Overview of Tor browser privacy features

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3.3 Encryption

Google Chrome uses HTTPS encryption by default to secure data transmission between the user's device and websites. HTTPS encrypts the data being sent between the user's device and the website so that it cannot be intercepted or read by third parties. When a user visits a website that supports HTTPS, their browser will establish a secure connection with the website's server, and all data sent between the two will be encrypted. If a website does not support HTTPS chrome will display a warning message to the user indicating that the connection is not secure as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Error message displayed by Google Chrome

Chrome provides a certificate verification process to ensure that the website being visited is authentic. Chrome checks for the validity of the SSL certificate of a website before loading it. If the SSL certificate is invalid or expired, Chrome will warn the user before proceeding to the site.

4 Overview of Tor browser privacy features

This section of the research work will cover specific privacy features of Tor web browser: browsing history, encryption, cookies and tracking protection. This section will also cover The Onion Routing working principle.

4.1 Browsing history

By default, the Tor browser does not store browsing history locally on user’s device, although there is a possibility for the user to change browsing history setting to store the data locally as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4. Tor browser history settings

Tor browser also offers its users a built-in option called “New Identity” that allows users to start a new browsing session erasing previous activity. If user decides to always use private browsing mode, Tor browser automatically clears browsing history and deletes cookies when the browser is closed [4].

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