When the city was being attacked by old age, the protector of the city, seeing his abode attacked by Yavanas, and himself touched by Prajvāra, became most distressed.

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yavanoparuddhāyatano

grastāyāṁ kāla-kanyayā

puryāṁ prajvāra-saṁsṛṣṭaḥ

pura-pālo 'nvatapyata

When the city was being attacked by old age, the protector of the city, seeing his abode attacked by Yavanas, and himself touched by Prajvāra, became most distressed.

The protector of the city was the snake, the life air.

|| 4.28.14 ||

na śeke so 'vituṁ tatra

puru-kṛcchroru-vepathuḥ

gantum aicchat tato vṛkṣa-

koṭarād iva sānalāt

He could not protect the city. Undergoing great difficulty and quivering to the extreme, he desired to leave the city, just as a snake desires to leave hollow tree which is on fire.

He could not protect the city. He desired to leave just as a snake desire to leave a tree hole which is on fire.

|| 4.28.15 ||

śithilāvayavo yarhi

gandharvair hṛta-pauruṣaḥ

yavanair aribhī rājann

uparuddho ruroda ha

O King! When his limbs were weakened by the Gandharvas and his strength stolen by the Yavanas, his throat became choked up, and he began the death rattle.

As death approached, he made a rattling sound in his throat.

|| 4.28.16 ||

duhitṝḥ putra-pautrāṁś ca

jāmi-jāmātṛ-pārṣadān

svatvāvaśiṣṭaṁ yat kiñcid

gṛha-kośa-paricchadam

ahaṁ mameti svīkṛtya

gṛheṣu kumatir gṛhī

dadhyau pramadayā dīno

viprayoga upasthite

Since he was a foolish householder, accepting me and mine concerning his household, he became miserable at impending separation from his wife. He began to think of his daughters, sons, grandsons, daughters-in-law, sons-in-law, followers, remaining property, house, treasury and furniture.

Yāmi means daughter-in-law. pramadayā viprayote upasthitaḥ means “when separated from a woman.” This does not refer to his intelligence since, when the gross body of the jīva is destroyed, there is no separation of the jīva from the intelligence. This refers to a conditioned jīva’s normal material wife, object of attachment, enjoyed by all the senses. The daughters and others mentioned in this verse also refer to conventional daughters and relatives, not the symbols in the spiritual metaphor. Some say that, at the time of death, the jīva thinks of his wife and sons, not of intelligence, discernment and other elements. Others say that dharmic intelligence was previously represented by his wife Purañjanī, but at the time of death, there is separation from dharmic intelligence, and joining with another intelligence. There are statements such as na mayy anāśite bhuṅkte: his wife would not take her dinner until he had finished his. (SB 4.28.19) This refers to a time before the separation from his dharmic intelligence. This will be explained later. The description in this verse presents the idea “I am not satisfied with my actions of dharma. What should I do? Death is now approaching.”

|| 4.28.18 ||

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