Характеристика модальных глаголов

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Характеристика модальных глаголов

can

возможность, способность, позволение

We can go to the theatre tonight.

He can speak three languages.

Can I have your telephone number.

could

возможность, способность в прошлом

She could not visit us for she was busy.

He could not use Word Perfect but now he can.

may

вероятность, позволение

May be I am wrong.

May I borrow some money from you?

might

вероятность

I thought he might help me.

must

необходимость, сильное долженствование,

логический вывод.

This letter must be sent today.

You must learn this text by heart.

I don’t see John anywhere; he must have left early.

John is absent; he must be sick again.

shall

будущее “с акцентом”, то есть требование,

твердая уверенность, обещание.

We shall overcome!

The payment shall be made in advance.

should

совет, обязательство, предложение.

You should consult your doctor.

I should work hard in order to become an expert.

I wonder why the door should be locked.

will

простое будущее

I will visit you sometime later.

would

условие

I would like some information about the hotels.

I would rather have a Pepsi than beer.

ought (to)

моральный долг

You ought to be kind to your colleagues.

have (to)

вынужденная необходимость

I have to work overtime this week in order to buy a new dress

be (to)

долженствование

The plane is to land according to the schedule.

needn’t

отсутствие необходимости

You needn’t hurry; we’ve got plenty of time.

You needn’t have booked the ticket, you could buy it before the flight.

но: I didn’t need to go there, so I didn’t go. 

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