Education in the United States

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There is no federal educational standard in the USA. Schooling and educational

programmes are the responsibility of each state; this is why one can find great differences in

education from state to state. No uniform demands exist on education in schools or universities

throughout the nation. In most states attending school is obligatory for children between six and

seventeen. Secondary education institutions include elementary schools and high schools.

Higher education in the USA is not nation-wide. Colleges differ a lot from each other in

scale and level of education as well as in the “quality” of diplomas given. There are private and

state universities. Private education is considered more prestigious. The most famous private

university is Harvard. Higher education is rather expensive in the USA.

A typical American university has two levels of education: two years of undergraduate

classes and two more years of graduate classes. The undergraduate years are called the freshman

During the first and the second year the students take subjects of general education:

Science, Humanities, Arts. The specialization begins at the third and the fourth years, named the

junior and the senior year respectively. After the fourth year at college, students get a Bachelor’s

degree. Graduates may specialize further and do research. They get a Master’s Degree.

Travelling by air is the fastest means of travelling. Passengers are to arrive at the airport two

hours before departure time on international flights and an hour before on domestic flights as

there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport formalities. For this purpose the

passenger must register their tickets and luggage.

The rules for passengers who are going abroad are similar in most countries but sometimes there

might be a slight difference in formalities.

If, for instance, the traveller begins with going through the Customs, he’d better fill in the

Customs declaration before talking to the Customs officer.

Then he goes to the check-in counter where his ticket is looked at, the things are weighed and

labelled, a claim-check for each piece of luggage is inserted in the ticket and the passenger is

given a boarding pass, which has a seat number on it. The next formality is filling in the

declaration form and going through passport control. The traveller writes his name, nationality,

permanent address and the purpose of the trip . In most countries there is also a security check

when the carry-on luggage is inspected. This is an anti-hijacking measure, and anything that

might be dangerous or disturbing to other passengers must be handed to one of the crew and only

returned to the owner after the plane has reached its destination.

After fulfilling all these formalities passengers go to the departure lounge where they can have a

snack, read a paper, buy something in the duty-free shop and wait for the announcement to board

the plane.

There is another inconvenience the person has to be prepared for when travelling long distances

by plane. It’s the jet lag, a difference between the time people are accustomed to and the new

time.

Travelling by Car

There is nothing better than travelling by a fast car. Travel by car is a more personal

experience, for there you can drive yourself.

You just sit down at the steering wheel, start the motor, step on the accelerator with your

foot and off goes the car. You can go as slowly or as fast as you wish, stop when and where you

choose; you park the car on the side of the road, get out and go wherever you like.

It is quite true that driving a car has some disadvantages. In town it is rather a nuisance

with all those traffic «jams» or «hold - ups», round-about, detours and so on. It is not pleasant at

all when you ride on a bumpy road or get a flat tyre, or still worse, when you get stuck in the

But what can be better than a spin in a car on a week-end with your friend? As soon as

you get out of the crowded town and see a long wide road in full view, what a thrill it is to feel

the car rush forward at a touch of your foot, to feel the wind in your face, to see houses, trees

find people flash past, to feel the real joy of speed.

Then, of course, you see much more of the country than you do in a plane.

Suppose you are on vacation and have decided to take a trip in a car. What magnificent

views you behold on your way — green fields, a road winding its way up the mountain with

steep, grey cliffs on one side and a deep precipice on the other, a shining expanse of the sea

wrapped in a blue noonday haze, the woods, the rows of acacia that stretch along the streets of

the towns you pass through. Indeed, your impressions are unforgettable.

VI. Составьте диалог, используя вопросы.

What is your name?

What is your surname?

How old are you?

When were you born?

When is your birthday?

Where do you live?

What is your address?

What nationality are you?

What are you?

10 Where do you study?

11 What do you like to do?

12 Do you have many friends?

13 What are they fond of?

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