Pinnazhagu after Yennai Kaappu

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PASURAM 9

thoomaNi maadaththu sutrum viLakkeriya(th) thoopam kamazha(th) thuyilaNaimEl kaN vaLarum maamaan magaLE maNi(k) kadhavam thaazh thiRavaay maameer avaLai ezhuppeerO un magaL thaan oomaiyO anRi sevidO ananthalO Ema(p) perunN thuyil mandhira(p) pattaaLO maamaayan maadhavan vaikundhan enRenRu naamam palavum navinRElOr empaavaai

In this pasuram, Andal establishes that Bhagavan's holy names are more powerful than Bhagavan Himself and they can grant the wishes of the devotees faster. Draupadi in order to get liberated from the offence thrust upon her, pleaded to the Lord chanting His divine names "Shankha­chakra­gadaa­paani! Dwaraka­vaasa! Achyutha! Govinda! Pundarikaksha! I have surrendered unto you" and in no time even as DucchAsana kept pulling her saree garment, they just kept coming. Kannan was deep in worry when he was ready to go back to Srivaikuntham after having hit by an arrow. He was worried thinking that He could not help Draupadi, who had such a strong belief in Him. When he was told not to worry as He had protected her maanam by providing an unceasing supply of clothing (saree), He said that it was only His divine names, which had done that deed and He who was the owner of all those holy names had done nothing.

Likewise, the elephant that was caught in the jaws of the crocodile cried out His divine names, Narayana! Manivanna! NaagaNaiya! Aadhimoolam and obtained protection from Him.

The Gopis move to another house, which was that of a wealthy lady. One could see things enmeshed in precious gemstones (ratna and mani). Mangala deepams were lit all around and the glitter of the wealth resembled sunshine. Seats and beds that were prepared for Kannan were beautifully decorated. Since it was brightly decked, they could see their friend inside the house. Amidst the surroundings filled with rich fragrance.

“Oh girl! How could you take pleasure by sleeping on a soft cushion, while we, suffering from the pangs of separation from Kannan are sensing this fragrance to be very unpleasant and the soft bed of flowers seems like a burning one. She is the one who has suffered separation from Kannan out of a playful indignation. She now expects Kannan to come and take her with Him. Don’t you understand this you girl! Open the latch of the door”, said they.

“Why don’t you open the door for yourselves”, said she from inside. “We are not able to see the latch properly in this glitter”, said they. Then her mother wakes up and says “Get up oh child. How could you be asleep when so many people are calling you from outside?” Having heard this voice, her friends standing outside started shouting “Oh! Aunt, could you kindly wake her up? But they were not successful in waking her up yet.

One of her friends with anger said, “Aunt, is your daughter dumb? Why doesn’t she speak?” while another one said “Oh! are you deaf?”, A third one then said, “No, no, I feel she has been with Kannan joyfully all the time and has come just now perhaps and so is taking some rest to ease her strain”. A fourth one then said “I think someone must have cast a spell on her by using ammaanpodi or sukku podi, that has made her sleep so long.”

To this Andal says, “Sing the names of the Lord to wake her up.”

“Is that so? Maamaayaa – One who can attract girls with his magic, Madhava – One who is the consort of Lakshmi, Vaikunthaa

 – One who resides in a supreme place.” They could not wake her up yet. They then started to sing the thousand holy names of the Lord, and soon her friend was out of her sleep and joined them happily.

Here Andal remains blind in seeing the mistakes of others, remains dumb when it comes to accusing others and remains deaf when it comes to hearing ill about others and preaches that if the sahasranamam of the Lord is recited everyday, then that shall increase one’s devotion towards Paraman and bring in all round happiness, at the same time driving away all evil deeds.

PASURAM 10

nOtru(ch) chuvarkkam puguginRa ammanaay! maatramum thaaraarO vaasal thiRavaadhaar naaRRa(th) thuzhaay mudi naaraayaNan nammaal pOtra(p) paRai tharum puNNiyanaal pandu oru naaL kootraththin vaay veezhndha kumba karaNanum thOtrum unakkE perunthuyil thaan thandhaanO aatra anandhal udaiyaay arungalamE thEtramaay vandhu thiRavElOr empaavaai

In this pasuram, the greatness of Sharanagati (self­surrender) has been brought out. After one performs sharanagati at the feet of Paraman, Paraman Himself will look after all his needs and welfare. And so after having performed sharanagati, we place all the responsibility of our protection at His feet. After this the sharanagathan can be relieved of all worries and can concentrate on serving Him and can obtain happiness and the bliss of moksham.

The house of the maid of this pasuram is close to Nandagopan’s house. Kannan used to pay visits to her house once in a while and she performed Sharanagati at the feet of Kannan. Now that there is no other upayam to be performed, she is asleep free of all worries. Not having realised this, they are trying to wake her up. When she lay asleep even after dawn they said “Oh dear girl! Our Mistress! How do we observe the nombu, if you remain asleep like this? As if you would get the benefits of this nombu without observing it. (In reality she was not interested in observing this nombu as she had already performed sharanagati at the feet of Kannan). Oh girl! We feel that you could be our guide and our companion and so are we inviting you, but alas you are still asleep”.

But this girl never spoke a word. Just as how Sita matha at Ashoka vanam was enjoying the glories of Sri Rama sung by Hanuman, so was this girl enjoying the glories of Kannan being talked about by her friends at the door. She remained silent as she was also a little indignant owing to the fact that her friends addressed her as “our mistress (Yajamani)“, while she considered herself to be a slave of Kannan and his devotees.

Her friends remained at the door blinking. They said to each other “Let alone the locked door. She is silent too. If she is a rich girl, then she should welcome bhaktas and guests who come to her door and exchange pleasantries with them. If she has given herself to Kannan, she could give us her words at least. Oh Friend, should our eyes and ears starve for not having been able to see you or hear from you?

The maid who was inside, now speaks, “Oh my dear friends! You are putting blame on me. Do you think Kannan is here?”

Her friends then spoke, “Do you think you will be able to keep the fragrance of the temple (chandanam) sandalwood paste away from us?” To which, she replied “just because you smell the fragrance of chandanam and thiruththuzhaai (tulasi), does it mean Kannan should be here?”

“Yes my dear maid, if Kannan held you close even once, then the fragrance won’t go off even after half a dozen baths.” said they. “How can Kannan get into a house that is so well guarded”, said she in anger. Her friends then replied, “Should Kannan try to get the door opened, like us? He only cannot find his way out once he gets in”.

Having thought that it is useless to continue this dialogue anymore, she started to act asleep and began to snore aloud. “Oh friend! Do you listen? Did Kumbhakarana give you his sleep before departing from this world? He just separated one, and how could you sleep having separated all of us? Why do you feel so lazy at the crack of dawn?“ Not willing to take this blame, she immediately woke up and came down. Seeing her coming down her friends said, “You were talking to us from upstairs till now and be careful when you step your way down. Let’s go to take a holy dip”.

PASURAM 11

kaRRu(k) kaRavai(k) kaNangaL pala kaRandhu setraar thiRalazhiya(ch) chenRu seru(ch) cheyyum kutram onRilaadha kOvalar tham poRkodiyE putru aravu alkul punamayilE pOdharaay sutraththu thOzhimaar ellaarum vandhu nin mutram pugundhu mugil vaNNan pEr paada siRRaadhE pEsaadhE selva peNdaatti nee eRRukku uRangum poruLElOr empaavaai

After the birth of Kannan, it is believed that even the old cattle turned back to the younger days. It is said that king Dasharatha, found himself back in his youth after the birth of Sri Rama. Such is the effect of one’s association with the Lord. It is difficult to keep count of the cattle individually. It is also difficult to keep track of them in herds. Taking this advantage, the celestials descended on the earth in the form of cattle and endeared themselves to Lord Krishna. Kannan is popularly upheld as a master cowherd who milked the entire herd. He made the livestock flourish with richness. The cowherds would not continue with their trading of milk and ghee. They proclaimed that they followed their practice of milking the cows, only to free them off their soreness. They were determined to fight the offenders like Kamsa and the like, who would dare touch upon the pristine glories of Kannan. They would not harm one who had put their weapon down. They were akin to Sri Rama and showed the magnanimity of allowing their opponents to retire and came back the next day. Andal continues addressing one of her mates “Oh illustrious! The one who is upheld as the celebrity of the town, oh beauty personified! Your bewitching charm makes the women folk lament for not having been born as men. Your grace and the beauty of your tresses that resemble the feathers of a peacock do enchant Lord Krishna and us. Arise therefore and join us in our journey.”

The maid questions from inside “Have the others joined you yet?” To this, comes the reply “You do know well about the entire habitation of AyarpAdi. We have all come and gathered in front of your dwelling now”. The maid replies, “Why did you choose mine? That place is reserved for my Kannan when he comes to meet me.” Andal replies, “It is indeed to sing the divine names of the Lord who has the hue of the rain bearing cloud and who is the object of your choicest delight”. Having heard of the mention of the Lord with the dark hue of the cloud that referred to Kannan, the maid plunged into a delightful ecstasy immersing herself in Kannan’s glories and withdrew herself back to her bed even without taking notice of the breaking day.

Andal replies, “You are his favourite wife. Your heart is now filled with the bliss of having heard the glories of Kannan and you have immersed yourself in his virtues. It would be our fortune if we get to go to our morning showers in your company. You have retired back to your bed, refusing our invitation. Is this really worth a thing? The greatest bliss is indeed to join in the celebration along with the Lord’s sub­servients. Why are you acting like a recluse in self­ experience? Why are you still in a slumber forgetting your ambition, failing to consider our desperate pleas and at the same time overlooking the possibility of the wonderful fortune of joining with Kannan. Had Kannan not been in your house, and then you too would have participated in our observances of nombu. Is it not?

Inner purport – Preceptors who are like the cattle impart the milk of divine teachings to their disciples who are like the calves. Wealth does not join a Jeevan in his spiritual journey. It only bestows momentary material pleasure. The divine names of the Lord, on the other hand bestow one with the eternal wealth of beatitude.

PASURAM 12

kanaiththu iLam kaRRerumai kanRukku irangi ninaiththu mulai vazhiyE ninRu paal sOra nanaiththu illam sERaakkum naR chelvan thangaay panith thalai veezha nin vaasaR kadai patri(ch) chinaththinaal then ilangai(k) kOmaanai(ch) cheRRa manaththukku iniyaanai(p) paadavum nee vaay thiRavaay iniththaan ezhundhiraay eedhenna pEr uRakkam anaiththu illaththaarum aRindhElOr empaavaai

kanaiththu – Andal goes to the house of one by name Sudama, in order to see her friend who had not yet joined them in spite of repeated invitations. Sudama is to Kannan as Lakshmana is to Sri Rama. They are never to be separated and Sudama considers it his greatest fortune to be always with Kannan in his servitude. Kannan blessed him with immense opulence. The cattle of AayarpAdi had equal numbers of cows and buffaloes as well. He had immense number of buffaloes under his roof. Having none to milk them, the buffaloes were left to think of their calves, and in no time their milk started flowing out similar to a big shower of rain. The floors were drenched with milk and it soon assumed the looks of slush. Just as how Lakshmana followed Sri Rama to the forests, to be in his servitude, similarly Sudama considered, being in the servitude of Kannan as his biggest fortune and kept following him neglecting his household completely. Andal along with her mates goes to the house of Sudama, to wake his sister up. The doorstep is drowned in a slush flow of milk while the misty dew makes its way from the skies. Amidst the floods of milk below and the dew on top, the damsels with the flood of love for Kannan in their hearts, Andal and her friends call their friend out by holding firmly to the door grip. They say aloud “Oh gracious sister of the wealthy Sudama, come out at once and participate with us in observing this nombu in order to behold our beloved Kannan”.

To this, the maid from the house replies, “To behold Kannan? Oh I would never come. He knows not the lament of a lady’s heart. He tries more with his mischief. Shukacharya and the Azhwars have elucidated Kannan to have incarnated in thirty­six ways. He is one who came as a tortoise, fish and lion. But has he ever taken the guise of a damsel once? No. How would he know of the lament of a lady’s heart? A few quote his incarnation as Mohini, the celestial beauty. But he deceived everyone only by his attire and not by taking an incarnation.” Thus she was adamant in not joining them for the spiritual observances.

To this the maids said that Kannan and Sri Rama were the incarnations of the same supreme Lord and said that they were indeed praying to avail an epiphany of Sri Rama and not Kannan. They continued saying that Sri Rama had vowed to monogamy and had struggled his ways through the dense forests in search of his wife and finally with the assistance of the king of monkeys was able to lay siege to the beautiful city of Lanka and unfettered his queen from the evil Ravana’s clutches. He even liberated Ahalya into a beautiful woman, who, stayed earlier as a stone. Having listened to all these renditions, the maid from inside finally gave her approval to join the ensemble. Andal had equal love for Sri Rama too and hence addressed him as her beloved “manaththukku iniyaanai”. Sri Rama and his legend are indeed great sources of solace for the mind. Kannan and his deeds are likewise to the eyes. The thievery of curd, clothes and the like only denote the purport that Kannan steals all the sins from those who surrender unto him completely. The incarnations of Sri Rama and Krishna are indeed of remarkable importance. Many a hermits have lost their hearts to the beauty of Sri Rama and have lamented for not being born as women. It is said that these hermits assumed their next births as the womenfolk of AayarpAdi when Sri Rama descended as Kannan. “Dispose off your sleep and join us to sing of the beloved Sri Rama” said they all inviting their friend to join them.

Preceptors out of their compassion impart the milk of knowledge to deserving disciples and effect their upliftment. Such an Acharya is therefore more beloved to a disciple when compared to Paraman Himself. As Swamy Madhurakavi says “நண்ணித்தென்குருகூர் நம்பி என்றக்கால். அண்ணிக்கும் அமுதூறும் என் நாவுக்கே”

PASURAM 13

puLLin vaay keendaanai(p) pollaa arakkanai(k) kiLLi(k) kaLaindhaanai(k) keerththi mai paadi(p) pOy(p) piLLaigaL ellaarum paavai(k) kaLampukkaar veLLi ezhundhu viyaazham uRangiRRru puLLum silambina kaaN pOdhari(k) kaNNinaay kuLLa(k) kuLira(k) kudaindhu neeraadaadhE paLLi(k) kidaththiyO! paavaay! nee nan naaLaal kaLLam thavirndhu kalandhElOr empaavaai

In the previous verse, Andal sung about the beloved Sri Rama. AayarpAdi is the place where Kannan incarnated and would perform his joyful deeds that were the objects of adulation of each and every inhabitant. Is it agreeable to praise Shiva at the abode of Thiruvarangan, the crown jewel of Vaishnavism? Having taken the name of Sri Rama, many were moved to a state of mild disagreement. Andal therefore begins to laud Kannan, who killed the demon Bakasura sent by Kamsa in the guise of a crane. One of her mates who intimately adored Sri Rama was then moved to a state of melancholy. To soothe her, Andal continues with the words “pollaa arakkanai(k) kiLLi(k) kaLaindhaan” ­lauding Sri Rama as one who plucked out the ten heads of the

evil Ravana in one attempt. Sri Rama and Krishna were one and the same to her. The killing of Bakasura who was in the guise of a crane and the killing of the evil Ravana were one and the same. Both were demons of superlative evilness. The term … may also be attributed to the tearing of the demon Hiranyakashipu by Narasimha. Sri Rama’s valour, beauty and virtues inspire one to celebrate Him. Ravana admired the valour of Rama, his sister Shurpanakha fell for his beauty while his brother Vibhishana dwelled upon Rama’s auspicious virtues.

Andal continues saying “Enjoying and celebrating thus, our ensemble has already reached the banks of Yamuna, where we would be blessed with the epiphany of Kannan. But you alas, are still in a state of slumber.” The maid replies “Oh well it is still not day­break”. Andal replies back saying “Oh that was anything but intelligible. Shukran has already ascended the horizon while Guru has set”. The mate replies, “Oh they might have got themselves deceived by mistaking some other celestial objects to be Guru and Shukran”

Andal replies saying, “Oh dear friend, you adorn the eyes of a beautiful deer. Your eyes also resemble the flowers of Kuvalai. They are like beautiful flowers. You seem to be avoiding the holy dip in the river before daybreak being afraid of losing your beauty of the eyes. You are indeed capable of enthralling Kannan with the beauty of your eyes. He adorns the eyes of lotus and is the refuge in which all the worlds reside. We are indeed captivated by the beauty of both of your eyes and thus derive great delight from it. All our expeditions are greatly assisted by your beauty. The couch on which Kannan would have rested would give out the fragrance of Brahma gandham. You have now privileged yourself to cuddle on such a couch. Do you not hear the chirping of birds? Our elders have also decided to go with Kannan and observe this nombu and have already assembled. Do not give up this opportunity. This is the day when we will play water sport with Him in the Yamuna and then would rest ourselves on his laps listening to His sweet music and enjoying his virtues. If you give up this, then the days to come would be separating us out. Do not miss out relishing something that has come to your clasp. Do not end up on the bed in a reclusive conversation of Krishnan. Come out and join us in celebrating the Lord together”

The samsara is an ocean of high tides. Amidst this is our body with its physical faculties like the island of Lanka. It is reined by an evil mind like Ravana with its ten heads of iniquitous attributes. The Seetha like Jeevathma is tormented by the vicious influences of the demons that are the iniquitous virtues of the evil mind. In such a situation, a Hanuman like preceptor imparts us with the essentials of esoteric knowledge (tattvopadesham) and makes us attain the holy confluence with our Lord Sriman Narayana and his eternal service in beatitude. This is the hidden purport that goes with the phrase “pollaa arakkanai(k) kiLLi(k) kaLaindhaan”.

PASURAM 14

ungaL puzhakkadai(th) thOttaththu vaaviyuL sengazhuneer vaay negizhndhu aambal vaay koombina kaaN sengaR podi(k) koorai veNpal thavaththavar thangaL thirukkOyil sangiduvaan pOdhanRaar engaLai munnam ezhuppuvaan vaaypEsum nangaay ezhundhiraay naaNaadhaay naavudaiyaay sangOdu chakkaram Endhum thadakkaiyan pangaya(k) kaNNaanai(p) paadElOr empaavaai

The young womenfolk of AayarpAdi had decided to observe the ritual nombu for the well being of the entire community. The lady in this house had agreed to join the ensemble early in the morning and had taken up the responsibility of waking up the rest of the group. But she sleeps tight having forgotten the same. Andal and her maids try to awaken this friend of theirs in this verse. They say, "Oh dear friend, flowers like lotus and senkazhuneer bloom in splendor at day­break under the rays of the rising sun. Flowers like Aambal (night queen) bloom while the moon is in rise and remain so until daybreak. While on our way, we have seen the bloom of senkazhuneer and the droop of the Aambal into a bud. You may see the same among the flowers too." Thus did they try to wake her up giving here all the signs of dawn. Andal continued saying "You might accuse me of manually flowering the beautiful bud. Let me give you a more satisfactory elucidation".

"Are you not able to hear the rhythm of the conch that is being blown from the temple, by the populace, who have freshened up themselves into a neat holy attire after having spent an enchanting night relishing on beetle leaves and nuts? It is also the time now for preceptors of the monastic order to take the holy bath, perform their penances, their ordained duties and the worship of the Lord. Wake up now immediately and join us"

These pleas also went unheard. With an air of indignation, Andal continues, "Oh friend, well. You told us yesterday to be ready to go to the Yamuna early in the morning and that it would be your responsibility to wake up all those who would still be asleep. It is indeed a noble virtue to do, what one speaks. But it is acceptably a difficult virtue too. It is easy for everyone to make statements. It has come true in your case that people do not do what they promise to. You have spent devoted loving moments with our Kannan. It would therefore not befit you to be a liar".

"Since you have been very intimate to Kannan and you have been privileged to receive him and his glories completely in your heart, we are determined not to go to the nombu ritual without you. Kannan would come only if you do so. Arise therefore and quench our cravings for Kannan" said they. These pleas went with the wind as before. Continuing with indignation, they said "We are not ashamed of you for having wronged on your word. Do not question the fact that when so many of us are going, what is your necessity to be there. You are privileged with the most wonderful art of speech. Just as how Sri Rama was enthralled with Hanuman's words in his very first meeting, so will Kannan fall to your words. We request you therefore to help us in uplifting ourselves by singing the glories of Kannan, who dwells in the love filled heart of yours and who captivates us by His divine form adorning the conch and the discus and who enthralls us with his beautiful eyes that are like the lotus in full bloom and whose eye lashes are drawn long and neat" Having listened to these words, the damsel immediately rushed out from her house to join the ensemble to Yamuna.

The preceptors who are well­versed in the shastras, who are blessed with the wealth of erudition, who are endowed with auspicious virtues, who behold inherent virtues like compassion and who have won over the faculties, impart to the subjects of the Lord, the ways and means to emancipate from the cycle of transmigrating samsara and to attain the eternal bliss of beatitude.

PASURAM 15

ellE! iLam kiLiyE innam uRangudhiyO chil enRu azhaiyEn min nangaiyeer pOdharuginREn vallai un katturaigaL paNdE un vaay aRidhum valleergaL neengaLE naanE thaan aayiduga ollai nee pOdhaay unakkenna vERudaiyai ellaarum pOndhaarO pOndhaar pOndhu eNNikkoL val aanai konRaanai maatraarai maatrazhikka vallaanai maayanai(p) paadElOr empaavaai

In this verse, Andal and her mates awaken one of their friends who had a sweet voice like that of a parrot. In the previous verse Andal sung about the Lord who adorned the conch and the discus. Having heard of this, the maid contemplating upon Kannan and extolling his glories went into a devotional trance. Having heard of their friend’s devotional lyrics, Andal and her ensemble came about to awaken her. They began with their sweet words “Oh sweet parrot! Having been separated from Kannan, we have lost our sleep and have come to take you along with us with the fond hope of being able to reach Him again. Is it then right for you to enjoy your slumber. All of us have been blessed to receive His company today”. When many of them had finished saying similar things, the concentration with which the maid was contemplating upon Krishna was broken. With indignation she got back “Oh what a disturbance. I have been awake all the time”. The folks outside replied “Is that so? We do know about your sharp temper”. To which the maid says “Oh friends, it is you who are miffling my mind with your words. Why should there be a need for unnecessary exchange of words? It is indeed I who is at fault” and apologised for her harsh words. This conduct is of much importance. If a true Srivaishnava is reprimanded by another, then the former should take the blame on him, apologise for the offences and beseech the feet of the Lord for having reminded him of his sins. Bharata was such a great bhagavatha. He said that it was only due to his sins because of which his brother Sri Rama had to go to the forests and neither Mandhara not his mother Kaikeyi may be held responsible for this.

If we are to get rebuked by others, then we should feel thankful to them and should treat it as a reminder from the Lord for all our sins. We should then approach the lotus feet of the Lord and should beseech his grace to relieve us off those transgressions. The maid of this house is indeed a good Srivaishnavite of such an order. And so she says, “naanE thaan aayiduga”. This is indeed the decorum of a true Srivaishnava.

Knowing well, the fact that when the devotees of the Lord are awaiting at the doorstep, even the contemplation of the Lord is an act of transgression, for the devotees should not be made to wait, the maid rushes from inside and opens the door and respectfully inquires as to in what way could she be of any service to them. To this the ensemble replies that they would treasure her company to the Yamuna for taking a holy dip. The maid continues “Oh is that so? I shall be with you in moments. But have the others already joined the group? If yes, please conduct them into my house” To this the ensemble replies, “We are delayed. Why don’t you come and take count? Kannan relieves us from our ego and pride just as how he trounced upon the elephant Kuvalayapeeda. Just as how He mystified the evil Chanura and Mushtika, similarly He has changed the mindset of the elders at home who were averse to our meeting Kannan. He has thus immensely supported us and let us all therefore make it quick to sing his glories during the nombu ritual and be blessed with the bliss of his divine epiphany and communion. Come therefore immediately. Having taken everybody into their ensemble in this way, they finally reach the palace of Nandagopa, where Kannan joined them and they all made it merrily to the banks of the Yamuna.

In this world, some do not accept their mistakes. Some accept it reluctantly after having lost all means of evading. While there are some who accept their mistakes gracefully even without others bidding for it. They are indeed the most outstanding of human populace like the maid in this verse who had the sweet voice of a parrot.

PASURAM 16

naayaganaay ninRa nandhagOpan udaya kOyil kaappaanE! kodi thOnRum thOraNa vaayil kaappaanE! maNi(k) kadhavam thaaL thiRavaay aayar siRumiyarOmukku aRai paRai maayan maNi vaNNan nennalE vaay nErndhaan thooyOmaay vandhOm thuyil ezha(p) paaduvaan vaayaal munnam munnam maatraadhE ammaa! nee nEya nilai(k) kadhavam neekkElOr empaavaai

naayaganaay ninRa ­ In the ten pasurams that we have seen so far, Andal and her friends went to the doorsteps of all their friends who were still asleep awakening them one by one. The ensemble then went to Nandagopan’s palace. They awakened the sentries who stood on guard outside the palace and at the doors of the palace. Archakars when coming out of the sanctum­sanctorum after having finished the Lord’s worship, would pray to the weapons like the discus, conch and would also entreat the Dwarapalakas for the safety of the Lord. The Lord is the servient of His sub­servients and is most easily accessible. Nandagopa had shielded Kannan impregnably as if one would fortify a treasure of immeasurable value. The ensemble of Gopis asked the guards “Oh palace guards of the noble Nandagopa, who is our master, pray let us in”.

Having passed through this entrance, they then bowed and entreated the guards of the main doorstep to let them through. The Gopikas approached Kannan as per protocol, just as how, when we enter the temple, we first pray at the dhwajastambham, then to the Dwarapalakas, to Vishwaksenar and then do we ascend the steps to the sanctum sanctorum of the divine mother and the Lord. If one attempts to reach the Lord without the espousal of the Lord’s intimate, then one may have to endure the situation that befell on Shurpanakha for having transgressed the protocol. Andal and her friends supplicated the sentinels at the doors of the palace just as how Vibheeshana along with his band, pleaded the devotees of Sri Rama that he and his men be allowed to see Sri Rama immediately. They extolled the guards as envoys capable of bringing their desires to fulfilment. Those that are bestowed with the grace of an Acharya are the ones who are capable of attaining the Lord. And so they referred to the sentinels as guards of Nandagopan’s temple and not as guards of Kannan’s temple. The Lord is the subservient of his subservients and is at the disposal of his servients. Since the Lord here has assumed the form of a child and since he is today obediently in the parental control of Nandagopa, Andal and her friends, pay their first respects to Nandagopa. They bow down to everyone submissively entreating them with reverence in order to alleviate possible hindrances of every kind.

maNi(k) kadhavu signifies a beautiful door with artistic aesthetics enmeshed with choicest pearls. It would enthral its passers by with its charm holding them back with amazement. The passers by would stop a moment to praise the artistry and exquisiteness of the mansion’s furniture. Kannan too would bind one by their movements keeping them captivated at his visage and charms. The maids plead to the guards to open the padlock of such a door.

The doorkeepers reply, “Kannan is in danger from the vile designs of Kamsa. Who are you, who seek an audience with Him at this hour of the early morning?”

The Gopis reply “He at whose contemplation, the fears of birth, old age, death

would take to their heels, why then is there a need for fear in the presence of such a Lord? Moreover we are females who would do no harm”.

The sentry replies “Shurpanakha was a female. Wasn’t she?” The maids reply, “She was a demon. We are the womenfolk of AyarpAdi. The progenies of the noble Yadavas who are always thoughtful of the safety of Lord Krishna.” The guard promptly came back saying “But, after Putana, even the womenfolk of AayarpAdi are to be looked with suspicion.” The maids came back saying “But Putana wore a guise. Is it not?” The guard then says, “How are we to know that you have not disguised yourselves deceptively?”. The maids pleaded, “The womenfolk of AayarpAdi are not known to such unscrupulous thinking.” The guards reply, “Vatsasuran also came in a noble garb”. Gopi replies, “Kannan is the supreme Lord. We are subjects who have understood our essential nature of subserviency.” This was well understood by the sentries as the Gopis used the term “siRumiyarOm” that reverberated the Pranavam and its purport The guard then asks them the purpose of their visit. The Gopis replied that they had come there seeking Kannan’s assistance in observing their nombu ritual and to get the fruits of its observances thereby. The guards promptly told them that they would submit this request to Kannan, once he wakes up and requested the Gopis to wait until then.

maayan maNi vaNNan nennalE vaay nErndhaan­ The Gopis replied “You need not submit this request to him today. He has already consented to this. He stands humbly amongst the womenfolk of AayarpAdi and has consented to all their pleadings”.

maNi vaNNan ­One is never able to take his eyes off the beautiful visage of Kannan. His smile looks like the repeated blossoming of a beautiful fragrant Lotus flower. Oh guards, awake that Lord of ours.” When the guard still looked at them with suspicion, they continued, “Kannan had told Draupadi, ‘My words shall never fail, even if the sky comes down, the Earth breaks open, the misty mountains are reduced to pieces or the entire ocean dries up’ When His words proved true for Draupadi, why would it prove false to us? The guard replied,

“Draupadi had always contemplated upon Kannan. But you have come with a different intention. Is it not so?” The Gopis replied together “No. Asking for assistance and the fruits of our observances thereof is only a pretext. Our true intention is to behold him, to extol him with or songs and to pray at His lotus feet. We have come here as we expect to see him now”.

thuyil ezha(p) paaduvaan – “We have come here to sing him the song of dawn and to see his beauty when he wakes up and comes down to see us. Even when the evil Kakasuran pursued Sita, forgetting all her inflictions, she still admired the beauty of Sri Rama who reclined peacefully and lauds the beauty of the opening of his eyes when awakened. The great Vishwamitra too, craved to see the beauty of Sri Rama waking up to the morning bloom. We share the same desire too”. To this the guards welcomed and went ahead to throw open the doors for them.

vaayaal munnam munnam maatraadhE – The Gopis humbly acknowledged the guards telling them “When Vibheeshana sought refuge in Sri Rama, the likes of Sugriva strongly opposed the idea and plunged forward for an attack. But after having learnt the wishes of Sri Rama, they took Vibheeshana as one of their most intimate friend and ally, thus achieving glory for them. Oh Guards, may you also be the worthy recipients of such unsullied glories”.

The guards now in a fit of anxiety said, “We get weary thinking of the fate of Jaya and Vijaya. Pray open the door yourselves”.

nEya nilai(k) kadhavam neekkEl – We are unable to open the doors. Alike you, the doors too seem to be worried about the safety of their master. Pray open the door please”. Lord Sriman Narayana, extolled as Nayakan, Nandan, Gopalan, who resides in the Vaikuntam, who reclines on the milky ocean, who plays around in AayarpAdi and who takes His manifold forms as Para, Vyuha and Vibhava incarnations, is realised through the esoterical purports portrayed by the esoterical triad of Ashtakshara, Dvaya and Charama shloka. Our preceptors are the caretakers of these esoterical aphorisms. These preceptors open the doors letting out the sins and iniquitous attributes that stand as impediments to us. They then make us go through the aisle of bliss to attain the bliss of beatitude. It is only natural for the caretakers to be suspicious of their surrounding keeping in mind the object in their care. Sri Rama – Lakshmana – Guhan is a notable example.

Nachiyaar Thanga Kavacham

PASURAM 17

ambaramE thaNNeerE sORE aRam seyyum emberumaan nandhagOpaalaa ezhundhiraay kombanaarkku ellaam kozhundhE kula viLakkE emberumaatti yasOdhaay aRivuRaay ambaram ooda aRuththu Ongi ulagu aLandha umbar kOmaanE uRangaadhu ezhundhiraay sem poR kazhaladi(ch) chelvaa baladhEvaa umbiyum neeyun uRangElOr empaavaai

The guards, after having realised that the ensemble of Gopis was very dear to Kannan, threw open the palace doors for them conducting them into the corridors. The ensemble then plans to wake up Nandagopan, Yashoda, Balarama and Kannan. Fearing that some Gopi might take away Kannan, Nandagopan was asleep in the first couch. But is such a thing possible? Yes it is. The land of Shonitanagara was ruled by Banasura, the son of Bali chakravarthi. He had a daughter by name Usha. She lost her heart to Aniruddha, the grandson of Kannan having seen Him in her dream. Her maid Chitraloka, using the power of Yoga, brought Aniruddha in his sleep along with his couch and presented him to Usha. Being wary of such situations, Nandagopa therefore slept in the first couch.

ambaramE thaNNeerE sORE aRam seyyum emberumaan nandhagOpaalaa ezhundhiraay — “Oh generous Nandagopa, who, during the times of drought, gave away in charity, clothing, food and water to the subjects of AyarpAdi, awake to bestow upon us the supreme Lord Kannan, who is the delectable most of foods and the relishable most of potable water, that satiates our hunger and thirst. In this world, different relations like father, mother, brother, son, friend et al, give us delight and make us happy in their own ways. Kannan on the other hand gives us pleasure and delight in every way. You, who shall be bestowing upon us such an objects of bliss is indeed our Lord (). Wake up Oh Lord, wake up.” Next they approach towards Yashoda.

kombanaarkku ellaam kozhundhE kula viLakkE emberumaatti yasOdhaay aRivuRaay - “The branches of vanchi tree bend themselves to offer support during times of torrential floods. Similar to this, Yashoda gave happiness to everybody, overlooking the effort and weariness on her part. Kozhundu ­She was like the maid in command to all. She was intuitive of the difficulties that might come upon her folks and would always help them in alleviating the same. Kulavilakke ­She stood bedazzling as the light of the entire woman community. Having begotten Kannan, Yashoda was like a sovereign to the whole universe. When Nandagopa, who bestows grace and benevolence upon us that do good to us in turn (hitam), is already awake, is it correct for Yashoda, who bestows upon us the fruits of all our desires (ishtam), to be asleep still? Will there be any despair for the womenfolk, while the knowledgeable Yashoda is awake?” Having taken her permission, they then behold, through the window, the divine visage of Kannan, who is reclining in the next couch.

ambaram ooda aRuththu Ongi ulagu aLandha umbar kOmaanE -When the Devas sought back from you, the kingdom that they had lost to Bali, you assumed a magnificent form, so huge, that rose over the skies. The shadow of your lotus foot took everything in its shade. With your other foot, you blessed everyone with munificent grace just as how a mother would caress her baby’s head with drops of oil. You also adorned the celestials, daily votaries and all the worlds as embellishments to your lotus feet and made one and all Srivaishnavas.

uRangaadhu ezhundhiraay – You have bestowed your lotus feet to those who knew you not and even without their bidding. Arise oh Kannan, to bestow your lotus feet upon us who are aware of your essential nature (svarupam) and who have sought you as our refuge and our object of delightful contemplation.

Hanuman says to Seetha, “Sri Rama who is now separated from you is always awake and never sleeps. If at all he sleeps for a while, he takes your name sweetly while waking up” Andal says “Is it correct on your part to lay asleep while you have actually incarnated to wake us up from sleep with your holy names on our lips?”. Kannan then directs them to Balaraman. As per protocol, Balarama should have been awakened first and then Kannan. He is the incarnation of Adisheshan a great devotee and preceptor. Since he is the sub­ servient and also the reclining couch for Perumal, he incarnated prior to Kannan. Having realised their oversight they approach Baladeva now.

sem poR kazhaladi(ch) chelvaa baladhEvaa–Lakshmana was born later to Sri Rama and engaged himself in Sri Rama’s servitude. But, Balarama was born before Kannan and stayed in His servitude. Balarama housed himself in Devaki’s womb before Kannan. He had purified Devaki’s womb with the touch of his feet. It is because of this reason that the eighth child of Devaki did not have the same fate as the six that were born before Balarama. The touch of his feet brought prosperity and auspiciousness.

umbiyum neeyun uRangEl – Your brother Kannan is obedient to you and so are you to him. Pray arise from your slumber, heeding to our prayers. At times when Kannan would disappear, Balarama would console the weeping Gopis who had lost their hearts to Kannan, with sweet and soothing words of joy.

Subjects, who embark upon worshipping the Lord, should begin the same contemplating upon their preceptors and should then seek their approval for the same. This purport gleams forth through this verse.

PASURAM 18

undhu madha kaLiRRan Odaadha thOL valiyan nandhagOpan marumagaLE nappinnaay kandham kamazhum kuzhali kadai thiRavaay vandhu engum kOzhi azhaiththana kaaN maadhavi(p) pandhal mEl pal kaal kuyilinangaL koovina kaaN pandhu aar virali un maiththunan pEr paada(ch) chendhaamarai(k) kaiyaal seeraar vaLai olippa vandhu thiRavaay magizhndhElOr empaavaai

In this verse, Andal and her friends awaken Nappinnai, the Lord’s consort, who is also the intermediary between the Jeevas and the Lord, who persuades the Lord accept us to His holy abode. Shurpanakha disregarded Sita and tried to attain Sri Rama while Ravana disregarded Sri Rama and tried to win over Sita. Both of them met with similar fates while Vibhishana who beseeched both prospered. Since the awakening of Kannan went in vain, they surrendered to Balarama, the preceptor and then attempted to awaken Nappinnai, the Lord’s consort. Is it then not necessary to have an intermediary between Piraatti and us? Yes, there is. Her compassion itself does this job. Water is needed to put down fire and water is sufficient to put down water.

undhu madha kaLitran Odaadha thOL valiyan – The ensemble now awakens Nappinnai, the daughter in law of Nandagopa. Nandagopa was as strong as an elephant in high. His strength matched that of an elephant and held a herd of them in his possession. He held great strength in his arms and would never take a step back in retreat. None had to worry about the evil despicable plans of Kamsa as Nandagopa had the power to shield Kannan from each and every one of Kamsa’s evil designs. Nappinnai is the daughter in law of such great a noble man. She is the daughter of Kumba, but yet Nandagopa the father in law was referred and not her father. This is similar to the Ramayana episode. Sita talks to Hanuman proudly associating herself to the solar dynasty. She introduces herself as the daughter in law of Dasharatha, whom she adored more than her father.

kandham kamazhum kuzhali kadai thiRavaay – Nappinnai is addressed as one having a rich flow of tresses and one who has devoted her heart to Kannan alone who has a divine form that disseminates a collective fragrance of all the flowers. They entreat her to throw open the door and let the torrential flood of the fragrance of their divine unison permeate the air around. Nappinnai then says, “What is the hurry. Let the day break.”

vandhu engum kOzhi azhaiththana kaaN – The day breaks and there’s the croak of the rooster. Nappinnai replies – “Will the mimicked croaking of one Gopi, make the Sun rise?” The Gopis then say “No. Several roosters are croaking as if to brush the sunlight on one and all”. Nappinnai then says, “Some roosters croak as soon as they wake up. The sleeping ones are the real ones that croak at day break.” The Gopis continue, “Is that so?”

maadhavi(p) pandhal mEl pal kaal kuyilinangaL koovina kaaN – “The cuckoos that slept on the jasmine beds are awake and chirping. You hold familiarity with each other. They look up to you for your compassionate glances as their life beat. Unable to reach you in flocks, they have resorted to their sweet coo.” Having received no response from Nappinnai, the ensemble of Andal and her maids continued to extol her saying “pandhu aar virali” – “It seems that during the night before, Nappinnai and Kannan were engaged in a game of ball and Kannan lost the game. Oh Nappinnai the one who is holding on to Kannan with one hand in a tight embrace and the ball in the other hand, you have been the chosen object of enjoyment of Kannan. You are the go­between in the ballgame with Kannan. On one hand you hold the Jeevans while on the other you hold on to the Supreme Narayana. You therefore are the divine mother who guides and walks the Jeevans and Sriman Narayana as well, on their paths.”

Nappinnai now questions the reason for their assembling there, to which the Gopis reply, “It is to be with you. When you and the Lord have a joyful rift, we would like to stay on your side and sing the Lord’s playful defeat. We would then fill your ears with all his misdoings playfully. (When parents are together, the children follow them. When the two are in rift, the children stay with the mother)” Nappinnai then invited them all inside.

The Gopis then replied “chendhaamarai(k) kaiyaal seeraar vaLai olippa vandhu thiRavaay” – Pray you come and open the door for us delightfully. Your hands are the ones that have won the eternal association of the beautiful, fragrant and blossomed lotus. They are the objects of adoration of none but the Lord Himself. They are the benefactors of all fruits of attainment. They have acquired a red hue being engaged due to the clasping and throwing of the ball, during the game with Kannan. When you are in stride, your hands echo out an auspicious reverberation of jingling sounds due to the brush of the bangles that adorn them. You, with Kannan should bejewel us at the end of our observances. Pray come to us and open the door with your beautiful hands and bless with the vision of seeing your exquisite bearing.

Being subsumed by the joy of attaining Kannan, a Jeevan, in order to reach the Supreme Lord, needs the divine Mother as the go­between after having resorted to the lotus feet of a sadacharya.

PASURAM 19

kuththu viLakkeriya kOttu(k) kaal kattil mEl meththenRa pancha sayanaththin mEl ERi(k) koththalar poonguzhal nappinai kongai mEl vaiththu(k) kidandha malar maarbaa vaay thiRavaay mai(th) thadam kaNNinaay nee un maNaaLanai eththanai pOdhum thuyilezha ottaay kaaN eththanaiyElum pirivu aatragillaayaal thaththuvam anRu thagavElOr empaavaai

When Nappinnai stood up to open the door, she was dragged back by Kannan into a tight embrace. The ensemble therefore now attempts to awaken Kannan. As Kannan was unwilling to speak, the ensemble again uses Nappinnai as their intermediary. The ensemble now tries to wake Nappinnai up again and reminds her to wake up Kannan. One might learn the concern that the Lord and His consort have for their subjects. Once, the divine mother thought of testing the Lord’s compassion. She accused one of the devotees of some wrongdoing. Immediately the Lord came back saying that His devotees would never do any wrong, and if they were to do it then it was for good. If the Lord were to embark on punishing a devotee, then His consort would immediately come in saying that there was nobody in this world, who did not commit a sin. It may be learnt that both of them are equally and passionately concerned about their subjects.

kuththu viLakkeriya – The ensemble of Andal and her friends entreat Kannan with the words “vaay thiravaay” to open His mouth and speak. They immersed themselves in the beauty of the communion of the Lord and His consort and forgetting the purpose of their visit, did not entreat Kannan to wakeup. The maids say “Why is it necessary to stay on the couch, admiring the beautiful visage of Kannan, in the shade of the brightly lit oil lamp, when it is already daybreak? It is said “athiivaraamah shushubhe adhikaa mayaa” – Sri Rama shone forth with lustre amidst the brilliance of Sita’s divine beauty.

Similarly, where is the need for the oil lamp when you have the glittering aura of Nappinnai’s beauty around?”

kOttu(k) kaal kattil mEl ­It is indeed fortunate to recline in company of a valiant consort, on a luxurious couch that is dressed up with the fragrant tresses of seven yaks and has the ivory tusks of Kuvalayapeeda for its stands.

meththenRa – The Gopis question “Is it correct on your part to continue sleeping and appraising the luxurious couch without speaking to us, when so many of us are waiting here for you.

pancha sayanaththin mEl ERi – The couch bed has the five fold characteristics of being beautiful, pleasant, soft, fragrant and bright. Your couch is a soft cushion that has five layers. You are reclining on one such. For us who are being tormented by your separation, even a couch of lotus seems like a bed of thorns.

koththalar poonguzhal nappinai kongai mEl vaiththu(k) kidandha malar maarbaa – Nappinnai is now in the divine company of Kannan. She has bedecked herself with a fine garland of fresh jasmine buds.

The buds in her tresses have blossomed and are spreading the fragrant aroma everywhere.

Sita says to Hanuman – “I am very tired and shall find some sleep on the lap of my dear beloved Sri Rama. He shall later rest on my lap.” Likewise you are taking turns to rest on each other’s lap. Seeing the divine couple together and enjoying the scene of their communion who are both the object and the means of attainment and being unable to force themselves as a disturbance, the maids plead with Kannan to open his mouth and speak to them using the words “malar maarbaa vaay thiRavaay”

“Sri Rama said to Sugriva that He shall protect those who seek refuge in Him even at the cost of His own life. But you Nappinnai, on the other hand are neither allowing Kannan to speak out nor are you speaking to us. Is this correct? Even if Nappinnai were to stop you from coming to us, you should have strengthened our hopes assuring us protection and should have at least spoken words of relief.” Having said so, Kannan gets ready to speak.

Immediately Nappinnai stopped Kannan and spoke to Him with her eyes indicating that in her presence, there was no need for Kannan to wake up and answer the call of Gopis. The Gopis having realised this, addressed Nappinnai as “mai(th) thadam kaNNinaay”.

You have captivated Him inside your beautiful eyes that have blossomed like a beautiful lotus. He would come to us only if he were to be freed from the confines of those beautiful eyes. Sri Rama, who was separated from Sita spoke to Lakshmana that he would not live for more than a month. My plight is like “na jiiveyam kshaNamapi vina thaam asiithekshaNam”! – Bereft of the beautiful Sita who had beautiful eyes of black, I shall not live even for a single moment.

maiyittu ezhudhOm malarittu naam mudiyOm – In presence of we, the devotees, Oh Nappinnai, help us in completing our observances, make us adorn the streak of collyrium and then should you adorn one for yourself. Would a mother ever take to eating when her child is starving? We had assumed that your beauty and your glories would help us in our observances. But it has not happened so. Is it correct on your part to be stopping Kannan from coming to us when you should have actually helped us attain Him?

un maNaaLanai eththanai pOdhum thuyilezha ottaay kaaN – Sita said “kausalya loka bharthaaram sushuve”, Sri Rama is not only my master but the master of the entire world. But you on the other hand have made Kannan yours alone and have not let him go even for a moment. Seems like you fear to leave him to us.

eththanaiyElum pirivu aatragillaayaal thaththuvam anRu thagavu – You would not even bear a moment of separation from Kannan. You are like the saying

“அகலகில்லெ ன் இைறயும்”. He also maintains an equal disposition towards you. He believes that in your absence, He would not be drawn towards any

other damsel. It is due to this that we came to you with the fond hope that you would bring us all close to Kannan. But that has not happened at all. It is not righteous for you to have ignored our pleadings.

The Lord bestows us with fruits that befit our past deeds. Our preceptors impart us with artha panchakam ­the five fold truths and sacrament us with the rites of pancha samskaram. They make us observe Prapatti the final means of deliverance that has five fold tenets and make us attain the divine communion with the Lord in His eternal servitude. Therefore Andal and Her maids, chose Nappinnai as their preceptor as well as go­between, and prayed to her in order to win the communion of Kannan. It is as per the Vaishnava tenets to chose the divine mother only as the intermediary while both the Lord and His consort are to be chosen together as the object and the means of attainment.

PASURAM 20

muppaththu moovar amararkku mun senRu kappam thavirkkum kaliyE thuyil ezhaay seppam udaiyaay thiRal udaiyaay seRRaarkku veppam kodukkum vimalaa thuyil ezhaay seppenna men mulai(ch) chevvaay(ch) chiRu marungul nappinnai nangaay thiruvE thuyil ezhaay ukkamum thattoLiyum thandhu un maNaaLanai ippOdhE emmai neeraattElOr empaavaai

This paasuram and the previous paasuram propagate that the Lord and His consort need to be upheld together as our final objects of adoration and attainment. In the previous verse, Andal and Her maids plead to Nappinnai and remind her that it is her essential nature to act as the intermediary between the Lord and His subjects and that she should have helped them in that direction. They further blame her for not even showing a bit of compassion, if not for helping them.

Nappinnai on the other hand was trying to learn the Lord's volition and was waiting for a choice moment to forward this plead to Kannan. Being unaware of this and thinking that Nappinnai was indignant towards them, they again set out to awaken Kannan.

muppaththu moovar amararkku mun senRu kappam thavirkkum kaliyE thuyil ezhaay­ Eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve Adityas and two Ashwini kumarars. This is the classification of the 33 crore celestials. You save these celestials by taking various incarnations. When the celestials were tormented heavily by the demon Hiranyakashipu, you heeded to their pleas and took the incarnation of Nrusimhan and brought an end to the evil demon, thereby securing peace for the celestials. When you heard the words "Narayana! Oh Manivanna! NaagaNayaay" from the elephant that was in the clutches of the mighty crocodile, then you hurried to its rescue even without informing your consort. You killed the vile crocodile and protected the elephant.

You have engaged yourself busily in protecting countless celestials. That being so, is it difficult for you to heed to our pleas who are so small in number and who have come to your doorstep craving for your protection? Moreover the celestials live an undying life. But we would cease to exist if not for your grace. The celestials supplicate to you only for material pleasures and pursuits. We on the other hand do not desire any material fruits. We seek you alone as our sole object of attainment and have been observing this nombu ritual for the past nineteen days and have been staying at your doorstep eagerly awaiting your grace. Could you not speak a word to us?

kaliyE thuyil ezhaay­Unlike the celestials who sought you only to have their lives and kingdom that they had lost to Bali, reinstated, we seek only the benevolent and benign glances of grace from your lotus like eyes on us.

seppam udaiyaay ­Cheppam means protection. Sri Rama, as per the phrase "rakshithaa jiivalokasya" pursued the general path of protecting one and all. He also pursued a specific path of righteousness as per the phrase "sva janasya cha rakshithaa" and protected everyone who belonged to him. Why don't you at least follow Rama and pursue at least the path of protecting us who belong to you.

thiRal udaiyaay ­You have in you the power and strength that protected the Pandavas from every possible danger from their enemies.

Setraarkku veppam kodukkum vimalaa thuyil ezhaay­You are known to have bestowed punishment to those who torment your devotees. But, this act of yours has inflicted punishments on your own devotees for no fault of theirs. Why this delay my Lord in blessing us with your grace?

When all these words failed to get any favourable response from Kannan in terms of waking Him up and making Him speak, they again plead unto Nappinnai their go­between and the consort of the Lord as well.

seppenna men mulai(ch) chevvaay(ch) chiRu marungul nappinnai nangaay thiruvE thuyil ezhaay­Oh Nappinnai, the consort of the Lord who holds the heart of the Lord with Her always, who is the most beautiful in the universe and who owns the magnificent of features, pray you wake up and protect us craving souls. You need not be like Sita Piratti, who, for the sake of sub­servients, stayed in confinement for ten months without sleep and underwent lot of torments. It is sufficient if you just wake up and bless us with your benign glances.

Nappinnai now asks as to what should she be doing once she wakes up.

ukkamum thattoLiyum thandhu un maNaaLanai­Oh Nappinnai, bring with you the articles for ritual observances like fan, mirror and your beloved Lord who performs according to the dancing steps of your eyebrows.

ippOdhE emmai neeraattu­The throngs of separation have withered us totally. We pray you to give us an auspicious shower along with Kannan.

Though Sita was very dear to Sri Rama, He loved her more for the fact that Dasharatha had overseen Her marriage to Him. Likewise, though Kannan was of exquisite beauty and grace, the Gopis loved him more for the fact that He was bestowed to them by His consort Nappinnai.

No matter who tries to dissuade, the Lord always rescues those who have performed Sharanagathi at His lotus feet. If the dissuaders are enemies, He

punishes them for their offence and if they are friends, He makes them assent to his volition taking them into His fold. This is the hidden purport of this verse.

PASURAM 21

ERRa kalangaL edhir pongi meedhaLippa maaRRaadhE paal soriyum vaLLal perum pasukkaL aaRRa(p) padaiththaan maganE aRivuRaay ooRRam udaiyaay periyaay ulaginil thORRamaay ninRa sudarE thuyil ezhaay maaRRaar unakku vali tholaindhu un vaasaR kaN aaRRaadhu vandhu un adi paNiyumaa pOlE pORRiyaam vandhOm pugazhndhElOr empaavaai

When the Gopis continued waking up Nappinnai, she finally woke up and came out to speak to them. She said, “Oh Gopis, in enjoying a blissful communion with Kannan, I shall be one amongst you. So let us all unite together and plead unto Kannan.”

Etra kalangaL edhir pongi meedhaLippa maatraadhE paal soriyum vaLLal perum pasukkaL aatra(p) padaiththaan maganE – In AyarpAdi, the huge vessels that were used to receive the milk from the cows, were overflowing.

How many ever vessels be used, the result remained the same. The cows too had the virtue of munificence and generosity similar to Kannan. The cowherds would take the fills of milk in vessels, but even if they did not do that, the cattle out of abundance would continue to give milk continuously. These cows that give floods of milk in great opulence are similar to the rivers that give sweet potable water to the habitats and like the trees that bestow delicious fruits. Due to the divine touch of Kannan, these cows looked as gigantic as elephants. Nandagopan was one such chieftain who had received innumerable cows of such kind free of cost. Oh Kannan! The son of the noble Nandagopa! if not for becoming the heir to Nandagopa, how would all this assets and chattels be inherited by you? Andal says that though the Lord is the master of the entire universe that is in his possession, yet, the most befitting thing about Kannan is that He is the master of the entire chattels of Nandagopan.

maganE aRivuRaay – “It is surprising that the all­pervasive and the all­knowing like you should be made to realise it with such difficulty. You are perhaps waiting for all those people who are yet to come and so are enjoying a good sleep. Are you still in your slumber Oh Lord! Wake up”.

Here Andal uses the term “aRivuRaay” instead of “ezhunthiRaay”. The inherent virtues of the Lord like compassion, humility, forbearance was worth nothing at places like Srivaikuntham, the supreme abode and Ksheerasagaram, the milky ocean. “You incarnated amongst us just to make sure that you had an opportunity to exhibit all these noble virtues. If you do not come to us and exhibit those virtues, then they would be as good as being absent. Think it over Oh Lord!” says Andal.

ooRRam udaiyaay – “Oh Kannan, you are a servant to the subservient. Out of compassion for all of us, you have taken this form in this world. All the petals of a lotus are always facing each other. You know that you are indeed the final purport that is put forth by the imperial Vedas. You therefore are “periyaay”, the supreme one whose limits are not known even by the mighty Vedas”.

ooRRam udaiyaay periyaay – “Whoever resorts to your lotus feet, have been assured of your protection. You dissuaded the likes of Sugriva and others from hindering the granting of refuge to Vibhishana. You therefore have the capacity to bring your words to fruition. Though you bestow everything upon your subjects, you are yet dissatisfied with it. Your glories are crowned many times when you bestow on them the fruits of goodness that befit your immense glories. When the soiled water is made free of mud and dirt, then what remains below is the pure potable water. Similarly if we remove the vision of our physical eyes that is replete with the blemishes of desire, anger, greed, passion, pride and jealousy and see only through the eyes of our unsullied knowledge, then it is possible to see you in everyone’s heart in your complete divine and magnificent form.”

Ulaginil thORRamaay ninRa sudarE – “You may be grasped by the profound teachings and esoterical purports put forth by the imperial Vedas, Itihasas and Puranas. You are also the brightest light that may be realised by all the sentient orders like the humans, animals, birds etc”.

sudarE – “Your incarnation amidst us resembles a blemishless jewel stone that lies amidst a heap of cow dung. thuyil ezhaay – If you do not come to us now, will not all those glories be of no value?”

Araiyar Sevai

maatraar unakku vali tholaindhu un vaasaR kaN aaRRaadhu vandhu un adi paNiyumaa pOlE pORRiyaam vandhOm pugazhndhu – The adversaries of your devotees, under the flood of your unfavourable grace, after finding no other resort, would come to your lotus feet finally. We on the other hand have resorted to the shadow of your lotus feet having fully realised your inherent divine attributes like compassion, mercy and unassuming humble nature. Unlike Kakasura, who sinned towards Piratti and finding no refuge and solace even after rounding all the three worlds, resorted to your lotus feet finally, we have been drawn towards you by the power of your divine virtues and glories. We came here to sing you a song of dawn like Periyazhwar, who sang you the famous Thiruppalandu. Our unwavering faith in you brought us to you with no doubts in our minds as to the fulfilment of our goals.

A preceptor imparts all the essential purports of the esoterical knowledge to a true disciple who resorts to his feet and takes up his servitude. This is the hidden purport of this verse.

PASURAM 22

am kaN maa NYaalaththu arasar abimaana pangamaay vandhu nin paLLi(k) kattiR keezhE sangam iruppaar pOl vandhu thalaippeydhOm kingiNi vaay(ch) cheydha thaamarai(p) poo(p) pOlE sengaN chiRu(ch) chiRidhE emmEl vizhiyaavO thingaLum aadhiththanum ezhundhaaR pOl am kaN irandum kondu engaL mEl nOkkudhiyEl engaL mEl saabam izhindhElOr empaavaai

In the previous verse, Andal having spoken of the denial of self­pride and ownership, reinstates in this pasuram with clarity that the entire ensemble of Gopis are sub­servients to Kannan alone and none else.

am kaN maa NYaalaththu arasar abimaana pangamaay vandhu nin paLLi(k) kattiR keezhE sangam iruppaar pOl vandhu thalaippeydhOm – “In this vast universe, a few picturesque realms were captured by men thinking high of themselves to be the paramounts on land. In the course of time, having lost all their possessions, they soon parted with their pride and lustre. The once kings who, came with a feeling of ‘soham’ now came to you in a state of solitude and with utter humility and subserviency reflecting the feeling of ‘daasoham’. They attained a mature state of mind by which they refused to accept the royal throne if bestowed again. They came and found their final place of refuge beneath your reclining couch of Adishesha. We, similarly, after having unshackled all our faculties from their worldly leanings, have assembled here at the foot of your reclining couch to surrender them unto your service and to be in your servitude. The nobles surrendered unto you after having found no other means. We on the other hand have surrendered unto your lotus feet after having been drowned in the flood of your inherent auspicious attributes, similar to Lakshmana, who set out to the forest accompanying Sri Rama, having been overwhelmed by his divine auspicious attributes”.

To this Kannan asks, “Alright now, what do you seek of me?”

kingiNi vaay(ch) cheydha thaamarai(p) poo(p) pOlE sengaN chiRu(ch) chiRidhE emmEl vizhiyaavO – You should grace us with your divine glances. Your eyes resemble a lotus bud now. During the sunrise, the lotus buds bloom slowly. Initially, it would bloom a little and would resemble a pearl. In a similar way, you should open your eyes slowly. Only then would we be able to experience the vision of your exquisite beauty. Your lotus like eyes would blossom once they see the torments that we are going through. It would definitely bloom seeing the ensemble of devotees waiting. The fields of crop that has seen enough draught, at a time need to be irrigated in measured quantities only, taking measures to see that they are not flooded. Similarly, to us who have broken down completely having been bitten by the pangs of your separation, your merciful glances filled with the waters of your grace need to be allowed in slowly. You should see us first when you wake up. That would delight us just as how it would delight the crops that have been showered with munificent rain after a rough draught.

Aaraatthi before Neeraattam

thingaLum aadhiththanum ezhundhaaR pOl am kaN irandum kondu engaL mEl nOkkudhiyEl – One of your eyes is like the blazing Sun, that does not allow the vicious and the vile to near you, and would turn them down to ashes. The other eye is like the cool moon, showering its cool glances of mercy and bringing delight into everyone’s hearts. Pray see us with both these eyes of yours.

engaL mEl saabam izhindhu – Your glances of grace on us, who have been craving for it, would reduce the torments on account of having been bitten by the pangs of your separation. Just the mere glances of the accomplished, who own the powers of mantrasiddhi is said to be sufficient to free one from the effect of poison. Similarly, we pray unto you, to cast your glances on us and to free us from the iniquitous influences that impede us from attaining the bliss of beatitude. You should free us of our torments and should bring delight to us similar to Nrusimhan, who, with one eye, showered rage and fury on Hiranyakashipu while with the other showered munificent and compassionate anugrahams on Prahlada. Though a lion always battles the elephant, it still feeds its calf with utmost affection. Similar should be your anugrahams towards us. A disciple due to the benevolence of his preceptor showered on him realises that the body is essentially different and distinct from the soul and prays unto the lotus feet of the Lord to grant him the eternal bliss of beatitude.

PASURAM 23

maari malai muzhainchil manni(k) kidandhu uRangum seeriya singam aRivuRRu(th) thee vizhiththu vEri mayir ponga eppaadum pErndhu udhaRi moori nimirndhu muzhangi(p) puRappattu(p) pOdharumaa pOlE nee poovaippoo vaNNaa un kOyil ninRu iNj~anE pOndharuLi(k) kOppudaiya seeriya singaasanaththu irundhu yaam vandha kaariyam aaraayndhu aruLElOr empaavaai

In this verse, Andal seeks to celebrate and enjoy, the exquisite beauty of Kannan’s reclining posture, the beauty of His waking up, the beauty of His stride and the beauty of seeing Him seated majestically. In the Ramayana, Tara and Mandodari were blessed with the vision of the standing bearing of Sri Rama. Valmiki showed the beauty of Sri Rama’s reclining posture at Darbhashayanam. Sita enjoyed the reclining posture of Rama at Chitakootam so intensely that she even failed to notice Kakasura having wounded her. The hermits and recluses of the forest enjoyed the semblance of Sri Rama being seated majestically.

Here the Gopis stand aspiring to enjoy and imbibe the beauty of Kannan in its entirety. The Azhwars took great delight in enjoying the beauty of Kannan sleeping as a baby in His cradle, the beauty of Kannan waking up and the beauty of Kannan trying to stand holding on to the cradle. They also celebrated and extolled the reclining, standing and sitting postures of the Lord at various divya kshetrams.

During the ceremonial processions of the Lord of Thiruvarangam, one gets to see his valorous gait on top of a horse, His bewitching and majestic march on an elephant, His furtive and fuming stride on top of a tiger and His regal semblance on top of a lion, that is enough to send shivers down anybody’s hearts. The Gopis say that similar to this, they have enjoyed the beauty of Kannan’s sleep and His waking up. They request Him to present Himself on the throne in the grand hall. Only then would it be possible for them to enjoy and celebrate the beauty of His stride, the beauty of His divine form from all sides and the beauty of His sitting posture. Kannan immediately ushers Himself into the grand hall.

That was a feast for the eye. Andal gives a panoramic description of this wonderful vision. She says, “A lion resides in the depths of his mountain cave amidst the pouring showers. It rouses itself and thinks of moving out of the cave. It sends out a frightening roar stretching its legs and body. It warms up its body shaking its mane and standing high it sees its surroundings completely. It majestically paces ahead and places itself head high on top of a short cliff. Kannan strides majestically, similar to such a lord of the jungle. He is indeed the cub of Yashoda. The Azhwars have variedly celebrated Kannan as a lion in many of their sayings like தேவகி சிங்கேம தாலேேலா, சிற்றாயர் சிங்கேம, ஆயர்குலச்சீரியசிங்கமும் தேவகீ சிங்கத்ைதப்பாடிப்பற”.

Kannan empathises with the Gopis who had come walking in the dark of the rising Sun under a showering mist, waking up the damsels of AyarpAdi, the guards on duty at the palace and his parents. He requests them to ask of their needs and assures that he shall abide by to bestow it on them.

The Gopis say, “Oh Lord, you are dark hued with the colour of the kaayam flower (poovaippoo vaNNaa).

Un kOyil ninRu iNj~anE pOndharuLi(k) kOppudaiya seeriya singaasanaththu irundhu yaam vandha kaariyam aaraayndhu aruL – You have awakened from your slumber. Pray seat yourself on the throne in the grand hall. We shall tell you all about us. The throne shall then make sure that we are conferred. The statement at the seashore ­“I shall grant refuge to one and all” and the statement on the chariot – “If surrendered to me alone, then I shall emancipate one from all his torments” are definitely true. But we cannot believe your words when you are still on your couch. Pray take the throne, for then your words will become trustworthy and decree.

Kannan then adorned the throne in a majestic gait. Having satiated themselves with the beauty of Kannan’s stride and His majestic seating stance, the Gopis began to extol Him with their songs like garlands. Kannan then requested them to express their desires. The Gopis then requested, “Oh Lord, we need your munificent benedictions. It is possible for one to win over anything with the Lord’s benedictions on his side. Asking for anything else would only bestow momentary affluence.

The hidden purport is that a jeevan should always pray only for the Lord’s benedictions without any self­motives. If done so, the Lord comes out of his cave at Ahobilam and bestows upon the soul the fruits of all his desires.

PASURAM 24

anRu ivvulagam aLandhaay adi pORRi senRangu(th) then ilangai seRRaay thiRal pORRi ponRa(ch) chakatam udhaiththaay pugazh pORRi kanRu kuNil aaveRindhaay kazhal pORRi kunRu kudaiyaay eduththaay guNam pORRi venRu pagai kedukkum nin kaiyil vEl pORRi enRenRum un sEvagamE Eththi(p) paRai koLvaan inRu yaam vandhOm irangElOr empaavaai

Heeding to the entreaties of the Gopis, Kannan came and seated Himself on the throne. Captivated by the beauty of His stride and the beauty of His sitting stance, the Gopis forgot the reason for their visit and sung Him a song of pallandu.

anRu iv ulagam aLandhaay adi pORRi – You incarnated as Vamana and later took the gigantic form of Trivikrama, measuring all the celestial worlds and sanctifying them all with the sacred waters from your lotus feet and consecrated them with the shadow of your lotus feet. With the second measure you placed your foot on the crowns of one and all without any bias relieving them off their sins. You thus upheld your inherent virtue of souSeelyam, by associating yourself equally well, with the high as well as the low ones. Having made the Lord take steps with such great a thiruvadi, the Gopis deemed this to be a transgression and sought forgiveness from the Lord and sung him a song of pallandu. The Gopis said with delight, “Oh Lord! You had once walked into the sacrificial arena displaying the beauty of your pace and had reclaimed the worlds from Bali in the name of generous offerings. Today, by bestowing on us the vision of the same exquisite gait, you have reclaimed us all, who had withered in your separation. That day, Indra got back his lost kingdom from you. The subjects won the association of your lotus feet on their heads. But today, we have won you!”

senRangu(th) then ilangai seRRaai thiRal pORRi – Periyazhwar sung the glories of the Lord in his pallandu as “உன் சேவடி செவ்வித்திருக்காப்பு” (un sevadi sevvi thirukaappu). Similarly Andal sung a mangalashasanam to the Lord to prevent His lotus feet from being tainted by the devouring looks of humans. Sri Rama was extolled by His father. He sung him a song of praise wishing Him overwhelming success against the evil. Similarly, Andal sings a song of praise in favour of the valour of Sri Rama, who fought triumphantly with the evil demons in Lanka.

senRu – Signifies the moving of the army of Sri Rama on the bridge that was built by them across the ocean. The very sight of it would nullify all our sins.

Here Andal extols not only the hands that have adorned the bow, but also the lotus feet. To keep Kannan away from thinking that they have started to praise Rama and not Him, she sings “ponRa(ch) chakatam udhaiththaay pugazh pORRi”

 – The cart guised Shakatasura, received a ghastly kick, and was bestowed with the same fate as that of Maricha. “Oh Kannan, the measuring of the worlds and the winning over of Lanka, were all accomplished after reaching manhood. But you vanquished the evil Shakatasura, even as a toddler. Without even the support from your mother, you playfully kicked him and saw his end. Long live, such glory and such greatness”.

kunRu kudaiyaay eduththaay guNam pORRi – “One demon came in the guise of a calf and tried to kill Krishna. Another one tried to hit him hard in the guise of a fruit called ‘vilaampazam’. Having known this, you threw the calf into the air and killed the evil Kapiththasuran as well. What a wonder! Just as how a thorn is pricked out by another, you sent one asura into a whirl and smashed the other. Glory to your brave and strong shoulders that have accomplished such a feat”, says Andal.

kunRu kudaiyaay eduththaay guNam pORRi – For seven days in a row, you held aloft the mighty Govardhana on your little finger and protected the entire populace of AayarpAdi along with their cattle from the onslaughts of the incessant rains. You fed the cattle and the folks with fodder and food. Having seen stacks of grass, you imparted the nectar to the folks of AayarpAdi and made their hunger disappear. You thus subdued the pride of Indra, who had inflicted such torments on your devotees. Your glories are immeasurable and beyond reach of mere words. Andal thus extols the infinite auspicious attributes of the Lord with special mention of his compassion and mercy.

venRu pagai kedukkum nin kaiyil vEl pORRi – Kannan adorns the spear in His hand, in order to protect the cattle and the cowherds from any impediments, when they set out to graze their cattle in the forest. Also, the discus in His hand has many sharp spikes similar to His spear. Sri Rama was a royal prince and so adorned the bow in His hands. Since Kannan is “koorvEl kodundhozhilan nandhagOpan kumaran”, He adorned the spear perhaps. Andal thus sang in praise of the spear and the discus that is Sudarshana Azhwar.

enRenRum un sEvagamE Eththi(p) paRai koLvaan – Having painted the picture of all your adventurous accomplishments on the canvas of our hearts, we have come here singing praises and have assembled here today to relish and celebrate your glories. We pray you to bestow your compassion and to shower your benevolence on us.

The purport here is that the Lord unfailingly protects those who seek refuge at His feet. It may also be taken as songs of glories in favour of the preceptors. Preceptors like Bhagavad Ramanuja, travelled far and wide, imparting spiritual and esoterical knowledge to deserving disciples, dispelling the iniquitous attributes in them like pride and selfishness that were as vicious as the ruler of Lanka and thereby showed them all, the path to deliverance. Andal sings the glories of the lotus feet of such an Acharya. This pasuram is the singing of glories of an Acharya, who lights the lamp of knowledge in us and dispels the darkness of nescience, thereby giving us supreme bliss.

PASURAM 25

oruththi maganaay(p) piRandhu Or iravil oruththi maganaay oLiththu vaLara(th) tharikkilaan aagi(th) thaan theengu ninaindha karuththai(p) pizhaippiththu(k) kanchan vayitril neruppenna ninRa nedumaalE!, unnai aruththiththu vandhOm paRai tharudhiyaagil thiruththakka selvamum sEvagamum yaam paadi varuththamum theerndhu magizhndhElOr empaavaai

oruththi maganaay(p) piRandhu Or iravil oruththi maganaay oLiththu vaLara- Kannan was born as the son of Devaki, but was brought up as the son of Yashoda without the knowledge of the world. Without making a specific reference, Andal uses the word “oruththi”, to refer collectively to both, the mother who gave birth to Krishna and the mother who brought Him up. Her devotion was so overwhelming that she does not refer to Kannan’s name for the fear of Kamsa and his evil intentions. She addresses Him as Madhusudana, the son of Devaki. He is extolled by the Vedas themselves as the one who killed the wicked Madhu and restored the imperial Vedas back to their pristine glory. He enshrines Himself in all sentient and non­sentient as the in­dweller and the inner­controller. The sacrificial oblations of Dasharatha bore fruit and a noble son was born to Him and Kausalya and also three other sons to his other two wives making it four in all. Kannan on the other hand was born as the only son to the foursome Devaki­Vasudeva and Nandagopa­Yashoda. Devaki asked for a boon to stay away from her son for fear of Kamsa. Though Krishna was born with a divine and most beautiful form with four hands adorning the conch, discus and with a bejewelled attire, the couple could not take delight in such a wonderful vision long enough due to the fear of Kamsa. Kannan therefore bestowed the bliss of seeing His incarnation to Devaki­Vasudeva and the bliss of seeing His playful antics to Yashoda­Nandagopa who, fed Him affectionately with milk, rocked His cradle and cuddled Him with love.

piRandhu – Out of compassion, He took to Himself, all the grief from us who are destined to face the samasaric gale. He stayed in the womb of Devaki for twelve months instead of ten.

Or iravil – On a chosen night, that was destined later to be called as Srijayanthi, for it was the day chosen by the Lord to incarnate. If he were to be born during the day, then it would not have been possible for bringing the female child to Mathura in exchange for Kannan to Gokula.

oLiththu vaLara – He was brought up without the vile glances of the evil Kamsa from falling on Him.

Oh Kannan! Who is now sitting majestically in the grand hall, pray fulfil our wishes and protect us.

tharikkilaan aagi(th) thaan theengu ninaindha karuththai(p) pizhaippiththu(k) kanchan vayitril neruppenna ninRa nedumaalE! – Kamsan made up his mind to set out and kill the eighth child of Devaki after being told by a voice from the heaven that the eighth child of Devaki would slay him. He started killing all the babies in the land, who were born on the day Kannan was born. The elders lived a life of fear, always thinking of the possible dangers to Kannan from Kamsa. Kamsa sent the likes of Putana, Shakatasura and others to kill Kannan. Krishna however killed them all even when he was just a baby. Kamsa was struck with terror and fear, as he knew that as the boy grew older, he would one day come and slay him too. Kannan brought fear in Kamsa similar to the way he had brought in the minds of the dwellers of Gokula. Upon His birth, He brought a great deal of peace to Devaki and blessed her womb similar to a flow of pure cool water. He blessed Yashoda’s womb similar to a flow of nectar and milk. At the same time, He kindled fire in Kamsa’s stomach, punishing him for all his transgressions.

Andal and her maids address Kannan as the divine one who would dispel all vicious influences and bestow all­round goodness on them. Kannan then addressed them asking of their wants and the reason for their nombu observances. The Gopis replied that they have come seeking Him alone. Kannan again asks them of their aspirations and to the object of their desire. The Gopis reply “unnai aruththiththu vandhOm paRai tharudhiyaagil” – Our aim is to attain you alone. That is the reason for our nombu ritual. To attain you as our goal with you as our means is our desire.

thiruththakka selvamum sEvagamum yaam paadi – The reason for us having chosen to attain You is because you have been the object of attainment of Sri, your divine consort. The devas and the asuras churned the ocean in search of nectar. It was then that Thirumagal emerged verily as the nectar from the ocean. She chose you over everyone else and took Her lotus throne in the cosmos of your heart. It was then that you became the Lord of Sri. Pray you take us into your fold today and become the Lord of Gopis and the beloved of Gopis.

varuththamum theerndhu magizhndhu – We pray you, who is the object of adulation and desire of Sri, to end all our torments due to separation from you and to bestow us with the bliss of attaining your divine communion.

The Lord inflicts punishment on those who commit transgressions towards Him or towards His devotees. He at the same time bestows the nectar like bliss on those who seek His lotus feet as their refuge.

PASURAM 26

maalE! maNivaNNaa! maargazhi neeraaduvaan mElaiyaar seyvanagaL vEnduvana kEttiyEl NYaalaththai ellaam nadunga muralvana paal anna vaNNaththu un paancha sanniyamE pOlvana sankangaL pOy(p) paadudaiyanavE saala(p) perum paRaiyE pallaandu isaippaarE kOla viLakkE kodiyE vidhaanamE aalin ilaiyaay aruLElOr empaavaai

In this verse, Andal and her maids seek from Kannan all the prerequisite materials for their nombu ritual that was being observed on the banks of the river Yamuna. Having obtained Kannan, their only wish was to have a blissful time with Him. They decided then to continue with the nombu and prayed for the materials from Kannan.

To spend the time delightfully with Kannan, a serene place of solitude is of much need. On the pretext of performing the nombu ritual, they planned to take Him to the outskirts of the city to the banks of the river Yamuna, which is a place of solitude and serenity. The nombu ritual helped them to behold the visage of Kannan in front of their dwellings. It helped them to recite the infinite names of Kannan with devotion and also enabled the elders to accept the Gopis mingling so freely with Kannan.

The Gopis say, “Oh Maale! Who preserves limitless affection for those who seek Him. Oh Manivanna! Whose divine form is of a dark bluish hue. Sri, who was born in a beautiful lotus stood captivated by your charm and took Her throne in the cosmos of your heart. Similar to the preserving of the precious stone in the tresses of one’s attire, you have so humble a nature that enables others to rule you over so easily.”

Kannan then requests them to speak out their wants. The Gopis reply “maargazhi neeraaduvaan” – It is considered fortunate to take a holy dip in the sacred rivers during the months of thula and maasi. Similarly, in the month of margazhi, it is prescribed to bathe very early in the morning and to observe this nombu ritual.

Kannan then questions them about the authority of this practice, as He was unaware of it. The Gopis reply “mElaiyaar seyvanagaL” – We are only following the footsteps of our wise ancestors. Have you forgotten your statement in the Bhagavad Geetha, that the practices followed by posterity based on the footsteps of their ancestors is to be considered as authoritative.

Kannan then says “vEnduvana kEttiyEl” – Fine. Please ask your needs and it shall be bestowed.

NYaalaththai ellaam nadunga muralvana paal anna vaNNaththu un paancha sanniyamE pOlvana sankangaL – We need conches similar to the milk white conch Panchajanya that you hold in your hand. But we do not need the conches whose resound shivers the whole universe. Especially we do not need the kind of conch that you made use of on the battlefield of Kurukshetra that had sent shivers down Duryodhana and his allies. We only need a conch that may be used to awaken everybody from their morning slumber.

pOy(p) paadudaiyanavE – We need percussion instruments that are wide and well sounding. They may be used during processions.

pallaandu isaippaarE – We need savants who would sing the songs of Pallandu. kOla viLakkE – We need auspicious lamps for everyone to carry along on the path.

kodiyE vidhaanamE – We need tall flag posts to let know that we are observing the nombu. To keep us away from the showering mist we need a pandal to be erected. Pray grant us with all these requistes.

Kannan then says that he does not have all these in His possession.

The Gopis reply “aalin ilaiyaay” – You donned the guise of a small baby and swallowed the entire universe and reclined on the palm leaf. Is there anything that you do not possess?

Kannan then says “Fine. Here it is. I have given you all. Take it and retire back.

Gopis say “aruL” – Retiring back? Where would we go without you? Just as how, a day without the Sun, a night without the moon and cattle without the ox, do not have any appeal and do not bear any exquisiteness, similarly we are nothing without Kannan. We therefore pray unto you to bless us with your benign grace and to come along with us to the banks of the Yamuna for the nombu.

The Gopis reinstate with clarity that without His volition, not even an atom would move.

PASURAM 27

koodaarai vellum seer gOvindhaa undhannai(p) paadi(p) paRai kondu yaam peRum sammaanam naadu pugazhum parisinaal nanRaaga(ch) choodagamE thOL vaLaiyE thOdE sevip poovE paadagamE enRanaiya palagalanum yaam aNivOm aadai uduppOm adhan pinnE paaR chORu mooda ney peydhu muzhangai vazhi vaara(k) koodi irundhu kuLirndhElOr empaavaai

The Gopis had stumbled upon their biggest ever accomplishment having obtained the company of the invaluable supreme soul, Kannan in solitude. They answer to the question from Kannan as to their needs.

koodaarai vellum seer gOvindhaa – You should shower your affection on us similar to the way you shower compassion on the cattle. We should indeed drown in the ocean of your compassion without reaching the shore. Even in your previous incarnations, you have won over all those who have been your sworn enemies, those who ran against you with the might of their strength or the might of their penance. You have given yourself to us after all this. Many a suitors tried in vain to win the hand of Sita by stringing the mighty Shivadhanus. You came as Sri Rama and strung the bow with power, only to break it and bring the heads of the other suitors down in shame. Oh Krishna, who won the hand of Sita during Raamaavathaaram, pray shower your benevolence on us.

The adversaries quote that the world is a delusion. The reality is void alone. There are no celestial worlds. There are no Jeevathmans. The supreme exists neither. Everything perceivable is only an illusion. You by means of your imparts through the Bhagavad Githa, have refuted all these adversaries thoroughly. Oh Govinda! You have affirmed with clarity that everything perceivable is absolutely true and real. You are one who has won over your adversaries with arrows and weapons. At the same time, with your affection, mercy, beauty and high­mindedness you have also won those devoting themselves to your lotus feet. We have been observing this nombu ritual for the past twenty­six days. You are our sole object of attainment and means of attainment. We pray to you along with your consort Nappinnai to bestow upon us the highly acclaimed merit that befits us duly. undhannai(p) paadi(p) paRai kondu yaam peRum sammaanam naadu pugazhum parisinaal nanRaaga, they said.

Kannan then asks as to what merits are they aspiring for.

The Gopis reply, “When Sri Rama was about to be crowned, Sita came down till the doors and garlanded Him with her beautiful glances and saw Him through. Sri Rama then removed His garland and decorated Sitha with it. We seek such merits from you Oh Kanna”.

choodagamE thOL vaLaiyE thOdE sevip poovE paadagamE enRanaiya palagalanum yaam aNivOm – The wonderful hands that do service to your lotus feet, need to be bejewelled with bangles that are enmeshed with the finest of all the nine gems. The hands that cuddle you need to be adorned with the finest of shoulder jewelry. You adorn the makarakundalas (ear rings) on your ear. To match the greatness of these, you should bestow a pair of diamond earrings to the beautiful ears that listen to your sweet flute all the time. These ears should be decorated with flowers (chevippoovu) as well. You would touch our feet during the observance of ammi midiyal during our holy matrimony. Such legs need to be decorated with the ornament of jingles (paadagam). You should thus grant us with all the jewellery that we seek. Women decorate themselves with jewels before clothing themselves. For this we need finest and fragrant most silk attires worn by you.

Kannan then says “But I do not possess so much to be given to all of you”.

The Gopis say, “Pray get us our attires from the same place from where you granted Draupadi with rolls and rolls of attire, when she pleaded unto you taking your holy names like Krishna, Govinda”.

adhan pinnE paaR chORu mooda ney peydhu muzhangai vazhi vaara(k) koodi irundhu kuLirndhElOr – Until we attained you, we were determined not to take ghee or milk and not to decorate our tresses with fragrant flowers. But we have won you now. From now on, we shall bejewel ourselves, wear grand silk attire, get our tresses decorated by you with flowers and we shall relish the sweetness and delicacy of ksheeraannam (milk rice) and take great delight in enjoying your unending company with us. The milk rice should look like as if being taken out after having dipped in a trough of ghee. While relishing it, the ghee should drip down the wrist till the elbow. We should enjoy the supreme bliss with you here, similar to that which is enjoyed by the nityas and the muktas in Srivaikuntham with you Oh Sriman Narayana.

PASURAM 28

kaRavaigaL pin senRu kaanam sErndhu uNbOm aRivu onRum illaadha aay(k) kulaththu undhannai(p) piRavi peRundhanai(p) puNNiyam yaam udaiyOm kuRai onRum illaadha gOvindhaa undhannOdu uRavEl namakku ingu ozhikka ozhiyaadhu aRiyaadha piLLaigaLOm anbinaal undhannai siRu pEr azhaiththanamum seeRi aruLaadhE iRaivaa nee thaaraay paRaiyElOr empaavaai

In the first verse Andal says “naaraayaNanE namakkE paRai tharuvaan” – The Lord is one who is to be attained by us. He is also the means of this attainment. Andal elaborates on this in this verse and the verse to follow. The path of sharanagathi has been told here on the pretext of nombu observance.

Kannan says, “I have already accepted to give you all those things that you have asked me for, starting from “choodagamE”. But yet, it seems you have something else to ask me of. What is it?”

The Gopis reply, “Our earlier pleads were meant for our own. You also consented to observe the nombu ritual with us. But now our sole aim is to attain the bliss of your divine communion.“

Kannan asks, “That fruit is indeed deliverance. In order to attain that, one should follow the paths of either bhakti or sharanagathi. What path have you chosen? One should perform the sacrificial oblations without fail, as per one’s status and should refrain from seeking the fruits of the actions thereof. One should realise the essential nature of the self and should behold the supreme soul that is the in­dweller in all sentient and non­sentient orders. Such a supreme soul needs to be incessantly meditated upon and at His lotus feet should a soul surrender itself. Now, what have you done?”

The Gopis reply, “kaRavaigaL pin senRu kaanam sErndhu uNbOm” – The unwise is often compared to a cow. We do not possess a good mind like that of a cow. We only follow the cows and take them to the forest to graze. We take our food there and come back with the cattle in the evening.“

Kannan continues, “That aside, not being knowledgeable is not a big issue. Have you at least sought imparts from a noble teacher?”

The Gopis say, “To us, the cattle are like the revered preceptors Vasishta and Vishwamitra. We partake the milk that is given by these cattle. Where else could we get a more relishing fodder? Moreover, we do not live in the lands that are the habitat of noble souls who would bestow their fellowmen with all good and auspicious things. We live in the dense grasslands. Moreover we hail from the ancestry of the naïve and the unintelligent cowherds.

Kannan says, “Set that aside. At least you should have grazed your cattle in the forests of my liking like Ahobilam, Naimisharanyam, Badarikashramam and Veeksharanyam in order to aspire for moksham.

The Gopis say, “Oh we were not choosy about the forests that we took our cattle to graze. We just followed the cattle and the day as it went by”.

Kannan comes back, “Do you at least have any good merits (punyam) on your side. How will I be able to give moksham to you, with no good merits of any sort?

Gopis come back, “We do not know the purports of the shastrams. But we know “undhannai(p) piRavi peRundhanai(p) puNNiyam yaam udaiyOm” – We have done such good deeds to have made you, the supreme Lord to take birth in our lineage. Is it not our merit that we are bestowed with the fortune of being able to say that Kannan, the Lord, belongs to our Yadavakulam? Though we are not deserving, yet, you are the unblemished and the unsullied ­“kuRai onRum illaadha gOvindhaa”. You are perfect and absolute. Whatever be the want of the devotees, you bestow it on them plentifully. Have you not taken your birth amongst us to relieve us from all our torments and to grant us with the wealth of emancipation?”

undhannOdu uRavEl namakku ingu ozhikka ozhiyaadhu – The Gopis say, “You are our close relative. Our relation may neither be disowned by you nor may be renounced by us. It is also not plausible for both of us to relinquish this relation. In the master­servient relationship, the master is the one who ordains and the servient does it to the delight of his master. We have many such bindings between us. Oh Naaranane! I am not there without you and you are not there without me. This is established beyond doubt.

aRiyaadha piLLaigaLOm anbinaal undhannai siRu pEr azhaiththanamum seeRi aruLaadhE – Having forgone your virtue of supremacy, you have come and taken birth amidst us in the lineage of the Yadavas. You have endeared yourself to us unassumingly. Apart from your supremacy, you are the in­dweller, the supporter, the inner­controller, the object of attainment and the means of attainment. We had addressed you with the term “Narayana”, that reflects all these purports completely. Have you been made indignant?

Moreover your supremacy is unmatched and we have been addressing you singularly as Yadava, Krishna and others. Has that made you indignant? If that is so, with your abundant mercy, kindly forgive us for all those transgressions. We might have committed many transgressions out of our unbounded love for you. If one’s hands and legs commit mistakes, then is it correct for him to punish them? If the teeth bite the tongue, then do we tear the tongue off? Is it not your responsibility to bear with all the transgressions of your dim­witted sub­servients? We therefore surrender ourselves unto you for forgiveness.”

iRaivaa nee thaaraay paRai – Oh Lord, pray bestow on us the object of our desire.

Though we adore and worship the Lord with utmost devotion, at the end of it we should seek His forgiveness and express our gratitude to Him for bearing with all those transgressions that we might have committed in the name of Bhagavad­aradhanam. This is the hidden purport of this verse.

PASURAM 29

siRRam siRu kaalE vandhu unnai sEviththu un potRRaamarai adiyE pORRum poruL kELaay peRRam mEyththu uNNum kulaththil piRandhu nee kuRREval engaLai(k) koLLaamal pOgaadhu iRRai(p) paRai koLvaan anRu kaaN gOvindhaa eRRaikkum Ezh Ezh piRavikkum un thannOdu uRROmE aavOm unakkE naam aatcheyvOm maRRai nam kaamangaL maaRRElOr empaavaai

In this verse, the Gopis seek the supreme fortune of being in eternal service to the Lord.

siRRam siRu kaalE vandhu unnai sEviththu un poRRaamarai adiyE pORRum poruL kELaay – Oh Kanna, early in the morning, you would embark on your journey to accomplish all those deeds in your volition. During the day, it then becomes impossible to see you in solitude. Hence we have come here to pray at your lotus feet during the early hours of the morning without heeding the showering mist. It is the time when the sounds due to the churning of the curd by the cowherd ladies may be heard. It is the time when saints would wake up chanting the holy name ‘Hari’ continuously. It is the time when the tamogunam and the rajogunam see their lows while the satvagunam, responsible for stimulating the contemplation of the Lord, stands head high. This is the most appropriate time to serve you and worship you with devotion. Thus we have come for the same. Devotees, singing and dancing have been thronging your doorsteps. You should have in fact come to meet us out of your own accord, just as how you went to Guha, the great sages of Dandakaranya, Shabari and Sugreeva. But we have come to you out of our own yearning. It is natural for the female genre to have a liking for gold and flowers. Your divine feet are like the finest gold that is of the purest form, brightest in hue and superlative in quality. They are like the flowers that are most delicate, fragrant and beautiful. We have extolled such great feet with as ‘anRu ulagam aLandhaay adi pORRi chakatam udhaiththaay pugazh pORRi’. We do so now also”. When Kannan was not paying too much attention to their words and was engrossed in observing who all had come and was observing the expressions on each one of their faces, Andal says, “poruL kELaay” – We have come seeking an object of desire. Pray lend your ears and listen to the same”.

peRRam mEyththu uNNum kulaththil piRandhu nee kuRREval engaLai(k) koLLaamal pOgaadhu – We seek to be in your servitude for the rest of our time. So far, we have been running through the cycle of transmigration. We seek an end to this and wish to be in your eternal servitude. This fortune shall definitely be ours. Oh Lord! How were you before and how are you now? You are the Lord of Vaikuntham and the Lord of ubhayavibhuti. You are the consort of Sri, the goddess of all wealth. You are inherently virtuous with infinite auspicious attributes that are the object of praise of everyone. Your essential nature is of infinite bliss. You are the superlative of all orders. But you have chosen to incarnate in as low a lineage as that of ours, the cowherds. Our lineage is a poor one where the cowherds graze the cattle all day long only to win a few measures of grain. Why have you incarnated in such a lineage? Only to uplift and enlighten the impoverished ones like us. We do not eat our daily bread until the cattle are satiated. We unfailingly protect everything that we are supposed to. You are also therefore obligated to protect us, who consider you to be the food we partake, the water we imbibe and the (vetrilai) beetle leaves that we chew. Pray we therefore unto you to bestow on us the wealth of your unstinted service.

Kannan then says, “You already asked me for ‘saala perumparaiyE’, the percussion instrument with a well reverberating sound. Here it is, take it all. I have one per person.”

iRRai(p) paRai koLvaan anRu kaaN gOvindhaa – Kannan, when we said ‘paRai’, did we mean this instrument? No. Never. Please take a look at our faces. You seem to be too naive.

eRRaikkum Ezh Ezh piRavikkum un thannOdu uRROmE aavOm unakkE naam aatcheyvOm – Not only in this birth, but even if we were to take many more births, then in all those births we would wish to be in your service alone. If you bless us with the bliss of beatitude, then we would be in your eternal service at your supreme abode of Srivaikuntham. The Vedas proclaim that a liberated soul can attire itself with many sharirams. Even if we happened to do so, then in every one of those bodies we would continue to serve you alone and none else.

Kannan says, “In that case are you not interested in any other material pleasures?”

matrai nam kaamangaL maatru – Pray bless us to have no other desire other than you.

Andal, in this pasuram is elucidating that, having surrendered unto the Lord, the soul should only ask for the fruit of performing unstinted service to the Lord always, similar to Lakshmana. This is the hidden purport of this pasuram.

PASURAM 30

vanga(k) kadal kadaindha maadhavanai kEsavanai thingaL thirumugaththu sEy izhaiyaar senRu iRainchi anga(p) paRai konda aaRRai aNi pudhuvai(p) painkamala(th) thaN theriyal battar piraan kOdhai- -sonna sanga(th) thamizh maalai muppadhum thappaamE ingu ipparisuraippaar eerirandu maal varai thOL sengaN thirumugaththu(ch) chelva(th) thirumaalaal engum thiruvaruL peRRu inbuRuvar empaavaai

This pasuram signifies that those who learn and recite Thiruppavai will be the recipients of the choicest benedictions of the Lord and His consort. They would attain the fruits of all their desires similar to Andal and the Gopis.

The Ramayanam says that both Sri Rama and Sita spent delightful days in the forests of Panchavati. Lakshmana, who was in their servitude, was also in a state of great bliss. Andal concludes Her Thiruppavai, saying that, by means of being in Kannan’s servitude, we too would attain a similar state of delight.

vanga(k) kadal kadaindha maadhavanai kEsavanai thingaL thirumugaththu sEy izhaiyaar senRu iRainchi – Kannan, who was so far extolled by Andal, is now addressed as Keshavan by Her. Keshavan is the father to Brahma, Rudra and other celestials. Andal eulogised Kannan, who is the supreme soul and the Lord of all celestials. Kannan was the most beautiful from head to toe. As the Azhwars say, “அவன் தாள் கண்டாrf தாளே கண்டார் ” ­ People looking at his lotus feet would stay captivated seeing His lotus feet forever. Andal addresses Kannan as Keshavan, having been captivated by the beauty of His tresses. Keshavan denotes one who has beautiful hair. The female genre has a liking for beautiful flowing hair and well­polished nails. Andal enjoys the flowing tresses during the act of churning. Madhava is the Lord of Lakshmi. How did He beget Lakshmi? It was during the churning of the great ocean. The milky ocean has many boats in it. Why? It is to ferry us from the ocean of samsara to the banks of Srivaikuntham. The Lord is Himself a ferryboat. He is the ferryboat for those who surrender at His feet. He takes them from the ocean of sin to the bliss of beatitude. During the churning of the ocean, the Lord as a tortoise (Kurma) bore the mighty mountain Mandara steadily on His back. He held on to the tail of Vasuki and made the churning possible. The poison that arose from this churning was received by Shiva. The horse, the elephant and the nectar were received by Indra. Sri Mahalakshmi was received by Paraman. Because of this, He came to be known as Madhava, the consort of Lakshmi. Shiva took the poison, celestials the nectar and you Lord took the hand of Sri. Oh Lord, pray accept me and take me into your fold as you did before.

thingaL thirumugaththu sEy izhaiyaar senRu iRainchi anga(p) paRai konda aaRRai - The Lord has the most beautiful face, similar to the full moon. With Andal and Kannan having adorned all their finest jewellery, the Gopis, sing and extol that they shall remain in the Lord’s servitude forever even if it meant many more births before beatitude. Andal remembers the attainment of the kingdom of kainkaryam thus. Due to the pretext of the nombu ritual followed by the Gopis and due to the anugrahams of Kannan, the elderly cowherd folks of AayarpAdi received rains throughout the month and also a great opportunity for relaxation. The Gopis on the other hand attained the divine communion with Lord Krishna. Godai in Her Thiruppavai has indeed told such wonderful a biography.

aNi pudhuvai(p) painkamala(th) thaN theriyal battar piraan kOdhai-sanga(th) thamizh maalai muppadhum – In this world, Srivillipuththur, stands out majestically as the cental gem in a priceless pendant of nine gems. Vishnuchitta also known as Bhattar piraan Periyazhwar was born in this place. He adorned on his self a garland of lotus flowers and a garland of tulasi beads that are recognised as the traits of a true Srivaishnava. Everyday, he would present garlands of lotus flowers to Sri Vatapatrashaayi, the temple deity. His daughter is Godai and Her song is Thiruppavai. This is a garland of the chastest tamizh. It is a work that will give us an association with Emperuman. It is a work that enshrines thirty verses in it and should be enjoyed and experienced by us.

muppadhum thappaamE ingu ipparisuraippaar – The loss of a single gem in a gem studded necklace makes the necklace of no value. The loss of a single stone in a diamond earring brings its value down. Similarly all the thirty verses need to be recited without fail.

eerirandu maal varai thOLsengaN thirumugaththu(ch) chelva(th) thirumaalaal – Kannan shone with four hands after the slaying of Kamsa. He had the most beautiful and benevolent eyes that resembled a lotus stalk. He is the Lord of ubhayavibhuti and is always in the company of Sri, His consort, with not even a single moment of separation. With the benevolence of such a Lord, Kannan, “engum thiruvaruL petru inbuRuvar” – the Jeevans would take delight in this world and the celestial worlds, having been bestowed with the choicest anugrahams of Piraatti and Her consort Paraman.

vazi tiR namm

Thus concludes the commentary on Thiruppavai rendered by His Holiness Paravakottai Poundarikapuram Srimath Andavan Sri Gopaladeshika Mahadeshikan

***

CONCLUSION

The translation of this wonderful work has been possible only due to the divine grace of Poorvaachaaryas and asmad Swamy, Poundarikapuram Paravakkottai Srimath Andavan Sri Gopala Deshika Maha Deshikar. This work is presented as a mark of respect to asmadacharyan Paramahamsetyadi Paravakkottai Poundarikapuram Srimath Andavan Sri Gopala Deshika Maha Deshikan, who beams as the manifestation of Bhagavad Ramanuja and Swamy Deshika.

We, his shishyas can with great pride say that it is indeed our greatest fortune that we all have been blessed to take birth on this Earth during the time of Srimath Gopala Deshika Maha Deshikan, our Achaarya saarvabhouma. To be recipients of his kataaksham and anugraham and to have the darshana bhagyam of this great Achaarya saarvabhouma is indeed the fruit of all our penances.

As Swamy Deshikan says in his Subhashita Nivi, “An artist can paint the picture of the Sun, but can he give it the same radiance?” Similarly our Swamy has infinite auspicious attributes like Paraman himself. It would be impossible for any work on this earth to fully exemplify his kalyaana gunams.

Let us plead at the feet of divya­dampathis for the glories of our Achaarya Gopala Deshika who is our monarch, to reach everlastingness. Let us beseech the holy feet of our paramount saviour Srimath Gopala Deshika Maha Deshikan who is also glorified as Vasishta and Vamadeva. It is our sincere prayer that he lives to a Vedic span of one hundred years with good health and may his benign anugrahams be like the cool waters to yearning seekers of salvation on the sands of time. It is our heartfelt prayer that he continues to bless us worldly souls with his benevolent grace for many years to come. We submit ourselves at his feet to resign and transcend from this world and to attain the divine bliss and communion with the Lord. We prostrate at his thiruvadi that are so sanctified and pray to him to grant the dust from his holy feet as our lasting refuge.

Let us sing his glories and sanctify our lives. His taniyan is as follows –

We seek refuge at the sacred feet of our revered Acharyan, Sri Gopala Deshika Maha Deshikan, who received the sacred rites of Samashrayanam, Bhara Samarpanam from the great Acharya, Sri Srinivasa Maha Deshikan (Srimath Poundarikapuram Andavan), Thuriyaashramam from Sri Srinivasa Maha Deshikan (Srimath Vennatrankarai Andavan) and the wealth of Ubhaya Vedaantham from Srimath Abhinava Ranganatha Brahmatantra­Swatantra Parakaala Yatindra Maha Deshikan. He shines with illustrious sadaachaaram and is resplendent with his limitless Acharya Bhakthi. Glory to the great preceptor Srimath Gopaala Deshika Maha Deshikan.

Mangalam to Swamy the sadaachaarya! Mangalam to Swamy adored by the virtuous!

Mangalam to Swamy the glorious Achaarya of Ramanuja darshanam! Mangalam to Swamy the manifestation of Gitaacharya!

Mangalam to Swamy the incarnation of Yatiraja!

Mangalam to Swamy who is bhushanam to Jnana, Anushtana and Vairagyam!

Mangalam to Swamy who dispels nescience from the minds of the Lord’s subjects!

Mangalam to Swamy the beacon light on the path to deliverance! Mangalam to Swamy the unconquerable!

May our minds as a garland of flowers enchant our master Gopala Deshika! May his vigraham adore the temple of our minds!

May his lotus feet adorn the waters of our hearts! May his thoughts begin our day!

May his grace ennoble our deeds!

May his words keep us on the right path!

May his wisdom make us knowers of Brahman!

May his footsteps be our guiding lamps! May his glories enlighten this world!

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