Ex. 22. Memorize the locative prefixes.

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3.

Class work.

Ex. 22. Memorize the locative prefixes.

The following are some common locative prefixes:

extra- outside           sub- below

intra- inside             infra- below

inter- between         supra- above

para- beside             retro- behind

peri- around            bi-  two

Ex. 23. Explain the medical terms.

1. subcostal                     below the ribs

2. intracellular                 ……………..

3. intramuscular              .……………

4. retropharyngeal           …………….

5. subcutaneous              ……………..

6. intravenous                 ……………..

7. perirenal                      . ……………

8. bisexual                      ……………..   

Ex. 24. a). Look through text C and match the titles for each logical unit:

A. the Respiratory system, B. the Blood vessels, C. the Thermal receptors,

D. the skeleton and muscles, E. the stomach, F. he brain. G. the eyes.

b). Look through text C again and say: What statement is true ( T ), false ( F ) or no information ( () ).

1. The eyes move even when a man looks at one and the same spot (точка).
2. The small intestine is located in the lower and central portion of the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
3. A human being stops growing at the age of 17.
4. The female brain is heavier than that of the male.
5. The amount of blood in a human organism is not constant
6. The weight of the lungs is less than that of the heart.
7. The heart is the main organ of the body.

Text C. Human body structure strikes imagination

( поражать воображение ) with facts and figures

A human being is quite a unique creature.

1. The length of all blood vessels in a human body reaches about 100,000 kilometers. Tiniest (мельчайшие) vessels – capillaries – are not more than four micrometers in diameter. The amount of blood in a human organism is not constant, although it does not exceed (превосходить) seven or ten liters. This is not enough to fill all blood vessels

2. The skeleton is formed with 206 bones. The shin-bone is capable of standing the axial load of 1600-1800 kilos (the weight of a car). It is also the longest bone of the skeleton – it reaches about 27 percent of a person's height. The tiniest bones of a human being form the hearing-aid – they weigh only 0.05 grams. A shoulder-blade (плечевое коромысло) is not connected to any other bones – it is fixed in a body with the help of 15 muscles. Fifty percent of a bone is made of water. A human being stops growing as he or she turns 24 years of age. The growth of a young individual slows down a little at night time, but returns to the normal speed in the daytime. There are over 600 muscles in a human body. Jaw-muscles (челюсть) on cheek teeth may develop an effort of 72 kilos.

3. The brain of an adult male weighs 1375 grams, whereas the female brain weighs 1275 grams. The weight of the brain does not affect intellectual capacities of a person. Only four percent of brain cells work; the rest of them are kept in reserve. About a thousand of neurons die every hour. The speed of a nerve impulse on the reflex arch can reach 120 meters a second.

4. Mixed food usually stays in the stomach of an adult person for about six hours. The stomach usually produces about 1.5 liters of digestive juices on daily basis. The total square of the absorbing surface of the small intestine villi (реснички) makes up to six square meters.

5. The human eye contains 110-130 million of receptors that are responsible for the perception (восприятие) of light, whereas only 5-7 million of receptors are responsible for the color perception. An eye is capable of distinguishing 130-250 pure color tones and up to ten million of mixed shades. An eye cannot perceive (сохранять) a motionless image: eyes move even when an individual looks at one and the same spot (место).

6. The bronchial tree has 24 levels of embranchment. The total number of air vesicles (alveoli) in lungs reaches 300-350 million. The total square of the respiratory surface of two adult lungs is more than 90 square meters. The share of skin-breathing makes up about three or five percent of the entire respiratory system. It may reach 30 percent under extreme conditions.

7. The total number of thermal receptors in human skin may reach about 280 thousand. The minimum quantity of painful receptors is located in the area of cheeks.

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