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d) Grimm's Law (or the First Sound Shift) doesn’t help to explain the consonant changes from P-I-E to Germanic.
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- Бундестагом и Бундесратом поровну
- Общественные отношения, урегулированные нормами
- Демократический и авторитарный
- многопартийные, двухпартийные и однопартийные
- нормативные акты, относящиеся к предмету
- полутотаритарный режим с некоторыми внешними чертами демократических институтов, режим с ограниченной многопартийностью, режим с безраздельным господством исполнительной власти
- Решение наиболее важных вопросов государственной жизни страны
- законодательный орган Германии
- Государственную измену при исполнении своих обязанностей
- поступление на службу к иностранному государству
- Конституционный Суд, Верховный Суд Российской Федерации, Высший Арбитражный Суд Российской Федерации
- Заявление какой-либо стороны в суде общей юрисдикции (возбуждение специального иска) при рассмотрении в суде уголовного, гражданского, иного дела
- Единой централизованной системой судов во главе с верховным судом
- Решение наиболее важных вопросов государственной жизни страны
- b)is the study of sound in speech.
- d) Grimm's Law (or the First Sound Shift) doesn’t help to explain the consonant changes from P-I-E to Germanic.
- d) Verner was a famous German linguist.
- d) loss of consonants in certain positions.
- d) Vowels in Middle English were not similar to those of Old English.
- c) Consonants of Middle English were not similar to those of Present Day.
- d)final -n in many verbal forms wasn’t lost, e.g. OE cuman > Modern English come (the n remains in some past participles of strong verbs: seen, gone, taken).
- d) There were six diphthong phonemes in late Middle English.
- Histotical grammar of the English language
- c) Anomalous verbs were met very rarely in the texts.
- b) ME verbs added a new type of verb, phrasal verbs.
- d) the alternate verb forms' coexistence.
- and þæt wīf "the woman/wife" was neuter.
- Table. Examples of noun declension in EModE
- d) The adjective in OE had the following categories: two numbers;
- a) the weak adjective declension;
- b) min, myn , thin, thyn/thy, hir, hire;
- b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither), nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);
- d) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard).
- d) Numerals from 20 to 100 were formed by placing tens first, and then units.
- b) addition of the Scandinavian borrowing ‘millioun’;
- a) They often come after their "object" and must be named postpositions.
- b) double negatives are not acceptable;
- Development of English vocabulary and word-formation
- b) A word which belongs to the common IE layer and constitutes the oldest part of the OE vocabulary.
- b) hond (hand), hors (horse),eorðe(earth), land (land), sand (sand), sǣ (sea);
- d) mynet (mint – Lat. moneta), pund (pound – Lat. pondo), ynce (ounce– Lat. uncial).
- d) dēādlic, frēōndlic, ʒēarlīc.
- d) West Saxon.. d) West Saxon.. b) Latin;. a) woolen cloth;. c) in the Battle of Hastings;. a) Bayeux tapestry;. a) the Bayeux tapestry;
- a) It is a unique and extraordinary document to reflect this episode of French history.
- a) Middle English, pilgrims, Canterbury Cathedral;
- a) During ME church literature was in Latin, chivalric poetry was for the most part in French while folklore continued to develop in Anglo-Saxon.
- c) the weakening of social ties between the various regions;
- d) the introduction of Christianity.
- a) The British monopolized the trade with India.
- a) the dialect of London, Cockney;
c) contraction;
d) mutation before h.
10) Choose the incorrect letter.
a)The Germanic Consonant Shift is also known as the First Sound Shift or Grimm's Law.
b) Grimm's Lawimplies a set of relationships among the consonants of the Germanic and non-Germanic Indo-European languages.
c) The Germanic Consonant Shiftis considered to be Grimm’s Law and Verner’s Law taken together.
d) Grimm's Law (or the First Sound Shift) doesn’t help to explain the consonant changes from P-I-E to Germanic.
11. What law do the examples in the table illustrate? Choose the correct answer.
IE
Germanic
IE
Germanic
There were shortcomings. It didn’t always work.
IE
Germanic
1.
bh>b
bhratar
broþar
b>p
abel
apple
p>f
pater
fadar
2.
dh>d
madhu
medu
d>t
decem
ten
t>þ (θ)
tres
three
3.
gh>g
hostis
gast
g>k
genu
knee
k>h
noctem
kerd
nahts
heart
a) Grimm’s Law;
b) Verner's Law;
c) Jespersen’s Law;
d) Horn’s Law.
12. Choose the incorrect answer.
a) Looking at Sanskrit forms and comparing them to Germanic ones Verner noticed that the placement of STRESS (ACCENT) affected how Indo-European consonants were shifted.
b) Karl Verner published his findings in the article “An exception to the first consonant shift” in one of the prestigious linguistic research journals.
c)According to K. Verner Law voiceless fricatives became voiced when they were in a voiced environment and the IndoEuropean stress was not on the preceding syllable.
d) Verner’s Law was discovered in the 18-th century.
13. What law do the examples in the table illustrate? Choose the correct answer.
s
 z s (later)
 z r
snusós
snușā́
νυός
nurus
snuzō
snoru
a) Grimm’s Law;
b) Verner's Law;
c) Jespersen’s Law;
d) Horn’s Law.
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