The Smritis also declare this.

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15. The Smritis also declare this.

“All evil-doers go to hell and this is not to be doubted; there, having been put to torments, those who hate Janardana, surely fall down; and as for those that have fallen into the ‘Maha Tamas’ (the great hell of darkness), there is no rising out of it. But for other sinners there is the possibility of rising up. In all (other) places, there is the alternation of pleasure and pain and vice verse but in the hell called the Panchakasta, (the place of eternal damnation), there is eternal pain”; and so on.

16. (The authors of Smritis speak) also of the seven (chief hells), and of their divisions, eternal and temporary).

Thus in the Bharata, “The temporary hells are said to be Raurava, Maha-raurava, Vanhi, Vaitarani, and Kumbheepaka; and the two eternal hells are properly called Darkness and Blinding Darkness. These are the seven chief hells in the ascending order of horribleness. By regularly going through these only, ascent or descent takes place.”

It is not proper to think that the Supreme Lord is present in hell; but the Kausharava Shruti says to the contrary. “He makes all, He destroys all, He blessed all, He brings sufferings to all, he makes all work, He has entered into all this.” To clear this doubt the Sutrakara says:

17. And because even there everything proceeds under His guiding power, there is no contradiction.

By the particle ‘and’ is intimated that the Lord does His work even in hell untouched by anything undesirable. (And) the contradiction ceases to be, as may be, seen from the Pautrayana Shruti, “He is in heaven; He is on the earth. He is in hell; He is in the Blinding Darkness; He dwells everywhere as the sole master of all activity. But the Lord is not subject to the experience of pain or misery; for He is all-powerful, He sees everything and causes everything to be done; and (even) he who knows this is exempt from the experience of misery”. It is also said in the Bhagavata Tantra. “The Lord, though present in hell, cannot be said to experience the sufferings; for the suffering or experience is said to consist in the notion of being exalted or depressed; and the Lord is not subject to such exaltation or depression of notions; but as the ruler of all He only sees them (is only their witness)”.

“Now by neither of these two paths all these inferior souls of mixed character go. They are beings that frequently go and return; and they have a third place where they are frequently born and dead” (Ch. V. 10.8.). From this Shruti it appears that the beings are independent in the matter of passage. Here the Sutrakara says:

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