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Kṛṣṇa then assumed an unprecedented, huge form to instill faith in the cowherd men. Declaring “I am Govardhana Mountain!” He ate the abundant offerings.
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- The sinful Pralamba having been killed, the demigods felt extremely happy, and they showered flower garlands upon Lord Balarāma and praised the excellence of His deed.
- The young gopīs took the greatest pleasure in seeing Govinda come home, since for them even a moment without His association seemed like a hundred ages.
- The Rainy Season and Autumn in Vṛndāvana
- Then the rainy season began, giving life and sustenance to all living beings. The sky began to rumble with thunder, and lightning flashed on the horizon.
- Flashing with lightning, great clouds were shaken and swept about by fierce winds. Just like merciful persons, the clouds gave their lives for the pleasure of this world.
- The Lord saw the joyful aborigine girls of the forest, the trees dripping sweet sap, and the mountain waterfalls, whose resounding indicated that there were caves nearby.
- When it rained, the Lord would sometimes enter a cave or the hollow of a tree to play and to eat roots and fruits.
- While Lord Rāma and Lord Keśava were thus dwelling in Vṛndāvana, the fall season arrived, when the sky is cloudless, the water clear and the wind gentle.
- The Gopīs Glorify the Song of Kṛṣṇa’s Flute (veṇu-gīta)
- Kṛṣṇa Steals the Garments of the Unmarried Gopīs
- One day they came to the riverbank and, putting aside their clothing as they had done before, happily played in the water while singing the glories of Kṛṣṇa.
- Taking the girls’ garments, He quickly climbed to the top of a kadamba tree. Then, as He laughed loudly and His companions also laughed, He addressed the girls jokingly.
- I have never before spoken a lie, and these boys know it. Therefore, O slender-waisted girls, please come forward, either one by one or all together, and pick out your clothes.
- Then, shivering from the painful cold, all the young girls rose up out of the water, covering their pubic area with their hands.
- Then the sun’s heat became intense, Lord Kṛṣṇa saw that the trees were acting as umbrellas by shading Him, and thus He spoke as follows to His boyfriends.
- These trees fulfill one’s desires with their leaves, flowers and fruits, their shade, roots, bark and wood, and also with their fragrance, sap, ashes, pulp and shoots.
- It is the duty of every living being to perform welfare activities for the benefit of others with his life, wealth, intelligence and words.
- He has come a long way with the cowherd boys and Lord Balarāma, tending the cows. Now He is hungry, so some food should be given for Him and His companions.
- Taking along in large vessels the four kinds of foods, full of fine tastes and aromas, all the ladies went forth to meet their beloved, just as rivers flow toward the sea.
- Certainly expert personalities, who can see their own true interest, render unmotivated and uninterrupted devotional service directly unto Me, for I am most dear to the soul.
- Govinda, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, fed the cowherd boys with that food of four varieties. Then the all-powerful Lord Himself partook of the preparations.
- One who is neutral may be avoided like an enemy, but a friend should be considered like one’s own self.
- Such being the case, this ritualistic endeavor of yours should be clearly explained to Me. Is it a ceremony based on scriptural injunction, or simply a custom of ordinary society?
- This religious principle is based on sound tradition. Anyone who rejects it out of lust, enmity, fear or greed will certainly fail to achieve good fortune.
- My dear father, our home is not in the cities or towns or villages. Being forest dwellers, we always live in the forest and on the hills.
- Kṛṣṇa then assumed an unprecedented, huge form to instill faith in the cowherd men. Declaring “I am Govardhana Mountain!” He ate the abundant offerings.
- Lord Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana Hill
- Angry Indra sent forth the clouds of universal destruction, known as Sāṁvartaka. Imagining himself the supreme controller, he spoke as follows.
- I will follow you to Vraja, riding on my elephant Airāvata and taking with me the swift and powerful wind-gods to decimate the cowherd village of Nanda Mahārāja.
- Propelled by the fearsome wind-gods, the clouds blazed with lightning bolts and roared with thunder as they hurled down hailstones.
- The cows and other animals, shivering from the excessive rain and wind, and the cowherd men and ladies, pained by the cold, all approached Lord Govinda for shelter.
- The Lord then addressed the cowherd community: O Mother, O Father, O residents of Vraja, if you wish you may now come under this hill with your cows.
- You should have no fear that this mountain will fall from My hand. And don’t be afraid of the wind and rain, for your deliverance from these afflictions has already been arranged.
- While all living creatures looked on, the Supreme Personality of Godhead put down the hill in its original place, just as it had stood before.
- My dear Parīkṣit, the demigods in heaven resoundingly played their conchshells and kettledrums, and the best of the Gandharvas, led by Tumburu, began to sing.
- The cowherd men said:] Since this boy performs such extra-ordinary activities, how could He warrant a birth among worldly men like us—a birth that for Him would seem contemptible?
- How could this seven-year-old boy playfully hold up the great hill Govardhana with one hand, just as a mighty elephant holds up a lotus flower?
- After arranging for the mighty Lord Balarāma to kill the terrible demon Pralamba, Kṛṣṇa saved Vraja’s cowherd boys and their animals from a forest fire.
- Dear Nanda, how is it that we and all the other residents of Vraja cannot give up our constant affection for your son? And how is it that He is so spontaneously attracted to us?
- For many reasons, this beautiful son of yours sometimes appeared previously as the son of Vasudeva. Therefore, those who are learned sometimes call this child Vāsudeva.
- For this son of yours there are many forms and names according to His transcendental qualities and activities. These are known to me, but people in general do not understand them.
- Lord Indra and Mother Surabhi Offer Prayers
- My dear Lord, when my sacrifice was disrupted I became fiercely angry because of false pride. Thus I tried to destroy Your cowherd community with severe rain and wind.
- Indra, you may now go. Execute My order and remain in your ap-pointed position as King of heaven. But be sober, without false pride.
- Kṛṣṇa Rescues Nanda Mahārāja
- Your father, who is sitting here, was brought to me by a foolish, ignorant servant of mine who did not understand his proper duty. Therefore, please forgive us.
- O Kṛṣṇa, O seer of everything, please give Your mercy even to me. O Govinda, You are most affectionate to Your father. Please take him home.
- Thus deeply considering the situation, the all-merciful Supreme Personality of Godhead Hari revealed to the cowherd men His abode, which is beyond material darkness.
- Kṛṣṇa and the Gopīs Meet for the Rāsa Dance
- Some of the gopīs, however, could not manage to get out of their houses, and instead they remained home with eyes closed, meditating upon Him in pure love.
COMMENTARY
The word govardhana means “that which nourishes the cows.” Since Govardhana Hill provides abundant grass to feed the cows, the cowherd men should worship it because their occupation depends on having healthy, well-fed cows. This is explained in two verses.
Kṛṣṇa said, “Our home is not in the city or village. Because we move around herding cows our home is the forest and mountains.”
|| 10.24.25 ||
tasmād gavāṁ brāhmaṇānām adreś cārabhyatāṁ makhaḥ
ya indra-yāga-sambhārās tair ayaṁ sādhyatāṁ makhaḥ
TRANSLATION
Therefore may a sacrifice for the pleasure of the cows, the brāhmaṇas and Govardhana Hill begin! With all the paraphernalia collected for worshiping Indra, let this sacrifice be performed instead.
COMMENTARY
Kṛṣṇa said, “The blessings of the brāhmaṇas give directly perceivable results to us, therefore we should worship them as well the cows and Govardhana Hill.” Kṛṣṇa speaks this verse after convincing Nanda Mahārāja and others. Kṛṣṇa continued, “Let us perform this sacrifice using the ingredients (sambhārā) meant for Indra.”
|| 10.24.26 ||
pacyantāṁ vividhāḥ pākāḥ sūpāntāḥ pāyasādayaḥ
saṁyāvāpūpa-śaṣkulyaḥ sarva-dohaś ca gṛhyatām
TRANSLATION
Let many different kinds of food be cooked, from sweet rice to vegetable soups! Many kinds of fancy cakes, both baked and fried, should be prepared. And all the available milk products should be taken for this sacrifice.
COMMENTARY
Pākāḥ refers to cooked rice and vegetables. Sūpāntāḥ refers to hot soups and pāyasādayaḥ means sweet rice. Saṁyāvāḥ refers to fried and baked cakes made of wheat flour. Sarva-doha refers to products of the cow such as milk and yogurt.
|| 10.24.27 ||
hūyantām agnayaḥ samyag brāhmaṇair brahma-vādibhiḥ
annaṁ bahu-guṇaṁ tebhyo deyaṁ vo dhenu-dakṣiṇāḥ
TRANSLATION
The brāhmaṇas who are learned in the Vedic mantras must properly invoke the sacrificial fires. Then you should feed the priests with nicely prepared food and reward them with cows and other gifts.
COMMENTARY
Kṛṣṇa speaks this verse to assure the quality of the sacrifice and to inspire faith in everyone. Kṛṣṇa said, “You should engage the brāhmaṇas in performing sacrifices. Afterwards, you should feed them and reward them with cows and money.”
|| 10.24.28 ||
anyebhyaś cāśva-cāṇḍāla-patitebhyo yathārhataḥ
yavasaṁ ca gavāṁ dattvā giraye dīyatāṁ baliḥ
TRANSLATION
After giving the appropriate food to everyone else, including such fallen souls as dogs and dog-eaters, you should give grass to the cows and then present your respectful offerings to Govardhana Hill.
COMMENTARY
Kṛṣṇa speaks this verse in order to make all classes of Vrajavāsīs favorable to His proposal: “Feed everyone from the Brahmin Vaiṣṇavas down to the dogs and dog-eaters. You should feed grass to the cows, and worship Govardhana Hill with sandalwood, flowers and other respectful offerings (baliḥ).”
|| 10.24.29 ||
sv-alaṅkṛtā bhuktavantaḥ sv-anuliptāḥ su-vāsasaḥ
pradakṣiṇāṁ ca kuruta go-viprānala-parvatān
TRANSLATION
After everyone has eaten to his satisfaction, you should all dress and decorate yourselves handsomely, smear your bodies with sandalwood paste and then circumambulate the cows, the brāhmaṇas, the sacrificial fires and Govardhana Hill.
|| 10.24.30 ||
etan mama mataṁ tāta kriyatāṁ yadi rocate
ayaṁ go-brāhmaṇādrīṇāṁ mahyaṁ ca dayito makhaḥ
TRANSLATION
This is My idea, O father, and you may carry it out if it appeals to you. Such a sacrifice will be very dear to the cows, the brāhmaṇas and Govardhana Hill, and also to Me.
COMMENTARY
Kṛṣṇa said, “This sacrifice will be dear to Me (mahyam).”
|| 10.24.31 ||
śrī-śuka uvāca
kālātmanā bhagavatā śakra-darpa-jighāṁsayā
proktaṁ niśamya nandādyāḥ sādhv agṛhṇanta tad-vacaḥ
TRANSLATION
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Lord Kṛṣṇa, who is Himself powerful time, desired to destroy the false pride of Lord Indra. When Nanda and the other senior men of Vṛndāvana heard Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s statement, they accepted His words as proper.
COMMENTARY
Bhagavatā (Śrī Kṛṣṇa) is addressed as kāla-ātmanā (the time force), to indicate that Kṛṣṇa will destroy the sacrifice to Indra. After hearing from Kṛṣṇa, Nanda Mahārāja and the cowherd men accepted His proposal.
|| 10.24.32-33 ||
tathā ca vyadadhuḥ sarvaṁ yathāha madhusūdanaḥ
vācayitvā svasty-ayanaṁ tad-dravyeṇa giri-dvijān
upahṛtya balīn samyag ādṛtā yavasaṁ gavām
go-dhanāni puraskṛtya giriṁ cakruḥ pradakṣiṇam
TRANSLATION
The cowherd community then did all that Madhusūdana had suggested. They arranged for the brāhmaṇas to recite the auspicious Vedic mantras, and using the paraphernalia that had been intended for Indra’s sacrifice, they presented offerings to Govardhana Hill and the brāhmaṇas with reverential respect. They also gave grass to the cows. Then, placing the cows, bulls and calves in front of them, they circumambulated Govardhana.
COMMENTARY
The cowherd men respectfully (ādṛtā) offered the brāhmaṇas and Govardhana Hill (giridvijān) the items meant for Indra. They also gave grass to the cows (gavām), placed the cows in front of them, and circumambulated Govardhana Hill.
|| 10.24.34 ||
anāṁsy anaḍud-yuktāni te cāruhya sv-alaṅkṛtāḥ
gopyaś ca kṛṣṇa-vīryāṇi gāyantyaḥ sa-dvijāśiṣaḥ
TRANSLATION
As the beautifully ornamented cowherd ladies followed along, riding on wagons drawn by oxen, they sang the glories of Lord Kṛṣṇa, and their songs mingled with the brāhmaṇas’ chanting of benedictions.
COMMENTARY
After yoking the bulls to the carts, the cowherd men and women went around Govardhana Hill. Their beautiful songs glorifying Kṛṣṇa blended harmoniously with the brāhmaṇas’ prayers of benediction.
|| 10.24.35 ||
kṛṣṇas tv anyatamaṁ rūpaṁ gopa-viśrambhaṇaṁ gataḥ
śailo ’smīti bruvan bhūri balim ādad bṛhad-vapuḥ
TRANSLATION
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