akṣaramambarāntadhṛteḥ ..1.3.10..

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SUTRA I. 3. 10.

अक्षरमम्बरान्तधृतेः॥१.३.१०॥

akṣaramambarāntadhṛteḥ ..1.3.10..

… Aksharam, the imperishable: the Brahman. .. Ambaranta, end of space or ether, or up to ether. Dhriteh, because of supporting.

10. The Imperishable, referred to in Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, III, 8. 11., is the Supreme Brahman, because we find it declared in this passage that He supports even that which is the end of ether (or everything up to ether). — 74.

COMMENTARY

The Akshara or the Imperishable is the Supreme Brahman, because the text declares that He supports that which lies beyond ether, namely, the uninvolved matter or Avyakrita. Since this Imperishable supports even the Akasha or ether, and everything below it, He must be Brahman.

But even Pradhana supports everything up to ether, because it is the cause of all the modified objects in the universe, and so the Imperishable may be Pradhana, or it may refer to the Jiva, which is the support of all non-intelligent objects that it experiences or enjoys. To this doubt the author answers by the next Sutra:

SUTRA I. 3. 11.

सा च प्रशासनात्॥१.३.११॥

sā ca praśāsanāt ..1.3.11..

… Sa, that, namely, the quality of supporting everything up to space or ether. .. Cha, and. …. Prashasanat, because of the command.

11. This supporting must refer to Brahman, because the text says that it is through command that such supporting takes place. — 75.

COMMENTARY

The supporting of everything up to space, can only be in Brahman alone, because the text says that it is by command alone that such supporting takes place, and such Supreme command cannot belong either to Pradhana or to Jiva. The following text shows the command:

9. «By the command of that Akshara (the imperishable), O Gargi, sun and moon stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gargi, heaven and earth stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gargi, what are called moments (Nimesha), hours (Muhurta), days and nights, half months, months, seasons, years, all stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gargi, some rivers flow to the East from white mountains, others to the West, of to any other quarter. By the command of that Akshara, O Gargi, men praise those who give, the gods follow the sacrificer, the father, the Darvi-offering».

Now this supporting everything by one’s mere will and command is impossible in the case of Pradhana, which being non-intelligent cannot give any command, nor does any bound Jiva can give this command nor any Mukta Jiva also.

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