The Secondary Parts of the Sentence

What will you dowith yourself? (Galsworthy)

"Who gave youthat?" he asked. (Bennett)

... she's alone in the world, and she must havesomeone to take

care of her. (Maugham)

Here we must mention the peculiar use of the pronoun it in the function of an object, similar to its use in the function of the subject. Sometimes the pronoun it is used as a real (notional) object.

She pulled out a cigarette and letit dangle between her lip^s unlighted. (Wilson) — Она достала сигарету и держала ее во рту, не зажигая.

But sometimes it only introduces a real object expressed by ^an infinitive or gerundial phrase or by a subordinate clause. In this case it is a formal introductory object which is not translated into Russian.

The formal it is characteristic of literary style and is mostly used after certain verbs followed by adjectives (sometimes nouns). Here belong such verbs as to think, to find, to consider; to make, etc.

He found it impossibleto utter the next word. (Kahler) — Он почувствовал, что не может произнести больше ни одного слова.

Не made it a pointto save so much every week. (London) — Он поставил себе целью каждую неделю откладывать опреде­ленную сумму.

She made it clear from the beginningthat she had come with Bing. (Sanborn) — Она с самого начала ясно дала понять, что пришла с Бингом.

3.A substantivized adjective or participle.

June Forsyte always championedthe unfortunate.

In old times nomadic tribes when moving to another place left the dying behind.

4.An infinitive, an infinitive phrase, or an infinitive construc­tion.

The sergeant ordered his mento stop.

When he sawsomeone come toward them, he avoided him neatly. (Sanborn)

The old woman held the child tight and waitedfor the storm to pass. (Dickens)

5.A gerund, a gerundial phrase, or a gerundial construction.

Could they preventflying in war-time? (Galsworthy)

 I rememberseeing you at the opening of the Transport workers summer club. (Shaw)

I don't likehim going away with Lord lllingworth. (Wilde)

6.Any part of speech used as a quotation.

Through the door in the hall leading to the basement he called "Hsst!" several times... (Galsworthy)

7.A prepositional phrase with a noun or a gerund.

Several times he had soughtfor a suitable opportunity to dis­close his exciting secret. (Bennett)

They all approvedof his not being beaten by that cousin of his. (Galsworthy)

Do you objectto my going away for a month?

Improving a husband! No. I shall insistupon my husband im­proving me, or else we part. (Ch. Bronte)

8. A group of words which is one part of the sentence, i. e. a syntactically indivisible group.

But it was only Mrs. Bunting who asked fora pinch of salt.(Lindsay)

He founda number of persons in the Morse home. (London)