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My good ladies, now please hear your beloved’s message, which I, the confidential servant of my master, have come here to bring you.
Содержание книги
- The Lord told him: O mighty King, We are your subjects, so please command Us. Indeed, because of the curse of Yayāti, no Yadu may sit on the royal throne.
- Even the most elderly inhabitants of the city appeared youthful, full of strength and vitality, for with their eyes they constantly drank the elixir of Lord Mukunda’s lotus face.
- They are the real father and mother who care for, as they would their own sons, children abandoned by relatives unable to maintain and protect them.
- My dear King, then Vasudeva, the son of Śūrasena, arranged for a priest and other brāhmaṇas to perform his two sons’ second-birth initiation.
- After attaining twice-born status through initiation, the Lords, sincere in Their vows, took the further vow of celibacy from Garga Muni, the spiritual master of the Yadus.
- The Supreme Lord Kṛṣṇa addressed the lord of the ocean: Let the son of My guru be presented at once—the one you seized here with your mighty waves.
- O heroes, now please return home. May Your fame sanctify the world, and may the Vedic hymns be ever fresh in Your minds, both in this life and the next.
- Thus receiving Their guru’s permission to leave, the two Lords returned to Their city on Their chariot, which moved as swiftly as the wind and resounded like a cloud.
- The Supreme Lord Hari, who relieves the distress of all who surrender to Him, once took the hand of His fully devoted, dearmost friend Uddhava and addressed him as follows.
- Simply because I have promised to return to them, My fully devoted cowherd girlfriends struggle to maintain their lives somehow or other.
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus addressed, O King, Uddhava respectfully accepted his master’s message, mounted his chariot and set off for Nanda-gokula.
- After Uddhava had eaten first-class food, been seated comfortably on a bed and been relieved of his fatigue by a foot massage and other means, Nanda inquired from him as follows.
- Nanda Mahārāja said:] My dear most fortunate one, does the son of Śūra fare well, now that he is free and has rejoined his children and other relatives?
- Will Govinda return even once to see His family? If He ever does, we may then glance upon His beautiful face, with its beautiful eyes, nose and smile.
- We were saved from the forest fire, the wind and rain, the bull and serpent demons—from all such insurmountable, deadly dangers—by that very great soul, Kṛṣṇa.
- As mother Yaśodā heard the descriptions of her son’s activities, she poured out her tears, and milk flowed from her breasts out of love.
- Infallible Kṛṣṇa, the Lord of the devotees, will soon return to Vraja to satisfy His parents.
- Having killed Kaṁsa, the enemy of all the Yadus, in the wrestling arena, Kṛṣṇa will now surely fulfill His promise to you by coming back.
- He has no mother, no father, no wife, children or other relatives. No one is related to Him, and yet no one is a stranger to Him. He has no material body and no birth.
- Just as a person who is whirling around perceives the ground to be turning, one who is affected by false ego thinks himself the doer, when actually only his mind is acting.
- The Supreme Lord Hari is certainly not your son alone. Rather, being the Lord, He is the son, Soul, father and mother of everyone.
- When the godly sun had risen, the people of Vraja noticed the golden chariot in front of Nanda Mahārāja’s doorway. “Who does this belong to?” they asked.
- The Song of the Bee (Bhramara-gītā)
- By your great fortune you have established an unexcelled standard of pure devotion for the Lord, Uttamaḥśloka—a standard even the sages can hardly attain.
- By your great fortune you have left your sons, husbands, bodily comforts, relatives and homes in favor of the supreme male, who is known as Kṛṣṇa.
- My good ladies, now please hear your beloved’s message, which I, the confidential servant of my master, have come here to bring you.
- By Myself I create, sustain and withdraw Myself within Myself by the power of My personal energy, which comprises the material elements, the senses and the modes of nature.
- When her lover is far away, a woman thinks of him more than when he is present before her.
- Because your minds are totally absorbed in Me and free from all other engagement, you remember Me always, and so you will very soon have Me again in your presence.
- O saintly one, does Govinda ever remember us during His conversations with the city women? Does He ever mention us village girls as He freely talks with them?
- Who can bear to give up intimate talks with Lord Uttamaḥśloka? Although He shows no interest in her, Goddess Śrī never moves from her place on His chest.
- Dear Uddhava Prabhu, when Kṛṣṇa was here in the company of Saṅkarṣaṇa, He enjoyed all these rivers, hills, forests, cows and flute sounds.
- All the days that Uddhava dwelled in Nanda’s cowherd village seemed like a single moment to the residents of Vraja, for Uddhava was always discussing Kṛṣṇa.
- As Uddhava was about to leave, Nanda and the others approached him bearing various items of worship. With tears in their eyes they addressed him as follows.
- Kṛṣṇa Pleases His Devotees
- Having thus gotten the hard-to-get Supreme Lord by the simple act of offering Him body ointment, unfortunate Trivakrā submitted to that Lord of freedom the following request.
- Trivakrā said:] O beloved, please stay here with me for a few days more and enjoy. I cannot bear to give up Your association, O lotus-eyed one!
- Then Lord Kṛṣṇa, wanting to have some things done, went to Akrūra’s house with Balarāma and Uddhava. The Lord also desired to please Akrūra.
- You both are the original Supreme Person, the cause of the universe and its very substance. Not the slightest subtle cause or manifest product of creation exists apart from You.
- You are indeed the best of Our friends, so please go to Hastināpura and, as the well-wisher of the Pāṇḍavas, find out how they are doing.
- Go and see whether Dhṛtarāṣṭra is acting properly or not. When We find out, We will make the necessary arrangements to help Our dear friends.
- Akrūra’s Mission in Hastināpura
- Kuntīdevī, taking advantage of her brother Akrūra’s visit, approached him confidentially. While remembering her birthplace, she spoke with tears in her eyes.
- Now that I am suffering in the midst of my enemies like a doe in the midst of wolves, will Kṛṣṇa come to console me and my fatherless sons with His words?
- By religiously protecting the earth, delighting your subjects with your noble character, and treating all your relatives equally, you will surely achieve success and glory.
- In this world no one has any permanent relationship with anyone else, O King. We cannot stay forever even with our own body, what to speak of our wife, children and the rest.
- Who can defy the injunctions of the Supreme Lord, who has now descended in the Yadu dynasty to diminish the earth’s burden?
- Kṛṣṇa Establishes the City of Dvārakā
- ukadeva Gosvāmī said: When Kaṁsa was killed, O heroic descendant of Bharata, his two queens, Asti and Prāpti, went to their father’s house in great distress.
- This is the purpose of My present incarnation—to relieve the earth of its burden, protect the pious and kill the impious.
TRANSLATION
My good ladies, now please hear your beloved’s message, which I, the confidential servant of my master, have come here to bring you.
COMMENTARY
The gopīs replied, “O Uddhava! In speaking about mahābhāva what is the use of praising us and yourself? You came here to pacify us, so do you have some message from Kṛṣṇa which can remove our sorrow? If you have, please tell us.”
Uddhava replies in this verse: “As the executor of confidential duties (rahas-karaḥ) for my master, I have brought a message from your beloved which will bring you happiness. So please listen!”
|| 10.47.29 ||
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
bhavatīnāṁ viyogo me na hi sarvātmanā kvacit
yathā bhūtāni bhūteṣu khaṁ vāyv-agnir jalaṁ mahī
tathāhaṁ ca manaḥ-prāṇa-bhūtendriya-guṇāśrayaḥ
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Lord said: You are never actually separated from Me, for I am the Soul of all creation. Just as the elements of nature—ether, air, fire, water and earth—are present in every created thing, so I am present within everyone’s mind, life air and senses, and also within the physical elements and the modes of material nature.
COMMENTARY
Kṛṣṇa’s first message, which gives instructions in philosophical knowledge, acts to reveal the unassailable strength of the gopīs’ prema to the most intelligent scholars, and to hide the greatness of their love from the dull minded.
Kṛṣṇa said, “Through Uddhava I am giving the gopīs the nectar of knowledge, but it could not extinguish the fire of their love. Rather that knowledge got consumed by the heat of that fire. Just see the power of their love. The gopīs’ prema has been proven the strongest, because it has rendered useless the jñāna-yoga taught by Me, the Lord of the mind and yoga.”
It is the same as the beginning of the rāsa dance wherein Kṛṣṇa’s instructions on karma-yoga revealed the strength of the gopīs’prema to the confidential devotees. At the same time Kṛṣṇa covered the true glories of their love from fools who presume themselves to be great scholars. Kṛṣṇa cleverly made these “so called scholars” think, “The Supreme Lord, the benefactor of all, has imparted transcen-dental knowledge to the gopīs, who possess the highest category of love for Him, to make it possible for them to attain liberation.”
Due to the extreme confidentiality of this subject, Kṛṣṇa nourishes the wise devotees by bestowing upon them the nectar of prema, while cheating the nondevotees by giving them intoxicating liquor. Thus this verse serves a dual purpose like the Mohinī incarnation, who behaved differently in relation to the devotees and the demons.
Now let us continue with the explanation of the verse. “The Supreme Lord said” (srī-bhagavān uvāca) are Uddhava’s words. The reason is as follows: Uddhava thought, “Though I have great love for Kṛṣṇa, I find it difficult to understand the meaning of His words. Therefore I will reveal the Lord’s message to the gopīs as if He were directly saying it, keeping the ambiguity of His message intact.”
Kṛṣṇa said, “O gopīs! You are never separated from Me, so why are you crying over and over again with a wish die?”
The gopīs responded, “How are You never separate from us?”
Kṛṣṇa’s message [sent through Uddhava]: “I am never separated from you because I am the Supersoul pervading all beings. All the revealed scriptures, the great sages like Gargamuni and the demigods such as Varuṇa say this. Therefore I am always present as the Supersoul within your bodies, which means that you are never separated from Me.”
In this statement, as with Kṛṣṇa’s instructions on dharma at the beginning of the rāsa dance, there are hidden instructions on conjugal dealings in order to prevent the gopīs from criticizing Him later. Indeed, the day after the rāsa-līlā, the gopīs criticized Kṛṣṇa saying, “O crest jewel among lusty boys! Why did you give us instructions on morality on the night of the rāsa dance?”
Kṛṣṇa replied, “O ignorant girls! On that day I was actually giving you instructions on how to enjoy amorous affairs with Me. How did you foolish girls ever conclude that I was teaching about moral principles?” Saying this, Kṛṣṇa then explained the second meaning, as discussing conjugal union, of such statements as rajany esā ghora-rūpā (SB 10.29.19).
Now in the same way, after being separated from Kṛṣṇa for a long time, at their future reunion the gopīs might say, “O Lord of our lives! Why did you send Uddhava to instruct in philosophy when we were dying in separation from You?”
Anticipating that, Kṛṣṇa answers, “O unintelligent girls! I had Uddhava instruct you only in the methods of pure love. How did you conclude that I was teaching about jñāna?”
Kṛṣṇa then proceeds to give another explanation of the present verse which indicates prema not jñāna. “Your separation from Me is not separation in a complete sense, but it is only in terms of the body. Since the word ātmā refers to “body,” “mind,” “intelligence” and “soul,” and since pure love is a function of the ātmā, My ātmā, in the sense of soul, intelligence, mind and senses, is still residing among you all. It was merely My body which I took to Mathurā. Similarly, your senses, intelligence and mind (ātmā) reside with me in Mathurā, and only your bodies remain in Vraja.”
“All scriptures proclaim that I am subservient to pure love. I am not independent in the matter of love. Thus the separation between you and Me, who have a bond of prema, exists only in the separation of our bodies, and this gives rise the sentiments of suffering in separation. Now using that vehicle of separation, prema desires to increase itself to the utmost. Thus, even though I have great longing, how can I immediately bring My body to Vraja? But when that prema, upon reaching its desired level and exhibiting the mood of full separation, ascends to the stage of direct union, only then will I, being dependent on that prema, be obliged to bring My body to Vraja.” By this Kṛṣṇa implies that their bodily separation will disappear in the future.
The external meaning of the second part of the verse is as follows: “But I am present in all beings, since I am the ingredient cause of creation. Within all moving and nonmoving beings are the gross physical elements (bhūtāni). As the supreme cause of everything, I am also the shelter of everything. In other words, I am present in each and every thing, having entered into them.”
For the gopīs, this part of the verse means: “I take shelter of the mind, life air, intelligence, senses and words of you, who are always meditating upon Me in pure love. Taking shelter in each of these, I manifest Myself and thus am always present with you.”
|| 10.47.30 ||
ātmany evātmanātmānaṁ sṛje hanmy anupālaye
ātma-māyānubhāvena bhūtendriya-guṇātmanā
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