Cookies and Tracking protection

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4.2 Cookies and Tracking protection

Tor browser includes several features to protect user’s HTTP Cookies. By default, Tor browser blocks third-party cookies limiting the amount of information that websites can collect. Tor browser deletes HTTP Cookies when closed. Users can choose which websites are allowed to use cookies as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Tor browser Cookie settings

Tor browser features a built-in tracker blocker, known as “NoScript”, which permits users to block specific scripts and domains as needed. By default, NoScript automatically blocks most third-party scripts, effectively preventing websites from tracking a user's activity through analytics tools. However, the user can allow scripts to run from trusted websites by creating a whitelist of approved domains [5].

Tor browser allows users to choose between 3 levels of security. Each level of security implements different security measures in order to protect users against tracking and possible attacks [6] as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6. Security levels of the Tor Browser

4.3 Encryption

Tor browser has multiple layers of encryption. For communicating with websites Tor browser uses standard HTTPS encryption, when a user tries to connect to a webserver that does not support HTTPS a warning message is displayed as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7. HTTPS-Only Mode warning in Tor Browser

Tor browser uses SSL/TLS certificates to establish secure connections with websites. When a user visits a website, the Tor browser verifies the website's SSL/TLS certificate to ensure that the website is legitimate and that the user's communication with the website is encrypted [7].

Tor browser offers another layer of protection by using The Onion Routing technique which will be discussed in the following section.

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