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mene ’santam ivātmānaṁ
agra ātmātmanāṁ vibhuḥ
ātmecchānugatāv ātmā
nānā-maty-upalakṣaṇaḥ
Bhagavān, who exists in the form of Paramātmā and Brahman according to the viewpoint, alone existed before the creation of the universe, when the desire to create bodies of the jīvas was absent.
In order to describe creation, the prior state is first described. Before the creation of the universe (idam agre), Bhagavān, full of six powers, existed alone, since everything was merged in him. This means that the Lord acted as the adhiṣṭhana-kāraṇa, the basis of everything and that all his energies, which still existed at that time, are considered the effect. He is the Paramātmā, (ātmātmanām), worshipped by the yogīs, and he is the all-pervading Brahman worshipped by the jñānīs (vihuḥ). He is thus described differently because of the differing views the differing worshippers—bhaktas, yogīs and jñānīs. Even the śrutis describe this. Vāsudevo vā idamagra āsīnna brahmā na ca śaṅkara: in the beginning, before the creation of the universe Vāsudeva alone existed, and not Brahmā or Śiva. Eko nārāyaṇa evāsīnna brahmā neśāna: Only Nārāyaṇa exists, and not Brahmā or Śiva. Ātmaivedamagra āsīd: the Lord alone existed in the beginning. Sadevāsīt: the Lord always existed. Before the creation, for how long was he alone? It started from the previous destruction of matter, when there was disappearance (anugatau) of the desire to create (icchā) bodies for the jīvas (ātmā).
|| 3.5.24 ||
sa vā eṣa tadā draṣṭā
nāpaśyad dṛśyam ekarāṭ
mene ’santam ivātmānaṁ
supta-śaktir asupta-dṛk
The one puruṣa, who glances over prakṛti, at the beginning of creation, could not see her. He, the possessor of māyā, who was sleeping, and the possessor of spiritual consorts, who were awake, considered himself non-existent without her.
The puruṣa is certainly (vai) the glancer over prakṛti (draṣṭā). At the beginning of creation (tadā), he did not see what should be glanced on for creation, the pradhāna (dṛśyam). He considered himself (ātmānam) as if not existing (asantam). This is a poetic convention, like the householder feels non-existent without a wife. This can also refer to the collective jīvas who existed only in subtle form (ātmānam) within himself and would later become visible. Though they existed, he considered them non-existent at that time. With glancing over prakṛti, it was impossible for the Lord to manifest the worlds (but prakṛti was invisible). In what state was his dear māyā who was to receive his glance? Māyā (śakti) was sleeping. A sleeping lover cannot be enjoyed. But there were many lovers willing to give the Lord bliss who were awake. He had many consorts such as Lakṣmī, functions of his cit-śakti (asupta-dṛk). However, for creating the universe, the Lord at that time needed the external energy, māyā-śakti, though she is inferior.
|| 3.5.25 ||
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