And on account of direct perception.

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21. And on account of direct perception.

Further, that the lowermost hell of darkness is a place of absolute misery is established by the statement in the Padma of Brahma’s direct perception, which is, “Through the grace of the Lord Narayana, with the eye of wisdom, Brahma, the four-paced directly saw the three classes of beings, those who are for ever immersed in absolute misery and deprived of all pleasure, those in great numbers who are eternally of mixed character, (and) those from whom all misery or pain has been banished and on whom unmixed enjoyment of bliss is for ever bestowed.”

22. From the very description of the third, there would result loss of sense on account of the feeling of horror.

Of the third (region) of the third hell of Darkness, from mere hearing, according to the strength of the description, one may fall into a swoon on account of the feeling of extreme horror.

23. And (this is also seen) from Smriti.

“The Maha Tamas is said to consist of three regions; the topmost, the middle, the nethermost. Since mere hearing of the nethermost region described would bring on swoon, etc., O best of kings, it is not described to you at length” (Kurmapurana).

“Having become smoke, he becomes cloud”, etc. (Ch. V. 10.5). In these Shrutis, the soul, it seems, is said to become transformed into other things (i.e., is said to attain to the state of being another). The question arises how it can be. In answer, the Sutrakara says:

24. The attaining (to the state of another) consists in attaining to a state similar to that of another, on account of this being possible (reasonable).

The attaining to the state of smoke, etc., is only entering into smoke and other things, to go when they go, to stop where they stop, and so on. For it is riot possible that one should attain to a state of absolute identity with another; nor can it be attaining to the rank of smoke etc. This is also said in the Garuda; “The attaining to the state of being smoke, etc., is but moving along with them (when they) are in motion, stopping while they stop, entering into them and becoming as light, etc., as they are. For it is not admitted by the wise that one becomes another or, attains to the rank of another; and (any celestial) rank is only to be reached by (superior) knowledge; consequently it cannot be obtained by works. By participating in their character, it is just possible to speak of them as being identical (non-different), just as the soul is called the Supreme Brahman, and Brahman, this world.”

It seems that the soul that has once attained to Svarga by virtue of his sacrificial acts takes a long time to enter into a body after he starts from Svarga; and, as he has to pass, and stay at, many stages on the way, that may occupy him all the time till the end of Brahmakalpa.

To remove this doubt the Sutrakara says:

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