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b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither), nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);
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- b)is the study of sound in speech.
- d) Grimm's Law (or the First Sound Shift) doesn’t help to explain the consonant changes from P-I-E to Germanic.
- d) Verner was a famous German linguist.
- d) loss of consonants in certain positions.
- d) Vowels in Middle English were not similar to those of Old English.
- c) Consonants of Middle English were not similar to those of Present Day.
- d)final -n in many verbal forms wasn’t lost, e.g. OE cuman > Modern English come (the n remains in some past participles of strong verbs: seen, gone, taken).
- d) There were six diphthong phonemes in late Middle English.
- Histotical grammar of the English language
- c) Anomalous verbs were met very rarely in the texts.
- b) ME verbs added a new type of verb, phrasal verbs.
- d) the alternate verb forms' coexistence.
- and þæt wīf "the woman/wife" was neuter.
- Table. Examples of noun declension in EModE
- d) The adjective in OE had the following categories: two numbers;
- a) the weak adjective declension;
- b) min, myn , thin, thyn/thy, hir, hire;
- b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither), nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);
- d) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard).
- d) Numerals from 20 to 100 were formed by placing tens first, and then units.
- b) addition of the Scandinavian borrowing ‘millioun’;
- a) They often come after their "object" and must be named postpositions.
- b) double negatives are not acceptable;
- Development of English vocabulary and word-formation
- b) A word which belongs to the common IE layer and constitutes the oldest part of the OE vocabulary.
- b) hond (hand), hors (horse),eorðe(earth), land (land), sand (sand), sǣ (sea);
- d) mynet (mint – Lat. moneta), pund (pound – Lat. pondo), ynce (ounce– Lat. uncial).
- d) dēādlic, frēōndlic, ʒēarlīc.
- d) West Saxon.. d) West Saxon.. b) Latin;. a) woolen cloth;. c) in the Battle of Hastings;. a) Bayeux tapestry;. a) the Bayeux tapestry;
- a) It is a unique and extraordinary document to reflect this episode of French history.
- a) Middle English, pilgrims, Canterbury Cathedral;
- a) During ME church literature was in Latin, chivalric poetry was for the most part in French while folklore continued to develop in Anglo-Saxon.
- c) the weakening of social ties between the various regions;
- d) the introduction of Christianity.
- a) The British monopolized the trade with India.
- a) the dialect of London, Cockney;
- d) arvo , barbie, macca's, servo, footy .
- d) graph, phone, telephone, phonograph, dictaphone, or appendicitis.
- d) guard, lieutenant, moat, navy, peace, retreat, sergeant, siege, soldier.
- d) advise, allow, arrange, carry, change, close, continue, cry, deceive, delay, enjoy.
- a) forecourt, preconception, antechapel;
- b)weall , ceaster, port , mīle, mynet, pund , ynce, cīese, pipor, bēte, butere;
d) Scandinavian.
108. In what period did possessive pronouns lose the category of case and gender? Choose the correct letter.
a) ME;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) Present-Day English.
109. In what period did possessive pronouns retain the category of number?
a) ME;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) Present-Day English.
110. In what period did the forms of pronouns ‘tho’, ‘thos’ stand for ‘that’, and forms ‘thes’/’thise’ stand for ‘this’?
a) ME;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) Present-Day English.
111. In what period did interrogative pronouns (hwy –why)
change phonetically (the aspiration was weakened and in spelling the letters h and w changed place) ?
a) Present-Day English;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) ) ME.
112.What new class of pronouns appeared in ME? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.
a) personal pronouns;
b) reflexive pronouns;
c) possessive pronouns;
d) demonstrative.
113. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter. In ME reflexive pronouns are formed from the possessive pronoun my/thy or the objective case of the third person personal pronoun him/hir/hem/them+ self – himself, hirself, hemselven.
a) True;
b) False;
c) Hardly ever;
d) It’s impossible.
114. In what period did OE pronouns: ǣᵹðer, ǣlc, swilc, sum, ǣniᵹ, nān change their phonetic form and give the present-day forms: either, each, such, some, any, none?
a) Present-Day English;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) ) ME.
115. What period of history of OE can be characterized by the development of separate possessive adjectives and pronouns (my/mine, thy/thine)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.
a) Present-Day English;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) ) ME.
116. What period of history of OE can be characterized by the development of possessive of it: his > it > its (sometimes spelled it's)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.
a) Present-Day English;
b) EModE;
c) OE;
d) ) ME.
117. What century did forms thouand thee disappear? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.
a)in the 20 th c
b) in the 19 th c
c) in the 17 th c;
d) in the 16th c.
118. In EModE the use of ‘ye/you’ became common.
Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.
a) True;
b) False;
c) Hardly ever;
d) It’s impossible.
119. In EModE subject ye became you. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.
a)Hardly ever;
b) False;
c)True;
d) It’s impossible.
120. In EModErelative pronouns ‘that’, ‘which’, ‘who’, ‘as’ became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.
a)Hardly ever;
b) False;
c)True;
d) It’s impossible.
121. In EModEreflexive pronouns‘ myself’, ‘ourselves’, ‘yourself’, ‘themselves’
became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.
a)Hardly ever;
b) False;
c)True;
d) It’s impossible.
122. In EModEindefinite pronouns ‘every’, ‘other’, ‘some’, ‘somewhat’, ‘something’ became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.
a)Hardly ever;
b) False;
c)True;
d) It’s impossible.
123. What part of speech in OE gave birth to the indefinite article? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.
a) nouns;
b) pronouns;
c) numerals;
d) verbs.
124. What two groups are OE adverbs divided into? Answer the question and choose the correct answer.
a) primary (simple), secondary (derived);
b) regular, irregular;
c) primary, irregular;
d) regular, derived.
125. What adverbs are referred to simple in OE? Choose the correct letter.
a) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard);
c) bealdlíce (boldly), freondlíce (in a friendly way);
d) wíde - wídor - wídost (widely - more widely - most widely)
126. What adverbs are referred to secondary (derived) in OE? Choose the correct letter.
a) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard);
b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither);
c) nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);
d) sóna (soon), oft (often) ,eft (again) ,swá (so).
127. Match OE simple adverbs with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.
a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;
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