Course: Pharmacology Group: LA1-193-1 


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Course: Pharmacology Group: LA1-193-1

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Course: Pharmacology Group: LA1-193-1

DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANDIDIASIS: MECHANISM, SPECTRUM, TYPE OF ACTION, SIDE EFFECTS. WRITE OUT PRESCRIPTIONS.

Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection due to any type of Candida, which affects the mouth and genital organs. Commonly called thrush, candidiasis symptoms include itching in affected areas, soreness and problems with swallowing and “Cheese-like discharge” from the vagina, amongst others.

Drugs for the treatment of Candidiasis include:

 

1. Fluconazole
Used to treat systemic mycoses.

Mechanism: Inhibits fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes. These enzymes are required for successful synthesis of ergosterol a critical component of the fungal cell wall.

Spectrum: Fungal diseases such as Candidiasis, Athlete’s foot, etc

Type of Action:Systemic

Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity

Prescription
:
Rp.: Fluconazoli 0,05
D.t.d. No20 in caps.
S. 1-2 caps. PO 1 t/d during 2-4 weeks.

 

 

2. Nystatin
Treating candidiasis of the digestive tract, skin, and oropharynx.


Mechanism:
It is an ionophore and forms pores in the membrane of fungi that leads to K + leakage, acidification, and death.

Spectrum: Candida spp, Histoplasma, Cryptococcus, and dermatophytes.

Type of Action: Systemic

Side Effects: Mouth irritation

Prescription:
Rp.: Supp. Cum Nystatino 500000 U
D.t.d. No 20
S. 1 Supp. Per rectum 2 t/d

3.  Amphotericin B

Is a naturally occurring, polyene macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus.

Mechanism: Binds to Ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, forming a pore through which Potassium and other small molecules are lost through, causing cell death.

Spectrum: Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis and many strains of aspergillus.

Type Of Action: Systemic

Side Effects: Fever and Chills

Prescription:
Rp.: Amphotericini B 0.25%, 10ml

D.t.d. 1,5mg/kg
S. Slowly IV 1 t/d within a period of 2-6hours

Thank you.

 

 



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