Spoken and written disc gr intricacy -

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 l.Definition domain and history of discourse analysisThe term disc has many meanings and definitions. Disc was first nterpreted as dialogue - an interaction between a speaker and a listener. Thus, disc referred to authentic daily communications, mainly oral, included in the wide communicative context. The term disc was then also used to refer to the totality of codified language used in a particular field intellectual inquiry and of social practice (e.g. medical disc, legal disc, etc.) Although the ancient Greeks had much to say on discourse, some scholars consider the Austrian emigre Leo Spifcer's Stilstudien [Style Studies] of 1928 the earliest example of disc analysis (OA); Michel Foucault himself translated it into French. But the term first came into general use following the publication of a series of papers by Zellig Harris beginning in 1952 and reporting on work from which he developed transformational grammar in the late 1930s

2.Different approaches to the definition of disc. Disc and lang.Disc analysis is widely recognized as one of the most vast and least defined areas of linguistics. One reason for this is that the understanding of disc is based on scholarship from a number of academic disciplines that are quite different from one another, such as, the philosophy of lang, pragmatics, sociolinguistics. In a very general sense, two definitions are prevalent in the field, which underlie two different assumptions about the general nature of lang and the goals of linguistics: the so-called 'structuralism' or 'formalist' approach, and the so-called 'functional' approach. The former defines disc analysis as 'lang above the level of the sentence. Those who practice the formalist approach to lang analyses discourse to find constituents that have certain relationships with one another and occur in a number of arrangements (the sort of linguistic analysis at the level of phonetics, morphology and syntax). We may call this type of approach to the analysis of lang 'sentence linguistics', and it will not be included in the scope of our course for reasons to be explained further down.

3.Definition of text. Text and disc. Text

function.Text and discourse are two terms that are commonly used in linguistics, literature, and lang studies. There are many debates about the interchangeability of these two terms. Some linguistics view text and disc analysis as the same process whereas some others use these two terms to define different concepts. Text can refer to any written material that can be read. Disc is the use of lang in a social context. This is the key difference between text and disc. A text can be defined as an object that can be read, whether it is a work of literature, a lesson written on the blackboard, or a street sign. It is a coherent set of signs that transmits some kind of informative message.Discourse has different definitions depending on the context. In a broad and general sense, disc is considered to be the use of spoken and written lang in a social context.

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