ata eva na devatā bhūtaṃ ca ..1.2.28..

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SUTRA I. 2. 28.

अत एव न देवता भूतं च॥१.२.२८॥

ata eva na devatā bhūtaṃ ca ..1.2.28..

.. Ata eva, therefore, for this reason also. .. Na, not .. Devata, the presiding deity of fire. … Bhutam, the element of fire, Cha, and.

28. For the same reason Vaishvanara is not the presiding deity of fire, nor the element fire — 59.

COMMENTARY

An objector says: The presiding deity of fire is a mighty being, possessing great lordliness, power, and heaven, etc., may very appropriately be its head and other members, and therefore the passage may very well apply to him. It may also apply to the elemental fire also. Thus the following Mantra of the Rig Veda shows that Agni also possesses the same attributes (Rig Veda, X, 88. 3):

Who in the form of ‘sun pervades the earth, the heaven and the interspace, that Fire, etc.

To this objection, we reply, that for the reasons already given Vaishvanara is not the deity of fire, nor the elemental fire, but the Supreme Brahman. No doubt, in the Mantra above quoted, Agni is spoken of in very high terms, but they are mere words of praise and should not be taken in their literal sense.

Note: We rather think that Agni praised in hymn 88 of Book X of the Rig Veda may very well mean the Supreme Lord or His first begotten, the Anointed, the Pranal Sacrifice.

The word Agni itself directly and primarily denotes the Supreme Brahman also, just like the word Vaishvanara. This is the opinion of Jaimini and the author mentions it in the next Sutra.

SUTRA I. 2. 29.

साक्षादप्यविरोधं जैमिनिः॥१.२.२९॥

sākṣādapyavirodhaṃ jaiminiḥ ..1.2.29..

.. Sakshat, directly. .. Api, also. … Avirodham, no objection; no contradiction… Jaiminih, the sage Jamini.

29. Jaimini is of opinion that the word «Agni» directly may denote the Supreme Brahman, without any contradiction. — 60.

COMMENTARY

As the word Vaishvanara literally means «He to whom belong all men», or «who is the leader (Nara) of all (Vishva)», so the word Agni and similar other Vedic words denote etymologically the Supreme Brahman. Agni is derived from the root «Agi» to go; with the suffix ‘Ni’. ‘…’ Agni thus means: «He who leads others» or «who gives birth to all others». Angayati iti agnih: «the producer or generator of all», or Agre nayati iti agnih. Therefore, etymologically the word Agni means Vishnu, and so there is no contradiction in the phrase «Agnih vaishvanara»; for both mean the same thing.

In the above passage of the Chhandogya Upanishad under discussion, Agni vaishvanara is described as having the size of a span. How can the non-limited Brahman be limited by the measure of a Pradesha or a span? To this objection the author answers by the following Sutras:

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