atha yavīyasī dvija-satī sva-garbha-jātaṁ mithunaṁ sapatnyā upanyasya svayam anusaṁsthayā patilokam agāt.

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śrī-śuka uvāca

atha kasyacid dvija-varasyāṅgiraḥ-pravarasya śama-dama-tapaḥ-svādhyāyādhyayana-tyāga-santoṣa-titikṣā-praśraya-vidyānasūyātma-jñānānanda-yuktasyātma-sadṛśa-śruta-śīlācāra-rūpaudārya-guṇā nava sodaryā aṅgajā babhūvur mithunaṁ ca yavīyasyāṁ bhāryāyām yas tu tatra pumāṁs taṁ parama-bhāgavataṁ rājarṣi-pravaraṁ bharatam utsṛṣṭa-mṛga-śarīraṁ carama-śarīreṇa vipratvaṁ gatam āhuḥ.

To a best of brāhmaṇas of the Aṅgira line, who was endowed with mind and sense control, austerity, study of the Vedas, renunciation, satisfaction, tolerance, humility, knowledge, lack of envy, and bliss on realization of ātmā, were born nine sons, endowed with learning, conduct, beauty and generous qualities which was similar to that of their father. In his younger wife he bore twins. They say that the great devotee Bharata, giving up the body of a deer, became the male child among the twins, and lived his final life as a brāhmaṇa.

In the Ninth Chapter, Bharata is born in a brāhmaṇa family, acts like a dull person, does not desire to take instructions on gāyatrī, acts as a scarecrow and gets offered to Kālī.

|| 5.9.3 ||

tatrāpi svajana-saṅgāc ca bhṛśam udvijamāno bhagavataḥ karma-bandha-vidhvaṁsana-śravaṇa-smaraṇa-guṇa-vivaraṇa-caraṇāravinda-yugalaṁ manasā vidadhad ātmanaḥ pratighātam āśaṅkamāno bhagavad-anugraheṇānusmṛta-sva-pūrva-janmāvalir ātmānam unmatta-jaḍāndha-badhira-svarūpeṇa darśayām āsa lokasya.

In that life, fearing the association of his family members, he always remembered the lotus feet of the Lord which destroy the bondage of karma by hearing about and remembering their qualities. Fearing obstructions to his progress and remembering his previous lives by the mercy of the Lord, he assumed the appearance of a dull-minded, blind and deaf mad man for the public.

He especially (vi) held (dadhat) the lotus feet of the Lord whose remembrance and hearing destroy the bondage of karma. He showed the people (lokasya) that he was a madman.

|| 5.9.4 ||

tasyāpi ha vā ātmajasya vipraḥ putra-snehānubaddha-manā āsamāvartanāt saṁskārān yathopadeśaṁ vidadhāna upanītasya ca punaḥ śaucācamanādīn karma-niyamān anabhipretān api samaśikṣayad anuśiṣṭena hi bhāvyaṁ pituḥ putreṇeti.

The father, whose mind was bound by fatherly affection to his son, performed his saṁskāras for brahmacārī life up to graduation according to the scriptural rules, and, thinking that a son should do these things as taught by the father, taught him the rules for cleanliness such ācamana necessary for one who has received the sacred thread, though the son was unwilling. 

The son was not willing to perform these actions because he thought himself unqualified, since he was constantly realizing the form of the Lord. The son, learning from the father (pituḥ), should perform these acts.

|| 5.9.5 ||

sa cāpi tad u ha pitṛ-sannidhāv evāsadhrīcīnam iva sma karoti chandāṁsy adhyāpayiṣyan saha vyāhṛtibhiḥ sapraṇava-śiras tripadīṁ sāvitrīṁ graiṣma-vāsantikān māsān adhīyānam apy asamaveta-rūpaṁ grāhayām āsa.

Bharata performed the actions in reverse order in the presence of his father. Desiring to teach him the Vedas, he first attempted to teach him the gāyatrī mantra during the spring and summer months, but Bharata could learn the mantra only incompletely.

Bharata, in order to make his father give up his enthusiasm for teaching him, performed all the actions in opposite order. He would perform ācamana and cleaning with earth before passing urine and stool rather than after. However this was actually correct for Bharata (iva). The father thought, “I will teach him the Vedas starting in Śravana month, after preparation. Now I will teach him the gāyatrī.” For four months starting with Caitra he taught him the three lines of the gāyātrī, but Bharata could not remember it completely. He taught him in an incomplete manner.

|| 5.9.6 ||

evaṁ sva-tanuja ātmany anurāgāveśita-cittaḥ śaucādhyayana-vrata-niyama-gurv-anala-śuśrūṣaṇādy-aupakurvāṇaka-karmāṇy anabhiyuktāny api samanuśiṣṭena bhāvyam ity asad-āgrahaḥ putram anuśāsya svayaṁ tāvad anadhigata-manorathaḥ kālenāpramattena svayaṁ gṛha eva pramatta upasaṁhṛtaḥ.

Being very attached to his son, thinking that the son should be taught by the father, though his desire was useless, he taught his son the brahmacārī activities of cleanliness, study, vows, following rules, accepting guru, sacrifice and service, though Bharata was not willing. Without fulfilling his desire, he died in his house by the influence of vigilant time.

The father had more attachment for his son than for his own life. He instructed his son who did not respect these things. The cause for his enthusiasm to teach him was explained previously. That is again stated: the son should be taught by the father. Upasaṁhṛtaḥ means he died.

|| 5.9.7 ||

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