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Kṛṣṇa Pleases His Devotees
Содержание книги
- Simply because I have promised to return to them, My fully devoted cowherd girlfriends struggle to maintain their lives somehow or other.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus addressed, O King, Uddhava respectfully accepted his master’s message, mounted his chariot and set off for Nanda-gokula.
- After Uddhava had eaten first-class food, been seated comfortably on a bed and been relieved of his fatigue by a foot massage and other means, Nanda inquired from him as follows.
- Nanda Mahārāja said:] My dear most fortunate one, does the son of Śūra fare well, now that he is free and has rejoined his children and other relatives?
- Will Govinda return even once to see His family? If He ever does, we may then glance upon His beautiful face, with its beautiful eyes, nose and smile.
- We were saved from the forest fire, the wind and rain, the bull and serpent demons—from all such insurmountable, deadly dangers—by that very great soul, Kṛṣṇa.
- As mother Yaśodā heard the descriptions of her son’s activities, she poured out her tears, and milk flowed from her breasts out of love.
- Infallible Kṛṣṇa, the Lord of the devotees, will soon return to Vraja to satisfy His parents.
- Having killed Kaṁsa, the enemy of all the Yadus, in the wrestling arena, Kṛṣṇa will now surely fulfill His promise to you by coming back.
- He has no mother, no father, no wife, children or other relatives. No one is related to Him, and yet no one is a stranger to Him. He has no material body and no birth.
- Just as a person who is whirling around perceives the ground to be turning, one who is affected by false ego thinks himself the doer, when actually only his mind is acting.
- The Supreme Lord Hari is certainly not your son alone. Rather, being the Lord, He is the son, Soul, father and mother of everyone.
- When the godly sun had risen, the people of Vraja noticed the golden chariot in front of Nanda Mahārāja’s doorway. “Who does this belong to?” they asked.
- The Song of the Bee (Bhramara-gītā)
- By your great fortune you have established an unexcelled standard of pure devotion for the Lord, Uttamaḥśloka—a standard even the sages can hardly attain.
- By your great fortune you have left your sons, husbands, bodily comforts, relatives and homes in favor of the supreme male, who is known as Kṛṣṇa.
- My good ladies, now please hear your beloved’s message, which I, the confidential servant of my master, have come here to bring you.
- By Myself I create, sustain and withdraw Myself within Myself by the power of My personal energy, which comprises the material elements, the senses and the modes of nature.
- When her lover is far away, a woman thinks of him more than when he is present before her.
- Because your minds are totally absorbed in Me and free from all other engagement, you remember Me always, and so you will very soon have Me again in your presence.
- O saintly one, does Govinda ever remember us during His conversations with the city women? Does He ever mention us village girls as He freely talks with them?
- Who can bear to give up intimate talks with Lord Uttamaḥśloka? Although He shows no interest in her, Goddess Śrī never moves from her place on His chest.
- Dear Uddhava Prabhu, when Kṛṣṇa was here in the company of Saṅkarṣaṇa, He enjoyed all these rivers, hills, forests, cows and flute sounds.
- All the days that Uddhava dwelled in Nanda’s cowherd village seemed like a single moment to the residents of Vraja, for Uddhava was always discussing Kṛṣṇa.
- As Uddhava was about to leave, Nanda and the others approached him bearing various items of worship. With tears in their eyes they addressed him as follows.
- Kṛṣṇa Pleases His Devotees
- Having thus gotten the hard-to-get Supreme Lord by the simple act of offering Him body ointment, unfortunate Trivakrā submitted to that Lord of freedom the following request.
- Trivakrā said:] O beloved, please stay here with me for a few days more and enjoy. I cannot bear to give up Your association, O lotus-eyed one!
- Then Lord Kṛṣṇa, wanting to have some things done, went to Akrūra’s house with Balarāma and Uddhava. The Lord also desired to please Akrūra.
- You both are the original Supreme Person, the cause of the universe and its very substance. Not the slightest subtle cause or manifest product of creation exists apart from You.
- You are indeed the best of Our friends, so please go to Hastināpura and, as the well-wisher of the Pāṇḍavas, find out how they are doing.
- Go and see whether Dhṛtarāṣṭra is acting properly or not. When We find out, We will make the necessary arrangements to help Our dear friends.
- Akrūra’s Mission in Hastināpura
- Kuntīdevī, taking advantage of her brother Akrūra’s visit, approached him confidentially. While remembering her birthplace, she spoke with tears in her eyes.
- Now that I am suffering in the midst of my enemies like a doe in the midst of wolves, will Kṛṣṇa come to console me and my fatherless sons with His words?
- By religiously protecting the earth, delighting your subjects with your noble character, and treating all your relatives equally, you will surely achieve success and glory.
- In this world no one has any permanent relationship with anyone else, O King. We cannot stay forever even with our own body, what to speak of our wife, children and the rest.
- Who can defy the injunctions of the Supreme Lord, who has now descended in the Yadu dynasty to diminish the earth’s burden?
- Kṛṣṇa Establishes the City of Dvārakā
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: When Kaṁsa was killed, O heroic descendant of Bharata, his two queens, Asti and Prāpti, went to their father’s house in great distress.
- This is the purpose of My present incarnation—to relieve the earth of its burden, protect the pious and kill the impious.
- As the women of the city affectionately looked at the Lord, their eyes wide open with love, they scattered flower garlands, yogurt, parched rice and newly grown sprouts upon Him.
- Lord Kṛṣṇa then presented to the Yadu king all the wealth that had fallen on the battlefield—namely, the countless ornaments of the dead warriors.
- Just as the eighteenth battle was about to take place, a barbarian warrior named Kālayavana, sent by Nārada, appeared on the battlefield.
- Translation. Translation. Commentary. Translation. Translation. After thus discussing the matter with balarāma, the Supreme Personality of Godhead had a fortress twelve yojanas in circumference built within the sea. Inside that fort he had a city bui
- Appearing virtually within reach of Kālayavana’s hands at every moment, Lord Hari led the King of the Yavanas far away to a mountain cave.
- Although insulted in this way, the Supreme Lord entered the mountain cave. Kālayavana also entered, and there he saw another man lying asleep.
- Begged by Indra and the other demigods to help protect them when they were terrorized by the demons, Mucukunda defended them for a long time.
- Addressed thus, King Mucukunda took his respectful leave of the demigods and went to a cave, where he lay down to enjoy the sleep they had granted him.
- rī Mucukunda said: Who are You who have come to this mountain cave in the forest, having walked on the thorny ground with feet as soft as lotus petals?
COMMENTARY
Nanda Mahārāja and other Vrajavāsīs held various gifts (nānā-upāyana) in their hands. During Kṛṣṇa’s paugaṇḍa and kaiśora ages (childhood and youth), they had collected many jewels, gold coins and pearl ornaments, and during Kṛṣṇa’s youth, many clothes. Now, in their feelings of separation, they lost interest in keeping these things, so they offered them as gifts to Uddhava.
|| 10.47.66 ||
manaso vṛttayo naḥ syuḥ kṛṣṇa pādāmbujāśrayāḥ
vāco ’bhidhāyinīr nāmnāṁ kāyas tat-prahvaṇādiṣu
TRANSLATION
[Nanda and the other cowherds said:] May our mental functions always take shelter of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet, may our words always chant His names, and may our bodies always bow down to Him and serve Him.
|| 10.47.67 ||
karmabhir bhrāmyamāṇānāṁ yatra kvāpīśvarecchayā
maṅgalācaritair dānai ratir naḥ kṛṣṇa īśvare
TRANSLATION
Wherever we are made to wander about this world by the Supreme Lord’s will, in accordance with the reactions to our fruitive work, may our good works and charity always grant Us love for Lord Kṛṣṇa.
COMMENTARY
Nanda Mahārāja said, “Our dear long-lived Uddhava, we, Kṛṣṇa’s mother and father, have been most hardhearted toward our son, even though He is a great ocean of beauty, good qualities and character, and we remain so even now. We understand that the abundant affection and care we previously showed Kṛṣṇa now appear to have been artificial, since even in His absence we remain alive.”
“King Daśaratha was actually the only real father in this world because he immediately died upon hearing that his son Rāma had gone away. We, on the other hand, do not have even a trace of love for our son Kṛṣṇa. Therefore this omniscient son of ours has rejected us as unqualified parents. Being the Supreme Personality of Godhead, He has used His inconceivable ingenuity to make Devakī and Vasudeva His parents instead. Therefore, Yaśodā and I should be completely condemned as the most unfortunate persons in the three worlds. Nevertheless, perhaps in some future lifetime we may become aware of Kṛṣṇa as He is and become attracted to Him.”
In this way, Nanda Mahārāja prays in two verses. (Texts 66-67)
Nanda Mahārāja’s statement, “May our minds take shelter of Kṛṣṇa’s feet,” is a reversal due to great love. Actually the mind and senses of Nanda and Yaśodā were always absorbed in Kṛṣṇa, but they prayed in this way. This indicates the extreme predominance of the sañcārī-bhāva of dainya or humility within them. Moreover, it is the nature of those who possess kṛṣṇa-prema in the friendly (sakhya-rasa), parental (vātsalya-rasa) or conjugal moods (mādhurya-rasa) to become indifferent to themselves as repositories (āśraya-ālambana) of love for love’s object (viṣaya-ālambana), Kṛṣṇa, due the extreme hopelessness they feel in separation from Kṛṣṇa. Hence in their excessive humility they forget their own proper moods and instead take up the mood of servitude (dāsya-bhāva).
An example of sakhya turning into dāysa is as follows: When Balarāma, near the end of the brahma-vimohana-līlā, thought that “This Kṛṣṇa. being aloof, is not even now confiding in Us,” He developed dāsya-bhāva and said, prāyo māyāstu me bhartur: “This must be the māyā of My Lord.” (SB 10.13.37)
An example of dāsya-bhāva in mādhurya-rasa is as follows: Rādhā said, hā nātha ramaṇa preṣtha...dāsyās te kṛpaṇāyā me: “O master, O enjoyer! Being this wretched maidservant to You.”(SB 10.30.40) And a gopī said, “kvacid api sa kathā naḥ kinkarīnām; “Does Kṛṣṇa ever talk about us, His maidservants?” (SB 10.47.21)
The present verse gives an example of dāsya-bhāva in vātsalya-rasa. The cowherds headed by Nanda Mahārāja said, manaso vṛttayo naḥ syuḥ, kṛṣṇa pādāmbujāsrayāḥ: “May our mental functions always take shelter of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet.” However, although they spoke like this, even in a state of ecstasy Nanda Mahārāja and Yaśodā would never give up their parental relationship with Kṛṣṇa and speak like Vasudeva and Devakī who, due to being overcome with an awareness of Kṛṣṇa’s opulences (aiśvarya-jñāna), said, yuvāṁ na naḥ sutau, “You are not actually our sons.” (SB 10.85.18)
|| 10.47.68 ||
evaṁ sabhājito gopaiḥ kṛṣṇa-bhaktyā narādhipa
uddhavaḥ punar āgacchan mathurāṁ kṛṣṇa-pālitām
TRANSLATION
[Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] O ruler of men, thus honored by the cowherd men with expressions of devotion for Lord Kṛṣṇa, Uddhava went back to the city of Mathurā, which was under Kṛṣṇa’s protection.
COMMENTARY
The word Kṛṣṇa-pālitām indicates that even though Uddhava was very attracted to Vraja, due to being fully devoted to Kṛṣṇa, he returned to Mathurā which was being protected by Kṛṣṇa. Śukadeva Gosvāmī intends to criticize Kṛṣṇa here, for if Kṛṣṇa is protecting Mathurā (mathurāṁ kṛṣṇa-pālitām), why does He not also protect Vraja by coming there?
|| 10.47.69 ||
kṛṣṇāya praṇipatyāha bhakty-udrekaṁ vrajaukasām
vasudevāya rāmāya rājñe copāyanāny adāt
TRANSLATION
After falling down to pay his homage, Uddhava described to Lord Kṛṣṇa the immense devotion of the residents of Vraja. Uddhava also described it to Vasudeva, Lord Balarāma and King Ugrasena and presented to them the gifts of tribute he had brought with him.
COMMENTARY
Uddhava described how the inhabitants of Vraja had unlimitedly more devotion than the residents of Mathurā (bhakty-udrekaṁ vrajaukasām).
Uddhava said, “My dear master, Kṛṣṇa. All the scriptures conclude that You are controlled by pure devotion, attained by devotion and seen only by devotion. Now I have directly seen that among all Your devotees, the Vrajavāsīs have the most intense devotion.” After all, Your father Nanda has said:
śvetī-kṛtākhila-janaṁ, viraheṇa tavādhunā gokulaṁ
kṛṣṇa devarśeḥ, svetadvīpa bhramaṁ dadhe
‘O Kṛṣṇa, everyone in Gokula has turned white in separation from You. This has even fooled the sage among the demigods, Nārada, to mistake Gokula for Śvetadvīpa.” (Bhakti-rasāṁrta sindhu, southern division, third wave, verse 48)
Uddhava continued, “Kṛṣṇa, Your father Nanda Mahārāja was so much bewildered in Your absence that he prayed that his mind would concentrate on You, manaso vṛttayo naḥ syuḥ (verse 66). From this You can understand his overwhelming attraction to You. And Your mother Yaśodā was so choked up that she could not say anything.”
Hearing this, Kṛṣṇa lost control of His mind and senses, and cried loudly in the midst of the public assembly. That night in a secluded place, Uddhava revealed to Kṛṣṇa the blazing subterranean fire of the gopīs love for Him. After Uddhava related to Kṛṣṇa just one day of the divine madness (divyonmāda) of Śrī Rādhā, the crown jewel of His dear gopīs, and Her wonderful prattling (citra-jalpa), Kṛṣṇa stayed up the whole night burning with fever in separation from Rādhikā.
Thus ends the commentary on the Forty Seventh Chapter of the Tenth Canto of the Bhāgavatam for the pleasure of the devotees, in accordance with the previous ācāryas.
Chapter Forty-eight
|| 10.48.1 ||
śrī-śuka uvāca
atha vijñāya bhagavān sarvātmā sarva-darśanaḥ
sairandhryāḥ kāma-taptāyāḥ priyam icchan gṛhaṁ yayau
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