Обратите внимание на вопрос: "must I. . . . " следует отвечать: “yes, You must. "— если ответ утвердительный, и "no, You needn't. "— если ответ отрицательный.

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2) Обратите внимание на вопрос: "Must I...?" Следует отвечать: “Yes, you must."— если ответ утвердительный, и "No, you needn't."— если ответ отрицательный.

dare

сметь, посметь (в вопросе и отрицании - не сметь), дерзнуть, осмелиться

Dare I translate it? — Осмелюсь ли я это перевести?

I dared not translate it.— Я не осмелился это перевести.

Dare может употребляться так же, как обычный глагол. Тогда он имеет обычные формы спряжения и после него используется инфинитив с частицей to. Do I dare to tell her the truth? (обычный глагол) Dare I tell her the truth? (модальный глагол)

THE SYSTEM OF ENGLISH TENSES  PASSIVE VOICE

GROUP

TENSE

SIMPLE

Факты, простые, обычные действия, регулярные

PROGRESSIVE

Длительные действия происходят в данный момент, в момент речи

PERFECT

Действие завершилось и имеет результат

PERFECT

PROGRESSIVE

Процесс уже в течении некоторого периода времени

INFINITIVE

To be + V_{3 (ed)}

To be being + V_{3 (ed)}

To have been + V_{3 (ed)}

-

P

R

E

S

E

N

T

Every day

Now

Already

-

am

is           V_{3 (ed)}

are

am

is    + being V_{3 (ed)}

are

have

has

+ been V_{3 (ed)}

The letter is written (every day).

The letter is being written now.

The letter has already beenwritten.

P

A

S

T

Yesterday

At 5 o’clock yesterday

By 5 o’clock yesterday

-

was

were

V_{3 (ed)}

was

were

+ being V_{3 (ed)}

had +been V_{3 (ed)}

It was written yesterday.

It was being written at 5 o’clock yesterday.

It had been written by 5 o’clock yesterday.

F

U

T

U

R

E

Tomorrow

-

By 5 o’clock tomorrow

-

shall

will

+ be V_{3 (ed)}

shall

will

+ have + been V_{3 (ed)}

It will be written tomorrow

It will have been written by 5 o’clock tomorrow.

FUTURE-IN-THE-PAST

should

would

+ be V_{3 (ed)}

-

should

would

+ have + been V_{3 (ed)}

-

THE SYSTEM OF ENGLISH TENSES  ACTIVE VOICE

GROUP

TENSE

SIMPLE

Факты, простые, обычные действия, регулярные

PROGRESSIVE

Длительные действия происходят в данный момент, в момент речи

PERFECT

Действие завершилось и имеет результат

PERFECT

PROGRESSIVE

Процесс уже в течении некоторого периода времени

INFINITIVE

To V

To be V_(ing)

To have V₃

To have been V_(ing)

P

R

E

S

E

N

T

Every day

Now

Already

Already for 2 hours

V/V_{s (he, she, it)}

-   ?    do/does V_–

to be

am_{( I )}

is_{(he, she, it)}

are_{(we, you, they)}

+ V_(ing)

have

has_{(he, she, it)}

+ V_{3 (ed)}

have

has

+been V_(ing)

I write every day.

She is writing now.

We have just written.

They have already been writing since 5 o’clock.

P

A

S

T

Yesterday

At 5 o’clock yesterday

By 5 o’clock yesterday

For 2 hours when he came

V_{2 (ed)}

-   ?    did V_–

to be

was_{(I, he, she, it)}

were

+ V_(ing)

had + V_{3 (ed)}

had + been V_(ing)

I wrote yesterday.

She was writing at 5 o’clock yesterday.

We had written by 5 o’clock yesterday.

They had been writing for 2 hours when he came.

F

U

T

U

R

E

Tomorrow

At 5 o’clock tomorrow

By 5 o’clock tomorrow

For 2 hours when he came tomorrow

shall_{(I, we)}  

will _{(you, he, she)}

+ V

shall

will

+be V_(ing)

shall

will

+have V_{3 (ed)}

shall

will

+have been V_(ing)

I shall write tomorrow.

She will be writing at 5 o’clock tomorrow.

We shall have written by 5 o’clock tomorrow.

They will have been writing for 2 hours when he comes tomorrow

FUTURE-IN-THE-PAST

should

would

+ V

should

would

+ be V_(ing)

should

would

+ have V_{3 (ed)}

should

would

+ have + been V_(ing)

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