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Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa, the original Nārāyaṇa, the puruṣa, who bewilders the world with his energy, secretly moves in the Yādava family.
Содержание книги
- The knower of dharma does not kill an enemy who is a drunkard, or who is inattentive, insane, sleeping, young, a female, immobilised, surrendered, without chariot, or afraid.
- Arriving at his camp, Arjuna, whose friend and driver was Kṛṣṇa, offered Aśvatthāmā to his wife who was lamenting for her killed sons.
- Do not make Kṛpī, the mother of Aśvatthāmā and devoted to her husband, cry as I cry constantly with tearful face, pained by the death of my sons.
- Nakula and Sahadeva, Sātyaki, Arjuna, Kṛsṇa, and the women, were also happy with her words.
- You must fulfill your promise to Draupadī so that she is pacified. You must also act to please Bhīma, Draupadī, me and others.
- The method of killing the fallen brāhmaṇa is by shaving his head, taking away his wealth, and taking away his living place. One should not physically kill him.
- O powerful lord! This arrow of burning iron is pursuing me. O Lord! Let it burn me up! But let it not kill by child!
- O best of sages! Seeing five flaming arrows headed towards them, the Pāṇḍavas then took up their weapons.
- O Śaunaka! Though the brahmāstra is effective and cannot be prevented from acting, on meeting the weapon of Viṣṇu, it became completely ineffective.
- How can we women hope to see you, the object of bhakti for the omniscient, liberated sages?
- I repeatedly offer respects to Kṛṣṇa, the son of Vasudeva, who gave joy to Devakī, who was the child of Nanda and satisfier of the senses of the gopīs.
- I offer respects to you, with lotus navel, wearing a lotus garland, having lotus eyes, and lotus feet.
- O guru of the universe! May we have dangers in such situations continually, because in those dangers we will see you, and by that we will gain release from this material world.
- No one knows the intentions of the Lord who desires to hide himself in human form, who does not show favor or hatred to anyone, and about whom all men have different opinions.
- O soul of the universe! You are unborn and perform no actions, but you take birth and perform activities in the forms of animals, men and aquatics. This is extremely deceptive.
- Some say that you, though unborn, appeared as the son of Vasudeva in Devakī upon their request, in order to protect the world and kill the demons.
- Without your presence who are we, the Pāṇḍavas along with the Yadus with their fame and strength? We are like the senses without the jīva.
- O holder of the club! When you go, this land, marked with the special signs on your feet, will not glow as it does now.
- O brāhmaṇas! Yudhiṣṭhira, thinking of the killing of his friends, overcome with bewilderment arising from affection, due to material thinking, then spoke.
- Because I have killed children, brāhmaṇas, relatives, friends, paternal uncles, cousins, and gurus, I cannot be free from hellish punishments for ten thousand years.
- There is no sin for the king who kills the enemy in a righteous war, protecting the citizens. This rule does not apply to me.
- yudhiṣṭhira-rājya-pralambho nāma
- Having the shelter of brāhmaṇas, dharma and Kṛṣṇa, you should not live your life in suffering since that is dangerous and improper.
- I consider that this, which is unwelcome, has all been done to you by time, which controls the world and its protectors just as the wind controls the clouds.
- O King! No one can understand the plan of Kṛṣṇa because even those engaged in reasoning and scripture are bewildered by that inquiry.
- Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa, the original Nārāyaṇa, the puruṣa, who bewilders the world with his energy, secretly moves in the Yādava family.
- You think of Kṛṣṇa as your cousin, as a dear friend, as your selfless helper, and out of affection made him your counselor, messenger, and charioteer.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, hearing what he had said, then asked Bhīṣma, lying on a bed of arrows, about various dharmas while the sages were listening.
- The ignorant, who were like birds who think that day has been destroyed at the approach of evening, thought that Bhīṣma had attained the brahman, became silent.
- O Śaunaka of the Bhṛgu dynasty! Yudhiṣṭhira had last rites of the departed Bhīṣma performed and became sad for a moment.
- rī-kṛṣṇa-dvārakā-gamanaṁ nāma
- The rivers, oceans, mountains, trees, shrubs, and herbs of that kingdom yielded their products in every season.
- While Yudhiṣṭhira ruled, the living beings suffered no anxieties, sickness or inconveniences caused by nature, other living beings or themselves.
- Looking upon him with unblinking eyes, their hearts melted, they became filled with affection, and moved wherever he moved.
- Mṛdaṅgas, conches, bheris, vīṇas, paṇavas, gomukhas, dhundhuris, ānakas, bells and dundubhis began to sound.
- Acknowledging the words of the women of Hastināpura who had spoken in this way, with smiles and glances, Kṛṣṇa departed.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, worried about enemies, out of affection engaged an army of four parts[40] for the protection of Kṛṣṇa.
- rī-kṛṣṇa-dvārakā-gamanaṁ nāma
- O Lord! When you leave, how can we maintain our lives, not seeing your attractive face decorated with a pleasing smile, which dries up all miseries with its joyful glances.
- The city appeared splendid with lakes surrounded by pleasure gardens and plantations, with groves of pious trees and creepers giving fruit and flowers of all seasons.
- The city was adorned with full water pots, incense, lamps, offerings, yogurt, rice, fruits and sugar cane stalks at the door of every house.
- The actors, dancers, singers, reciters, bards and eulogists sang about the astonishing activities of the Lord.
- Entering the house of his parents, embraced by seven mothers, headed by Devakī, he offered respects with his head to them.
- Hearts trembling with joy, milk flowing from their breasts, they put Kṛṣṇa on their laps, and moistened them with their tears.
- Yudhiṣṭhira, like his father, freed from personal desires by engaging in service to the Lord, satisfied and protected the citizens.
- O son of Bhṛgu! The courageous hero Parīkṣit in the womb of his mother, burned by the heat of the weapon, saw the form of the Lord.
- Yudhiṣṭhira had the brāhmaṇas such as Dhaumya and Kṛpācārya chant auspicious verses such as puṇyāham and perform the birth rites.
- O great souls! Will this son follow our lineage of reputed saintly kings with fame and good praise?
- He is the best of archers like Arjuna and Kārtavīrya, is intolerable as fire and is insurmountable as the ocean.
- He is impartial to all beings like Yudhiṣṭhira, easily satisfied like Śiva, and the shelter of all living beings like Nārāyaṇa.
TRANSLATION
O master! O controller! Of best of the Bharata lineage! Therefore, discerning that the suffering and happiness is dependent only on Kṛṣṇa, follow him and protect the helpless citizens.
COMMENTARY
Discern (vyavasya) that this happiness and suffering (idam) is dependent on the lord (daiva-tantram), but understand that the purpose of giving happiness and distress to his devotee is not easily understood, since it has already been said that his plan is hard to comprehend. Having discerned this, follow Kṛṣṇa (tasya anuvihitaḥ) and protect the citizens who are without a guide (anāthāḥ) to lead them to Kṛṣṇa.
|| 1.9.18 ||
eṣa vai bhagavān sākṣād ādyo nārāyaṇaḥ pumān |
mohayan māyayā lokaṁ gūḍhaś carati vṛṣṇiṣu ||
TRANSLATION
Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa, the original Nārāyaṇa, the puruṣa, who bewilders the world with his energy, secretly moves in the Yādava family.
COMMENTARY
“But how can you say that it is all dependent on the Lord and that no one knows the plan of the Lord, when the Lord is at this moment right in front of you? How can you not know his plan when you can ask him?” In reply, Bhīṣma speaks this verse. “He bewilders us with his energy.” Even if asked by Bhīṣma, the Lord will not speak, but instead will evade him by answering, “Am I so intelligent?” Even if he says something, he still bewilders everyone. Therefore his plan is to be followed, but is not subject to inquiry.
|| 1.9.19 ||
asyānubhāvaṁ bhagavān veda guhyatamaṁ śivaḥ |
devarṣir nāradaḥ sākṣād bhagavān kapilo nṛpa ||
TRANSLATION
O king! Lord Śiva, Nārada, sage of the heavens, and Lord Kapila know the most secret anubhāvas of Kṛṣṇa, though not his intentions.
COMMENTARY
Śiva and others knows particular actions of Kṛṣṇa, those actions he chooses to reveal to them (anubhāvam), but not his intentions, his real form or his real powers. The knower of rasa-śāstras knows first of all anubhāvas and sāttvika-bhāvas - paralysis, perspiration, hair standing on end etc. By that he can understand the sthāyi-bhāva. By the particular qualities and intensity of the anubhāvas, he can understand the particular qualities and intensity of the sthāyi-bhāva. The knower of rasa-śāstra knows the anubhāva of Kṛṣṇa being tied by a rope by the gopīs like Yaśodā, and the dependent anubhāva of Kṛṣṇa being the charioteer for Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira and Ugrasena. These are anubhāvas of Kṛṣṇa indicating his dependence on others. The knower of rasa then infers that there exists something special in these cases which controls and melts the heart of even the Supreme Lord, the controller of all, the supremely independent entity. That object, which melts the hearts of the viṣaya and āśraya, which has many varieties, and which brings both parties under the control of the other is called prema. It is the crest jewel of all goals for the human being and is described by terms such as bhakti, sneha and anurāga.
Seeing that Kṛṣṇa is controlled more, the more the he sees his devotees, who generate prema in him, the knower of rasa infers that there is intense prema in the siddha and sādhaka devotees. He then concludes that the Kṛṣṇa is cause of difficulties for devotees, in order to increase their devotion to that level. Śiva, Nārada and Kapila know this. One sees an increase in prema in Draupadī and others when their difficulties increase.
yasyāham anugṛhṇāmi hariṣye tad-dhanaṁ śanaiḥ
tato ’dhanaṁ tyajanty asya svajanā duḥkha-duḥkhitam
If I especially favor someone, I gradually deprive him of his wealth. Then the relatives and friends of such a poverty-stricken man abandon him. In this way he suffers one distress after another. SB 10.88.8
Thus the difficulties the devotees experience are not prārabdha-karmas since they are given by the Lord alone, who wants to benefit the devotees. However, this is not an inclusive rule. Sometimes the Lord increases his devotee’s bhakti without giving problems to him. Thus it is said that no one knows the plan of the Lord. Śiva and Nārada know the anubhāvas or symptoms in the Lord. Other foolish people do not know the anubhāvas like Kṛṣṇa allowing himself to be tied up. They explain it as some sort of fake display.
|| 1.9.20 ||
yaṁ manyase mātuleyaṁ priyaṁ mitraṁ suhṛttamam |
akaroḥ sacivaṁ dūtaṁ sauhṛdād atha sārathim ||
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