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The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
Содержание книги
- Make, care, student, girl, person, got, arm, but, home, like, pure, help, form.
- Some students live at the hostel, others - with their relatives. Many students get stipends. If a student has “fives” in all the subjects at the entrance examinations he gets an increased stipend.
- Is your brother an adult? 2. Had you entrance examinations in September? 3. Do you get an increased stipend? 4. Will you become a doctor next year? 5. Have you relatives in Moscow?
- Первое сентября, первого сентября; второе августа, второго августа; десятое января, десятого января.
- Plaster, complete, polyclinic, general, gain, young, city, afternoon, main, they, X-ray, vein, yesterday, master, last.
- Talk, salt, fall, chalk, all, small, call, hall, also.
- It is cold today. Сегодня холодно . It was difficult. Было трудно . It will be warm. Будет тепло.
- Consultation, occlusion, attention, commission, session, occupation, obstruction.
- Must the students work during the whole term? 2. He could not enter the Institute last year. 3. Can he become a good therapeutist? 4. May this remedy do you harm?
- XVIII. Explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type: thousand, which, with, them, chart, phase, show, chill.
- Learn, earth, earn, research, heard.
- The long pens are on the table. Длинные ручки на столе.
- Our classes usually begin at 8.30 a.m. In addition to several practical classes we have a lecture or two every day.
- They are not carrying out они не проводят опыт сейчас .
- Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient? 2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. What are the doctors doing? 4. What are the doctors fighting for?
- We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
- Leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short.
- Нам дают книги. 2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.
- The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
- To call, brain, eyeball, nose, cavity, to compose, to consist of, joint, on each side, trunk, neck, breastbone, to separate.
- The student is asked many questions at the lesson. The student asked many questions at the lesson.
- This book will be read with great interest by all of us. 2. The thoracic cavity was examined by X-rays. 3. Artificial joints were used by the surgeon.
- Their work helped to establish that the muscles were the active agents of motion ( движение ) and contraction.
- IV. 1. Прочтите текст G. 2. О чем говорится в каждом абзаце?
- My friend is greatly excited because his son has the disease of the coxofemoral joints. The boy cannot walk and must be in bed.
- Road, moan, soap, load, foam, soak, throat.
- The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
- The aorta- from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels- when they dilate. 3. The right lung is- than the left one. 4. The lungs are- with the pleura.
- Эта экспериментальная работа будет проведена на будущей неделе. 2. Эти данные применяются на практике. 3. Меня будут обследовать несколько врачей. 4. В пятницу нам читали лекцию поанатомии.
- Text E. The Alimentary Tract
- В Москве издается много медицинских журналов. (many, published, journals, Moscow, are, in, medical)
- The blood (to carry) to the liver passes through the portal vein.
- XVI. Read and translate Text H.
- At the rate of, per minute (day), to depend on (upon), on physical exertion, to discharge from the hospital, to discharge out bile, to pump blood through arteries, to be followed by.
- The rate of heart contractions is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers. It varies in different persons and at different age.
- В норме сердце бьется со скоростью 60-70 ударов в минуту.
- Text С . The Corpuscular Elements of Blood
- XVIII. Read Text D and say what data important for a future doctor are given in it. What will you try to remember?
- It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue.
- На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов.
- W. Harvey found out the heart changed its colour during the contractions.
- The methods of investigation the scientist had included in his research helped him to determine the origin of the pulmonary disease. 4. The faculty my brother is in trains pediatricians.
- M. Sechenov investigated blood gases in 1858. И. М. Сеченов исследовал газы крови в 1858 году.
- The new methods of research had been included into my work. 2. The course of treatment has been prolonged. 3. The structure of the pancreas will have been described in the new book.
- Не may examine the patient. 2. He may be examining the patient now.
- Для этой цели; 2) полный покой; 3) распространяется по коре головного мозга; 4) имеет большое защитное значение для; 5) глубокий спокойный сон; 6) жизнедеятельность.
- Different actions which are repeated every day before going to bed also act as stimuli which produce the process of inhibition.
- XI. Переведите текст E. Расскажите о кровеносных сосудах и дайте обоснование их роли в организме человека.
- Грамматика: заменители модальных глаголов. Способы выражения долженствования. Производные местоимения: some, any, no, every. Случаи употребления глаголов to be, to have.
- One can impair the health if one does not sleep for along period of time.
Note:
1 consist of cranial and facial parts - состоят из мозгового и лицевого отделов
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
XV. Form and translate Past Participle of the following words:
Leave, feel, think, become, lose, complete, require, achieve.
XVI. Translate the following:
врач, обследующий больного; больной, обследуемый в рентгеновском кабинете; студент, встречающий своих друзей; студент, встреченный своими друзьями; хрящ, соединяющий плечо и предплечье; хрящ, соединенный с плечевым суставом.
XVII. Translate these sentences:
The skeleton is composed of bones. 2. The spinal column is formed by the vertebrae. 3. The cervical part of the spine is composed of seven cervical vertebrae.
XVIII. Make these sentences interrogative:
The upper extremity is connected with the trunk by the shoulder girdle.
The lectures in Physiology are attended by all the students. 3. On each side of the chest the breastbone is connected with seven ribs.
XIX. Put the verbs in Present Indefinite Passive:
Seven cervical vertebrae compose the cervical part of the spine. 2. Cranial and facial bones form the skull. 3. The pelvis connects the lower extremity with the trunk.
XX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the translation of the word ʽif̓:
He wants to know if the skeleton is composed of over 200 bones. 2. My fellow-student asks me if each rib is composed of a head, neck and body. 3. I do not remember if the ribs are connected with the breastbone by cartilages or by ligaments.
XXI. Ask each other questions and answer them:
Ask your friend if...
Cartilages connect the joints; 2) the chest is composed of the breastbone and 24 ribs; 3) the man has two lower extremities; 4) the upper extremity is formed by the arm, forearm, and hand; 5) the spinal column is composed of the vertebrae; 6) the skull is composed of facial and cranial parts.
XXII. Translate into English:
Мой друг принимает активное участие в научном кружке по химии. 2. С каждой стороны грудной клетки имеется семь ребер.
Из чего состоят ваши занятия в институте? 4. Нижняя конечность состоит из бедра, голени и стопы. 5. Сердце находится в левой стороне грудной клетки. 6. Кости черепа соединяются с шейными позвонками. 7. У взрослых кости конечностей длиннее, чем у детей.
ХХ III. Translate these sentences and memorize the words given in bold type:
1. One of the books by Tolstoy is called Anna Karenina. 3. We see with our eyes. 3. The brain is the organ of thinking. 4. The brain is in the cranial cavity. 5. The teeth are in the oral cavity. 6. The Urals separate Europe from Asia
XXIV. 1. Read Text B. Entitle it. 2. Find and translate the sentences in Present Indefinite Passive. 3. Ask each other questions on the text and answer them.
Text В
The main part of the head and face is called the skull. The skull is composed of twenty-six bones. These bones form two basic parts of the skull, that is facial and cranial parts.
The bones of the skull are connected with the first cervical vertebra. The bones of the skull are connected together so firmly that it is very difficult to separate them.
The bones of the skull form one large cavity and some smaller cavities. The large cavity is called the cranial cavity1. The brain is in the cranial cavity. One of the smaller cavities is the cavity of the nose. The other two cavities are the orbits. The eyeballs are in the orbits.
Note
1 cranial cavity - мозговая полость
LESSON 10
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
I. Выпишите в две колонки существительные и прилагательные, под- черкните суффиксы:
Facial, scientific, spinal, formation, pelvis, connection, basic, special, composition, experimental, anatomical, sacral.
II. Сгруппируйте слова, обозначающие части скелета (письменно):
Череп. 2. Туловище. 3. Конечности.
Skull, lower extremity, orbit, upper extremity, thigh, leg, shoulder, pelvis, spinal column, hand, rib, forearm, cervical vertebrae, foot, chest, arm.
III. Найдите ниже перевод каждого английского слова:
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