nibodha tātedam ṛtaṁ bravīmi

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yarhi vāva ha rājan sa rāja-putraḥ priyavrataḥ parama-bhāgavato nāradasya caraṇopasevayāñjasāvagata-paramārtha-satattvo brahma-satreṇa dīkṣiṣyamāṇo 'vani-tala-paripālanāyāmnāta-pravara-guṇa-gaṇaikānta-bhājanatayā sva-pitropāmantrito bhagavati vāsudeva evāvyavadhāna-samādhi-yogena samāveśita-sakala-kāraka-kriyā-kalāpo naivābhyanandad yadyapi tad apratyāmnātavyaṁ tad-adhikaraṇa ātmano 'nyasmād asato 'pi parābhavam anvīkṣamāṇaḥ.

O King! When Priyavrata, the son of the King, the greatest of devotees, who had become fully conversant with the highest goal and truth by serving the lotus feet of Nārada, and had attained initiation by meditation on ātmā, was requested by his father Manu to rule the earth because he possessed all the qualities mentioned in the scriptures for kingship, since he was completely absorbed with all his senses and actions in worshipping the Lord through unbroken concentration, he did not welcome the suggestion, though it could not to be refused. He considered that it would be unfavorable for him, since he would display lust and anger in himself when ruling the kingdom.

Priyavrata’s status as an ātmārāma was natural. By the mercy of Nārada, he had become the greatest among devotees. Only by the order of Brahmā did he take up household life. That is stated in this verse. Vāva means certainly. When (yarhi), ordered by his father to do this for protecting the earth, he did not welcome the order, Brahmā made his appearance from his own abode. The sentence continues for two verses. By serving Nārada he quickly (añjasā) became fully knowledgeable of the highest goals and truths, and attained initiation though meditation on ātmā (brahma-satreṇa). Then he became eager to limit himself with determination to experience only the Supreme Lord full of eternity, knowledge and bliss, and not any material object. At that moment, because he steadily manifested all the qualities mentioned in the scriptures for ruling the kingdom, his father Manu asked him to rule the world. “O Priyavrata! Now you must protect the world.” He did not welcome that request. He did not desire to do so because he thought it was not beneficial for him. Why? He was constantly engaged in concentrating without break on the Lord with all his senses and activities. Though what his father said could not be rejected, he protested saying “I will not rule the kingdom.” Why? He considered that he would be affected by improper qualities like lust and anger (asataḥ) in ruling the kingdom.

|| 5.1.7 ||

atha ha bhagavān ādi-deva etasya guṇa-visargasya paribṛṁhaṇānudhyāna-vyavasita-sakala-jagad-abhiprāya ātma-yonir akhila-nigama-nija-gaṇa-pariveṣṭitaḥ sva-bhavanād avatatāra.

Then Brahmā, who understands the intentions of all beings, engaged in meditation on the creation of the universe, appeared on earth from Satyaloka, surrounded by his followers.

Then (atha ha), Brahmā (ādi-devaḥ), always engaged in contemplating the prosperity (paribṛṁhana) of the creation of the universe (guṇa-visargasya), while determining the intentions of all the living beings, just as the king determines the intentions of all his subjects though his servants, surrounded by Marīci and others, as well as the personified Vedas, appeared on earth from Satyaloka to show proof of the dharma to be taught to Priyavrata.

Knowing that Priyavrata, detached since childhood, would leave the house and go to the forest, Manu appointed his younger brother to rule the kingdom. His descendents up to the Pracetās ruled the kingdom. In this way, half of Svāyambhuva Manvantara passed. Dakṣa was born a second time as the son of the Pracetās during Svāyambhuva Manvantara, but with a desire to attain his previous powers, he went to perform austerities. Since there was no king, Manu, seeing no alternative, wanted to bring Priyavrata back from the forest. When he was not able to bring him back, Brahmā came and made Priyavrata rule the kingdom. Priyavrata’s descendents ruled until the fifth Manvantara. Since the third, fourth and fifth Manus, Uttama, Tāmasa and Raivata were the sons of Priyavrata, with only the second Manu Svārociṣa intervening (he was the son of Agni), the sons and grandsons of these Manus ruled as kings over the earth as descendents of Priyavrata’s line. Then at the beginning of the Cākṣuṣa Manvantara, giving up his austerities, Dakṣa (in Uttanapāda’s line) became the King and engaged in producing population.

cākṣuṣe tv antare prāpte prāk-sarge kāla-vidrute

yaḥ sasarja prajā iṣṭāḥ sa dakṣo daiva-coditaḥ

His previous body had been destroyed, but he, the same Dakṣa, inspired by the supreme will, created all the desired living entities in the Cākṣuṣa Manvantara. SB 4.30.49

Since Cākṣuṣa was in the line from Uttānapāda,[25] it should be understood that Svāyambhuva’ descendents reigned until that time. 

|| 5.1.8 ||

sa tatra tatra gagana-tala uḍu-patir iva vimānāvalibhir anupatham amara-parivṛḍhair abhipūjyamānaḥ pathi pathi ca varūthaśaḥ siddha-gandharva-sādhya-cāraṇa-muni-gaṇair upagīyamāno gandha-mādana-droṇīm avabhāsayann upasasarpa.

Like the moon in the sky, Brahmā, worshipped on the way by the chief devatās riding on fleets of airplanes and praised by groups of Siddhas, Gandharvas, Sādhyas, Cāraṇas and sages, approached Gandhamādana Hill, lighting it up as he came close.

This verse describes Brahmā’s spectacular appearance on earth. Saḥ refers to Brahmā. He was worshipped by the chief (parivṛddhaiḥ) devatās who had fleets of airplanes.

|| 5.1.9 ||

tatra ha vā enaṁ devarṣir haṁsa-yānena pitaraṁ bhagavantaṁ hiraṇya-garbham upalabhamānaḥ sahasaivotthāyārhaṇena saha pitā-putrābhyām avahitāñjalir upatasthe.

Nārada, realizing that it was Brahmā, his father by seeing his swan carrier, immediately stood up and with folded hands approached him with articles of worship along with Priyavrata and Svāyambhuva Manu.

Nārada recognized him by the swan carrier. Pitāputrābhyām means by Manu and Priyavrata.

|| 5.1.10 ||

bhagavān api bhārata tad-upanītārhaṇaḥ sūkta-vākenātitarām udita-guṇa-gaṇāvatāra-sujayaḥ priyavratam ādi-puruṣas taṁ sadaya-hāsāvaloka iti hovāca.

O Parīkṣit! After Nārada, Manu and Priyavrata presented offerings, Lord Brahmā, whose glorious appearance of affection for the progeny is glorified constantly by the Vedas, looking at Priyavrata with mercy and a smile, spoke.

It should be understood that Nārada had been giving instructions to Priyavrata at that time, and Manu had come to bring Priyavrata home. Lord (bhagavān) Brahmā, who was presented offerings by Nārada, Manu and Priyavrata, who was glorious for having descended to show affection to his progeny, described profusely by worship of the Vedas, then spoke to Priyavrata. Brahmā had a merciful glance. “I have interrupted his bhakti, jñāna and vairāgya, but even in household life, may his bhakti should increase!” He looked at his grandson with a smile. “To refuse the kingdom is your stubbornness. I will make you rule the kingdom. That is my stubbornness. I will see whose stubbornness will prevail.” 

|| 5.1.11 ||

śrī-bhagavān uvāca

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