bhedavyapadeśāccānyaḥ ..1.1.21..

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SUTRA I. 1. 21.

भेदव्यपदेशाच्चान्यः॥१.१.२१॥

bhedavyapadeśāccānyaḥ ..1.1.21..

… Bheda, difference. … Vyapadeshat, because of declaration. Cha, and.. Anyah, another, other than the Jiva.

21. The Being above-mentioned is other than Jiva. Because there is a declaration of its being separate from Jiva — 21.

COMMENTARY

It must be admitted that the Inner Ruler, the Supreme Self is described there, and it is separate from the individual Jiva whose body is the sun: that is to say, the above passage describes Brahman and not the solar Deity. Thus in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, we find that a distinction is drawn between the Jiva whose body is the sun and the Inner Ruler, the Brahman, who rules even the solar Deity:

He who dwells in the sun (Aditya), and within the sun, whom the sun does not know, whose body the sun is, and who pulls (rules) the sun within, he is thy self, the puller (rule) within, the immortal». (Br. Up., III., 7. 9)

Therefore the Being here described is not any exalted Jiva but Brahman Himself; because the Being described in the Chhandogya, and that described in the Brihadaranyaka should be one and the some, as the texts are similar.

Adhikarana VIII — The Akasha of Chh. Up. I.9., is Brahman

Vishaya: In the Chhandogya Upanishad we find:…

1. Then Salavatya asked, «What is the goal of Brahma (Loka)?» «The All-luminous Vishnu (Akasha)», replied Pravahana, «For all these (mighty) Beings take their rise from the All-luminous and have their setting in the All-luminous. The All-luminous is greater than these, the All-luminous is their great refuge. He indeed is higher than the highest, the Udgitha, the infinite.

2. He who meditates on Udgitha as the Greater than the Great, knowing it thus to be the Supreme goal, the Greater than the Great becomes his protector, and he obtains the worlds which are greater than the Great (such as Vaikuntha, etc.)

3. «Those among mankind who will know this Udgitha», thus said Atidhanvan, son of Sunaka, to his disciple Udara Shandilya, «will live for the entire length of the age in which they get this knowledge and for them the Supreme Brahman will be their life in this world, for that length, and also in the other world. He who knowing thus meditates on Him, the Supreme Brahman becomes his life in the next world, yea in the next world».

Doubt: The doubt arises hero, what is alluded to by the we id Akasha? Is it the primeval element other, or Brahman?

Purvapaksha: The word Akasha here, is ‘protyle’ or the primeval element, from which all other elements have come out, t for the current meaning of Akasha denotes the parent of all the elements And we are taught that from Akasha evolves Vayu (or all gaseous elements). Thus Akasha, being the source of all physical elements, can not mean Brahman, but other.

Siddhanta: To this objection the author answers by the following.

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