members.
- The highest religious duty for a woman is to sincerely serve her husband, behave well toward her husband’s family and take good care of her children.
- For a woman from a respectable family, petty adulterous affairs are always condemned. They bar her from heaven, ruin her reputation and bring her difficulty and fear.
- Lord Keśava, seeing the gopīs too proud of their good fortune, wanted to relieve them of this pride and show them further mercy. Thus He immediately disappeared.
- The Gopīs Search for Kṛṣṇa
- O kurabaka tree, O aśoka, O nāga, punnāga and campaka, has Balarāma’s younger brother, whose smile removes the audacity of all proud women, passed this way?
- O most kind tulasī, to whom the feet of Govinda are so dear, have you seen that infallible one walk by, wearing you and encircled by swarms of bees?
- O mālati, O mallikā, O jāti and yūthikā, has Mādhava gone by here, giving you pleasure with the touch of His hand?
- Having spoken these words, the gopīs, distraught from searching for Kṛṣṇa, began to act out His various pastimes, fully absorbed in thoughts of Him.
- Don’t be afraid of the wind and rain,” said one gopī. “I will save you.” And with that she lifted her shawl above her head.
- Then another gopī spoke up: My dear cowherd boys, look at this raging forest fire! Quickly close your eyes and I will easily protect you.
- O girls! The dust of Govinda’s lotus feet is so sacred that even Brahmā, Śiva and the goddess Ramā take that dust upon their heads to dispel sinful reactions.
- She cried out: O master! My lover! O dearmost, where are You? Where are You? Please, O mighty-armed one, O friend, show Yourself to Me, Your poor servant!
- She told them how Mādhava had given Her much respect, but how She then suffered dishonor because of Her misbehavior. The gopīs were extremely amazed to hear this.
- The gopīs again came to the bank of the Kālindī. Meditating on Kṛṣṇa and eagerly hoping He would come, they sat down together to sing of Him.
- The Gopīs Songs of Separation (Gopī-gītā)
- One gopī joyfully took Kṛṣṇa’s hand between her folded palms, and another placed His arm, anointed with sandalwood paste, on her shoulder.
TRANSLATION
Śrī Bādarāyaṇi said: Having worshiped Lord Janārdana and fasted on the Ekādaśī day, Nanda Mahārāja entered the water of the Kālindī on the Dvādaśī to take his bath.
COMMENTARY
This chapter describes Varuṇa’s kidnapping of Nanda and his prayers to Kṛṣṇa. Hearing about this incident from Nanda Mahārāja, the cowherd men became very surprised. Kṛṣṇa then showed them Goloka Vṛndāvana in the spiritual world. Śukadeva Gosvāmī tells this pastime of Kṛṣṇa forgiving Varuṇa for his offense because he remembered it while narrating the story of Kṛṣṇa forgiving Indra.
|| 10.28.2 ||
taṁ gṛhītvānayad bhṛtyo varuṇasyāsuro ’ntikam
avajñāyāsurīṁ velāṁ praviṣṭam udakaṁ niśi
TRANSLATION
Because Nanda Mahārāja entered the water in the dark of night, disregarding that the time was inauspicious, a demoniac servant of Varuṇa seized him and brought him to his master.
COMMENTARY
The servant of Varuṇa who arrested Nanda Mahārāja is stated here to be a demon for several reasons. First, the servant was foolishly ignorant of Nanda Mahārāja’s position as the pastime father of the Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Absolute Truth. Also, Nanda Mahārāja’s intention was to carry out the injunctions of scripture regarding breaking his Ekādaśī fast. Therefore, Varuṇa’s servant should not have arrested Nanda on the technical grounds that he bathed in the Yamunā at an inauspicious time. Later in this chapter Varuṇa himself will say, ajānatā māmakena mūḍhena: “This was done by my ignorant servant, who is a fool.”
|| 10.28.3 ||
cukruśus tam apaśyantaḥ kṛṣṇa rāmeti gopakāḥ
bhagavāṁs tad upaśrutya pitaraṁ varuṇāhṛtam
tad-antikaṁ gato rājan svānām abhaya-do vibhuḥ
TRANSLATION
O King, not seeing Nanda Mahārāja, the cowherd men loudly cried out, “O Kṛṣṇa! O Rāma!” Lord Kṛṣṇa heard their cries and understood that His father had been captured by Varuṇa. Therefore the almighty Lord, who makes His devotees fearless, went to the court of Varuṇadeva.
COMMENTARY
Several cowherd men accompanied Nanda Mahārāja as guards when he went to take his bath at night. When Nanda did not come out of the water, they began to cry out. Though Kṛṣṇa was far away sleeping on His bed of flowers, He heard the cowherd men shouting “Kṛṣṇa! Rāma!”
The word upa-śrutya indicates that Kṛṣṇa heard from close by. Because Kṛṣṇa is all-pervading, He is always very near to everyone. Understanding the situation, Kṛṣṇa rushed there, jumped into the water and went to the court of Varuṇa. Kṛṣṇa was determined to free His father and the other cowherd men from the fear of a mere demigod. Kṛṣṇa is called svānām-abhaya-dah, “relieving the fear of His associates” because by freeing Nanda from Varuṇa’s clutches, Kṛṣṇa relieved the fear of His relatives.
|| 10.28.4 ||
prāptaṁ vīkṣya hṛṣīkeśaṁ loka-pālaḥ saparyayā
mahatyā pūjayitvāha tad-darśana-mahotsavaḥ
TRANSLATION
Seeing that the Lord, Hṛṣīkeśa, had arrived, the demigod Varuṇa worshiped Him with elaborate offerings. Varuṇa was in a state of great jubilation upon seeing the Lord, and he spoke as follows.
|| 10.28.5 ||
śrī-varuṇa uvāca
adya me nibhṛto deho ’dyaivārtho ’dhigataḥ prabho
tvat-pāda-bhājo bhagavann avāpuḥ pāram adhvanaḥ
TRANSLATION
Śrī Varuṇa said: Now my body has fulfilled its function. Indeed, now the goal of my life is achieved, O Lord. Those who accept Your lotus feet, O Personality of Godhead, can transcend the path of material existence.
COMMENTARY
Varuṇa said, “All the thousands of bodies which I have received till now have been useless because in all those lives I did not see You. Today my body has become successful.” That is the indication of the word nibhṛtaḥ which comes from ni for nitaram (complete, successful) and bhṛtaḥ (accepting a body).
Varuṇa said, “Today I have understood what is most valuable. Though I possess all varieties of jewels, until now I have not obtained such a jewel as You. Those who worship Your lotus feet can cross the ocean (adhvan: path) of material existence. How fortunate I am to attain Your darśana without any effort.”
|| 10.28.6 ||
namas tubhyaṁ bhagavate brahmāṇe paramātmane
na yatra śrūyate māyā loka-sṛṣṭi-vikalpanā
TRANSLATION
My obeisances unto You, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Absolute Truth, the Supreme Soul, within whom there is no trace of the illusory energy, which orchestrates the creation of this world.
COMMENTARY
Varuṇa said, “You are approached by the three paths of bhakti, jñāna and yoga. I pay my respects to You as Bhagavān, Brahman and Paramātmā. Those who claim that these realizations are tinged with māyā are wrong. These realizations are not touched by māyā, which makes the various things of this world (loka-sṛṣṭi-vikalpanā).”
|| 10.28.7 ||
ajānatā māmakena mūḍhenākārya-vedinā
ānīto ’yaṁ tava pitā tad bhavān kṣantum arhati
TRANSLATION
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