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Образуйте новые слова при помощи префиксов и переведите их : sub-: cutaneous, cortical, febrile, serous, sternal, mucous; in-: sufficient, direct, active, adequate, digestion, complete.
Содержание книги
- Unit 1. The diseases of the respiratory tract
- X. 1. Прочтите текст А. 2. Найдите предложения, в которых употребляется одно из времен группы Perfect Continuous, переведите их.
- Dullness, enlargement, intensity, improvement, clearly, moisture, poisonous, smoothly, thinnish, useless, preventive, severely, indication.
- X. Read and translate Text D using a dictionary,
- Симптомы, характерные для первичного туберкулеза; в пораженном легком; клинические проявления; положительная проба; уплотнение легочной ткани; первичный туберкулез; перкуторный звук.
- Summarize the essence of the second paragraph.
- Какими глаголами выражено сказуемое в этих предложениях и что нового вы заметили в конструкции сложного дополнения.
- У некоторых больных, состоящих на учете, были выявлены неблагоприятные изменения в печени. 6. Все больные с подозрением на рак должны проходить последующие обследования регулярно.
- XIV. 1. Read Text D. 2. Entitle it. 3. What data important for a future doctor does it contain? 4. Put questions.
- При наличии этих нарушений, порок сердца, выявление сердечных шумов.
- XV. Read Text F. Which of the described methods have you got interested in?
- Внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжение, крепкий сон.
- Сейчас этот больной страдает от острой боли в области сердца.
- В сочетании с, в большинстве случаев, в молодом возрасте, под влиянием внешних и внутренних раздражителей, способствовать началу появления язв, никаких характерных клинических проявлений.
- Exacerbation of duodenal ulcers is known to occur in spring and autumn. 2. Renal and splenic infarctions are likely to occur in endocarditis.
- The physician observed the patient’s appetite have been gradually improving since the administration of the adequate preparation.
- XVI. 1. Read Text D. 2. Entitle it. 3. Characterize the pain in this disease.
- To affect, to cause, to decrease, acute, slight, damage, to rise, to perforate, to spread, to enlarge, permanent.
- I. The patient’s condition better, he was allowed to sit up. 2. The procedure over, the nurse left the ward. 3. The surgeon out, I could not talk to him.
- I. Напишите известные вам сочетания слов blood и heart с другими
- Dryness in the mouth, vomiting, nausea, and constipation are the characteristic clinical manifestations of the disease.
- The blood analysis revealed serum bilirubin to be at the level of
- The incidence of gastric cancer: common; women; highest incidence; age; malignant course; young persons; the duration of the disease.
- What diseases may be accompanied by jaundice?
- Д ) if he had taken this drug yesterday, he would have felt an immediate relief. Если бы он принял это лекарство вчера, он почувствовал бы немедленное облегчение.
- Образуйте новые слова при помощи префиксов и переведите их : sub-: cutaneous, cortical, febrile, serous, sternal, mucous; in-: sufficient, direct, active, adequate, digestion, complete.
- XV. 1. Read Text B. 2. Determine the meaning of the words in bold type from the context. 3. Say about what Pasteur spoke in his lecture. 4. What conclusion have you come to having read the text?
- На вашем месте Я назначил бы больному повторный анализ.
- The patient was recommended to follow the treatment for another week lest chills and backache should recur.
- What is sepsis? 9. What analysis is performed to confirm the evidence of diphtheria? 10. What is a severe case of diphtheria characterized by?
- According to the State system of Public Health numerous sanatoriums and rest houses provide our population with qualified medical aid.
- Text B. Medical Service in the USA
- For their heroic deeds about 100,000 medical workers were given Goverment awards. 47 of them became the heroes of the Soviet Union.
- There is no task more important nowadays than the preservation of peace on Earth.
- Измененные - p.p. образует прич. оборот.
- Урок 29. I. бессонный; беззаботный; беспомощный; бездомный; безжизненный; безболезненный; безнадежный; беспокойный.
- Урок 38. IV. 1. the patient to have; 2. the primary focus of infection to have been eliminated; 3. the loss of weight to be one of the typical signs of pulmonary tuberculosis.
- При удвоении согласных слоговая граница проходит между ними: lat-ter.
- Наречия образуют степени сравнения так же, как и прилагательные.
- I can give you my pen. Я могу дать вам свою ручку.
- Времена группы Continuous образуются по общей формуле
- В вопросительной форме первый вспомогательный глагол выносится перед подлежащим.
- Страдательный залог группы Continuous
- Причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle)
- My friend suffering from a severe pain, I called in a doctor.
- By having carried out a number of investigations the scientist was able to isolate the agents of the disease. Проведя ряд исследований, ученый смог выделить возбудителей заболевания.
- Утра. I come back at 7 p.m. (post meridiem - после полудня). - Я возвращаюсь в 7 часов вечера.
- Виды предложений и типывопросов
- Я хочу, чтобы вы пришли в 5 часов.
- На русский язык сказуемое придаточного предложения переводится будущим временем.
X.
Прочтите текст А. 2. Напишите аннотацию этого текста. 3. Найдите и переведите предложение, содержащее сослагательное наклонение.
4. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
Прямой контакт, особое свойство сопротивляемости, в (при) различных условиях, выздоровление наступает, наличие любой инфекции.
Text A. Immunity
Infectious diseases are known to be caused by the invasion and growth of microorganisms in the human body. Infection may result from direct contact with patients or from indirect one.
But the human organism is known to have a specific capacity of resistance against infection, which is called immunity, it being natural and artificial. Under various conditions it may be entirely lacking, it may be relative, rarely it may be absolute. A previous attack of an infectious disease produces a more or less permanent protection against its subsequent infection.
In the course of their growth in the body many pathogenic microorganisms produce virulent poisons or toxins, they causing the characteristic symptoms of a particular disease. To meet the infection the cells of the body produce a chemical antidote which is specific for this particular infection and is known as an antitoxin. If the patient can produce a sufficient amount of this antidote to neutralize the toxins before the vital organs are injured, recovery occurs. If the human body had not this capacity, we should suffer from all infectious diseases.
If the toxin can be isolated from bacterial cultures and injected into men, an artificial immunity can be produced which results from the formation of antitoxin.
The cellular elements of the tissues also take an active part in the protection of the organism against the infection. The presence of any infection usually produces leucocytosis and bacteria in the tissues are surrounded by white cells or phagocytes which prevent the spread of bacteria destroying them.
If the reaction against invading bacteria is insufficient, vaccines may be injected subcutaneously to produce a more active resistance of the protective mechanisms of the body. Vaccines are employed not only to contribute to the treatment of a disease, but to establish an active artificial immunity.
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
XI. Translate the following sentences:
1. If Anton Leeuwenhock (1632-1723) ['liu:ənhuk] had not discovered the specific power (силу) of lenses, he should not have seen the world of microbes. 2. The patient’s sclerae were yellow as if he had jaundice. 3. The patient must be given vaccination lest he should become infected. 4. Chronic gastritis would not be so dangerous to life if the patient were not so young. 5. It is likely that the symptoms should recur since the process of inflammation has not been controlled yet. 6. It is necessary that the patient be administered a strict diet to control gastric pains.
XII. Pick out the appropriate phrase to end the sentences:
1. If the human body had no resistance capacity- (a) people would develop any infectious diseases, (b) even direct contacts with infected people would never result in diseases. 2. If a previous attack of a certain infectious disease did not produce a more or less permanent immunity- (a) all of us would be immune (невосприимчивые) to any subsequent attack of this particular infection, (b) people would lack resistance to subsequent infection.
3. If all of us had absolute immunity- (a) antitoxins would not be able to neutralize toxins, (b) no infectious disease would ever develop in the human organism.
XIII. Finish the sentences using the Complex Object:
1. In the practical therapy class the students watched- (а) как сестра делала больным подкожные и внутримышечные инъекции, (b) как оперировали больного с закупоркой желчных протоков. 2. The scientists have found- (а) что фагоциты окружают и разрушают бактерии, проникшие в ткани, (b) что антитоксины нейтрализуют действие токсинов.
XIV. Pick out the sentences corresponding to Text A:
1. a) Artificial immunity results from prophylactic vaccination. b) Artificial immunity is due to the formation of specific antitoxins.
2. a) Immunity may vary depending on various conditions. b) Immunity may be present only in certain persons. 3. a) Toxins produce the characteristic symptoms of a particular infectious disease. b) Some microorganisms, like mucobacterium tuberculosis, produce little or no toxin during growth.
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