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XVI. Read and translate Text H.
Содержание книги
- Consultation, occlusion, attention, commission, session, occupation, obstruction.
- Must the students work during the whole term? 2. He could not enter the Institute last year. 3. Can he become a good therapeutist? 4. May this remedy do you harm?
- XVIII. Explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type: thousand, which, with, them, chart, phase, show, chill.
- Learn, earth, earn, research, heard.
- The long pens are on the table. Длинные ручки на столе.
- Our classes usually begin at 8.30 a.m. In addition to several practical classes we have a lecture or two every day.
- They are not carrying out они не проводят опыт сейчас .
- Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient? 2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. What are the doctors doing? 4. What are the doctors fighting for?
- We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
- Leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short.
- Нам дают книги. 2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.
- The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
- To call, brain, eyeball, nose, cavity, to compose, to consist of, joint, on each side, trunk, neck, breastbone, to separate.
- The student is asked many questions at the lesson. The student asked many questions at the lesson.
- This book will be read with great interest by all of us. 2. The thoracic cavity was examined by X-rays. 3. Artificial joints were used by the surgeon.
- Their work helped to establish that the muscles were the active agents of motion ( движение ) and contraction.
- IV. 1. Прочтите текст G. 2. О чем говорится в каждом абзаце?
- My friend is greatly excited because his son has the disease of the coxofemoral joints. The boy cannot walk and must be in bed.
- Road, moan, soap, load, foam, soak, throat.
- The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
- The aorta- from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels- when they dilate. 3. The right lung is- than the left one. 4. The lungs are- with the pleura.
- Эта экспериментальная работа будет проведена на будущей неделе. 2. Эти данные применяются на практике. 3. Меня будут обследовать несколько врачей. 4. В пятницу нам читали лекцию поанатомии.
- Text E. The Alimentary Tract
- В Москве издается много медицинских журналов. (many, published, journals, Moscow, are, in, medical)
- The blood (to carry) to the liver passes through the portal vein.
- XVI. Read and translate Text H.
- At the rate of, per minute (day), to depend on (upon), on physical exertion, to discharge from the hospital, to discharge out bile, to pump blood through arteries, to be followed by.
- The rate of heart contractions is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers. It varies in different persons and at different age.
- В норме сердце бьется со скоростью 60-70 ударов в минуту.
- Text С . The Corpuscular Elements of Blood
- XVIII. Read Text D and say what data important for a future doctor are given in it. What will you try to remember?
- It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue.
- На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов.
- W. Harvey found out the heart changed its colour during the contractions.
- The methods of investigation the scientist had included in his research helped him to determine the origin of the pulmonary disease. 4. The faculty my brother is in trains pediatricians.
- M. Sechenov investigated blood gases in 1858. И. М. Сеченов исследовал газы крови в 1858 году.
- The new methods of research had been included into my work. 2. The course of treatment has been prolonged. 3. The structure of the pancreas will have been described in the new book.
- Не may examine the patient. 2. He may be examining the patient now.
- Для этой цели; 2) полный покой; 3) распространяется по коре головного мозга; 4) имеет большое защитное значение для; 5) глубокий спокойный сон; 6) жизнедеятельность.
- Different actions which are repeated every day before going to bed also act as stimuli which produce the process of inhibition.
- XI. Переведите текст E. Расскажите о кровеносных сосудах и дайте обоснование их роли в организме человека.
- Грамматика: заменители модальных глаголов. Способы выражения долженствования. Производные местоимения: some, any, no, every. Случаи употребления глаголов to be, to have.
- One can impair the health if one does not sleep for along period of time.
- Чем могут быть заменены модальные глаголы can, may, must?
- Everyone knows that phagocytes destroy microorganisms.
- The environment must be provided with the proper amount of oxygen for the growth of aerobic microorganisms.
- To give in, to give up, to give away; 2) to get up, to get down, to get in, to get off.
- If it is necessary a nurse will come to the patient’s house to give him the administered injections or carry out any of the doctor’s administrations.
- What is the time now? 2. My father visited Moscow many times. 3. We have classes in Physiology three times a week. 4. What time do you have lectures in Microbiology?
- The doctor administered the patient two tablets of tetracyclin to be taken orally and a cough mixture to be taken three times a day.
Text H
According to their functions different organs of the human body are divided into several systems: the bones, the muscular system, the alimentary tract, the respiratory system, the urogenital1 system, the vascular system, and the nervous system.
The muscles and the bones are under the layer of subcutaneous2 fat. The muscles are connected with the bones.
The heart and the large blood vessels connected with it, as well as the lungs and the esophagus are in the thoracic cavity. The spleen, the liver and the stomach are in the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. The small and large intestines are in the abdominal cavity lower than the stomach, the liver and the spleen. The kidneys are on the posterior side of the abdominal cavity.
Notes
1 urogenital [,juərə'eenitl] - мочеполовой 2 subcutaneous [,sAbkju'teniəs] - подкожный
XVII. Read Text I. Make its plan.
Text I. New Investigations on the Vascular Structure of the Heart
Great work on modern anatomy was begun in the 15th and 16th centuries. Such great men as Leonardo da Vinchi, Vesalius, Servet and Harvey did much to study the structure of the human body.
In the 20th century anatomy became an exact science. Scientists considered that no new discoveries could be made in this field.
But in 1968 Prof. S. Samoilova, a surgeon, began to study the heart vessels.
Anatomists always considered that the heart was mainly a muscular organ. The heart chambers, the valves, the muscular bands and the coats were well described. But not much was said about the heart vessels.
Prof. Samoilova determined that the heart consisted of thin vascular tubes. Half of the heart weight was composed of the bands of vessels. She came to the conclusion that the heart was a dilated large vessel included inmuscular tissues.
The structure of the heart as a band of vessels is very intricate ['intrikit] (сложный) and varies with age and diseases.
S. Samoilova included all the findings of her research work into the book called The Anatomy of Cardiac Blood Vessels.
This book was published in Leningrad in 1970. It helps surgeons to perform operations on the heart.
UNIT 1. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Правила чтения: буквосочетания qu, qua. Словообразование: суффиксы -ate; -ar; able, ible; -ance, -ence. Грамматика: времена группы Perfect Active. Неопределенно-личные
Предложения.
LESSON 17
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
Запомните:
1. Буквосочетание qu перед гласной читается [kw]: quite [kwait] совершенно, вполне; qua читается [kwɔ]: quality ['kwɒliti] качество; quantity ['kwɒntiti] количество.
2. -ate [eit] - суффикс глаголов: circulate |'s3:kjuleit] циркулировать.
3. Суффиксы -able [əbl], -ible [ibl] образуют прилагательные от основы глаголов: comparable ['kɒmpərəbl] сравнимый.
I. Прочтите следующие слова:
Question, quickly, quinsy, quiet, questionable, quote, equal, quadrant, qualify, quite, quick.
II. Прочтите и переведите:
Calculate, radiate, operate, regulate, estimate; 2) considerable, changeable, eatable, variable, comfortable, responsible, extensible, possible.
III. Запомните чтение следующих слов. Найдите ниже их перевод:
total ['təυtl], ton [tAn], emotion [i'məυʃn], regulate ['regjuleit], cardiac ['kadiək], systole ['sistəli], diastole [dai'fstəli], cardiovascular [,kadiə'vfskjulə].
тонна; сердечно-сосудистый; диастола (фаза расслабления сердечной мышцы); регулировать; тотальный, общий; эмоция, возбуждение; систола (фаза сокращения сердечной мышцы); сердечный.
IV. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: pump [рAmp] n насос; v накачивать, нагнетать; выталкивать, выбрасывать rate [reit] n частота, число в минуту, скорость; степень; pulse rate частота пульса; respiratory rate частота дыхания beat [bi:t] (beat, beaten) v бить(ся), ударять(ся); n толчок, удар;
Биение
per prp в, на, за; per minute (day) в минуту (день)
depend [di'pend] v зависеть (от - on, upon)
wave [weiv] n волна; колебание; зубец (электрокардиограммы)
follow ['fɒləυ] v следовать; соблюдать что-л.; внимательно следить за чем-л.
exertion [ig'z3:ʃn] n напряжение; усилие; нагрузка; on exertion при напряжении, при нагрузке
both [bəυθ] pron оба; both- and и- и; как- так и
prolong [prə'lɒŋ] v продлевать
prolonged [prə'lɒŋd] а длительный, затянувшийся
discharge [dis'tae] v выделять; выписывать (больного) из больницы
(from); выбрасывать (out); n выделение; отделяемое; выписка estimate ['estimeit] v оценивать, определять; подсчитывать serve [s3:v] v служить send [send] (sent, sent [sent]) v посылать, направлять considerable [kən'sidərəbl] а значительный
V. Выучите следующие словосочетания, обращая внимание на предлоги:
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