Vyaasar answers Sages' Questions

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Now, Chapter One.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 1:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Maitreya - In the first Amsha, Paraasharar told about creation. After srushti, sthiti was told in second, third and fourth Amshaas. After creation, Vamsha, Vamshaanucharita, Manvantara, are about the sustenance part. This was told in detail.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 2:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Now, I would like to listen about pralaya from you. About the mahaa pralaya, and kalpaanta upasamhruti, kalpaanta pralaya. About the pralaya which happens at the end of the kalpa, and also the mahaa pralaya, I would like to listen from you.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 3:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Sri Paraasharar - O Maitreya, do listen. I am going to tell you how pralaya happens at the end of the kalpa, and also the praakruta pralaya, how it happens.

There are two halves - first Paraardha and second Paraardha. In this, whatever is the pralaya which is going to be told, that will be at the end of the dviteeya Paraardha of Chaturmukha Brahma. I will tell you that.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 4:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

One month of humans is the day and night of pitrus. One year of manushyaas is the day and night of devaas. At the end of two thousand chaturyugaas, is Brahma's day and night. One thousand chaturyugaas is day for Brahma, and one more thousand chaturyugaas is night of Brahma.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 5:

The four yugaas - Kruta yuga, Tretaa yuga, Dvaapara yuga, and Kali yuga. The four yugaas put together is equal to 12000 deva varshaas. Kruta yuga is 4000 deva varshaas, Tretaa yuga is 3000 deva varshaas, Dvaapara yuga is 2000 deva varshaas, and Kali yuga is 1000 deva varshaas. And 2000 deva varshaas is the sandhi kaala, as was told in the earlier Amshaas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 6:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

By nature, means by their measure, and dharma and adharma, how much is there, and how they are there, the chaturyugaas are all very similar. Harivamsha is quoted here. Dharma is standing on four legs in Kruta yuga, and adharma is there in one paada towards the end of Kruta yuga. In Tretaa yuga, dharma is standing on three legs, and adharma in two legs. In the Dvaapara yuga, dharma is standing on two legs, and adharma on three legs. In Kali yuga, adharma is on four legs. The meaning of this is that in the beginning, at the end of Kruta yuga itself, adharma is on one paada. Then adharma gradually increases, becomes two, three, and becomes four at the start of Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 7:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

In the beginning, how Chaturmukha Brahma creates, in the same way, at the end of Kali yuga, he does upasamhaara, dissolution happens by Chaturmukha Brahma.

Chaturmukha Brahma creates means that Bhagavaan is antaryaami to Chaturmukha Brahma. So, Bhagavaan Himself, through Chaturmukha Brahma does the creation. This is the uniqueness of beginning and end because there is creation and dissolution.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 8:

Maitreyar - Please do tell me about the nature of Kali yuga, in detail. How the dharma which was on four legs in the Kruta yuga, is totally not there in Kali yuga, I would like to know.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 9:

Sri Paraasharar - This Kali svaroopa which you want to know, O Maitreyar, I am going to tell you briefly. Do listen to me.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 10:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Varnaashrama dharmaas which are told in Smrutis in detail - are not present in Kali yuga, people do not follow them. The Rig, Yajus, Saama Vedaas are there - these are Shrouta; whatever are told there - Agnihotra and other dharmaas, which are told there, and by performance of that only is dharma established. This does not happen in Kali yuga. People do not follow Agnihotra and other dharma kaaryaas which are told in the Vedaas, in the Kali yuga. So, they are not there.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 11:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Vivaaha does not happen as told in the Shaastraas. Even the order of student and teacher does not exist. The husband-wife system is also not there. Offering havis through Agni to the devataas through yajnya yaagaas is also not there.

Dharmya means dharmaat anapetam, which is in line with dharma.

The dharma of husband and wife, offering havis to devataas, is not there – the anusthaana of these does not happen.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 12:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Whichever kula one is born, if powerful, he only rules over, he becomes sarveshvara. In all the varnaas, one who is rich becomes powerful, and not by his character, education, wisdom. Only one who is rich is sought after for marriage.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 13:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

The Brahmins who take deeksha, through samskaaraas - the mukha kalpa is not followed, only the anukalpa is followed. Anukalpaas are told for those who are incapable of following the mukhya kalpa. In Kali yuga, only anukalpaas are followed, and mukhya kalpaas are not followed. And they do praayaschitta by any means, and not as told in the shaastraas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 14:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Everything is shaastra in Kali yuga. Whoever says anything becomes shaastra. Avaidika like Kaali also become devataas. Every god is treated as devataa, whoever is worshipped. If Brahmacharya is not there also, he can get married. If vairaagya is not there also, he can become sannyaasi. Like this, anyone can take any aashrama.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 15:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Upavaasa, teertha yaatraa, giving money in daana, tapas, and others - whoever does it in any way, that is how it is followed. And not as per shaastraas. So, kaaya klesha by teertha yaatraa is as they desire. It is not as told in the shaastraas, that is not dharma. Whoever does whatever becomes dharma in all these aspects.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 16:

Even with little bit wealth, they become arrogant that they are very wealthy. Women also become arrogant because they look good, merely through the beauty of their hair.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 17:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Suvarna, mani, ratna, good clothes, become very less in use. They decorate themselves with whatever good is available, and not necessarily with these.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 18:

Women will desert husbands who do not have money. Whoever has money is only accepted as husband.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 19:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Whoever gives more becomes the lord. One who gives a lot of money, only becomes the master or the lord. Not necessarily one born in a good varna, a good kula, etc. Giving a lot of clothes, doing a lot of donation, one becomes the master. He only is treated as belonging to a very high class, and not one who is born in a good kula. Though he is of a lower varna, if he has a lot of money, he is treated as belonging to a higher class.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 20:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Whatever material is collected is all kept in the house, for purpose of maintaining the house only. One's intelligence is used only for earning money, and not for aatmajnyaana. All the money earned is only for constructing houses. All the yaagaas, homaas, which are performed, the money earned is not used for that purpose. Also, the money earned, used for constructing houses, maintaining, is all for one's own enjoyment, and not for treating guests, not for atithi satkaara.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 21:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Women get interested only in men who talks nicely. They will become highly independent. Men will be desirous of only money which is not earned in the right way.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 22:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Though even a close friend requests a lot, they do not give even a little bit. They expect a lot of personal gains only. They do not give even a half handful, and will be interested in keeping it. They do not even part with half handful of anything, and even for that, they expect a lot of personal gains, from their own friends also.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 23:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Even the Shoodraas who belong to a lower class, they treat the higher classes like Brahmins as though they are equal in intelligence, tejas and others. Cows which are respected based on only how much milk they give.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 24:

Because of scanty rains, the people will be suffering from hunger, fear, and they will be only looking at the sky, about when it will rain.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 25:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

They eat only whatever is available, like roots, fruits and others, and they torture their own selves, suffering from low rains.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 26:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

They will not have any ruler, and all the time there will be famine. They will never see happiness.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 27:

They eat without taking bath, they don't worship Agni, devataa, not doing yajnya, yaaga. They don't treat atithi, guests. They will also not do the rites told for the departed forefathers.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 28:

They will be interested in only enjoyment, and will have a short body. They will be interested in eating a lot of food. They will have many children but will have very little fortune. This is what happens to the women in Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 29:

Women will be scratching their head with both their hands. Doing this, they threaten their own husbands and gurus. They disrespect them.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 30:

They will be interested in taking care of their own selves, and nurturing themselves. They will not have any dehasamskaara. They do not speak good language. They will have harsh tongue. They tell lies. All this will happen to women in Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 31:

Even those born in high clan, in good kulaas, they will also become of bad character. They only develop friendship with those who are having bad character. They will be desirous in only those men, and they don't go in the right way. They do not behave properly with respect to men. This happens to even those born in good kulaas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 32:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Without doing the vrata, they learn Vedaas and others - the Brahmachaaris don't do as per the niyama what is told in the shaastraas. Gruhastaas don't do homa, and they don't even give daana which is told for the gruhastaas. They do not do the right daana.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 33:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Even those who are Vaanaprasthaas, who have retired to the forest, for dhyaana, they are interested in eating food served in the cities. Sannyaasis also have attachment towards friends, and relatives, which they are not supposed to have.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 34:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Kings or rulers, do not protect their prajaas, and the people of their land. They steal all their money of the people through some tax or the other.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 35:

The one who will be king, ruler will be whoever owns more horses and chariots and elephants. Whoever is weak is the servant.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 36:

Vaishyaas, for whom the occupation is told as krushi, vaanijya, (farming, business) they will give up all those things. They will follow the shoodra vrutti, they will live by sculpting, and others.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 37:

Shoodraas will become sannyaaasis, and will follow the sannyaasi vrata. They take sannyaasa, and they will not have the proper signs of a sannyaasi. They will be very evil minded. They follow ways which are against what is told in the Vedaas. They will be treated well. They go and accept the aachaaraas which are totally against what is told in the Vedaas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 38:

By famine, with a lot of taxes, the people get tortured and they suffer a lot. Wheat, rice, and grains - wherever it grows or is available in plenty, they go and live in those places only. They will be very sad and suffering, and not be happy.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 39:

When the Veda maarga is destroyed, when nobody follows what is told in the Vedaas, people follow more and more the aachaaraas which are against what is told in the Vedaas, and because of this, the adharma increases a lot. The lifespan of the people will be very less.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 40:

People will perform tapas, which is very severe, but which is not told in the shaastraas, which is against the shaastraas. Because of the defects of the rulers, the kings, even at a very young age, the children will die, these things will happen.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 41:

Men and women get children at a very young age. For women, it will be 5-year- old, or 6 years, or 7 years, will give birth. Similarly, boys who are only 9, or 8, or 10 years, will become fathers.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 42:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

When they are 12 years old, their hair becomes white. They don't live for long, beyond 20 years. They live only for 20 years. At the end of Kali yuga.

Before that, it was told as 223 years in Amsha 4. Towards the end of Kali yuga, only 20 years will be the life span of people.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 43:

The people will have very less intelligence, wisdom, knowledge. They will have very less signs, which they wear, like yajnopaveeta, etc., as told as per their varna aashrama dharmaas. Their minds would be very bad and defective, impure. They just get destroyed very soon.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 44:

O Maitreya, whenever the dharma is reducing, or getting destroyed, at that time, you have to infer that the Kali yuga is growing and progressing towards the end.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 45:

The wise people have to infer that those who have aachaaraas which are against what is told in the Vedaas, paashanda vrutti, when this becomes more and more, we have to assume that Kali is progressing.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 46:

Whenever the virtuous people who are following the Vedaas, when they suffer, at that time, you have to assume that Kali yuga is progressing.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 47:

Those who want to follow the path of dharma, the Veda dharmaas, when they start itself, they will have difficulties, and obstructions, and will not be able to progress. When these things are seen, you have to infer that Kali is becoming more and more powerful and it is progressing.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 48:

When people are not worshipping with yajnyaas, Purushottama who is the Yogeshvara, who is the Supreme Lord, and is the one worshipped by all the yajnyaas, then, at that time, you have to infer that Kali is becoming more and more powerful.

Aham hi sarvasya yajnyaanaam bhoktaa cha prabhureva cha, is told in the Bhagavad Gita.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 49:

People are not interested anymore in what is told in the Vedaas, but they are all interested in following aachaaraas which are against what is told in the Vedaas, at that time, you have to infer that Kali yuga is progressing. Those who are wise will infer like this.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 50:

In the Kali yuga, those who are totally taken to aachaaraas which are against the Vedaas, against the shaastraas, which are ashaastra, as not told in the shaastraas, and do not worship the Supreme Lord who is sole creator of all the worlds, Bhagavaan Vishnu, O Maitreya, you have to assume that Kali yuga is progressing. People do not do this in Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 51:

Those who are going against the Vedaas, who don't believe in the Vedaas, who do everything against what is told in the Vedaas, they will argue - "What has to happen from the Gods", "Who is God, where is He? Where are the devaas - Indra, Varuna, etc.? What can they do, what have they to do? Why should we respect Brahmins? Why should we follow the Vedaas? What is the purpose of maintaining cleanliness using water?" They argue like this, and are interested in only those things. They never respect the Devaas or Vedaas, or shaastraas. They are never interested in shuchi with water.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 52:

O Maitreyar, when Kali yuga comes, the rain stays for a very short time. There will be very little rain. The clouds will bring only very little water. The plants also - the yield is very low, they give only very less fruits. Even the fruits which are grown will not have any taste, they have very little taste. All these happen during Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 53:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

All the clothes are like torn clothes. The trees are all looking like shamee vruksha only. All men will look like shoodraas only. This is what happens during Kali yuga.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 54:

The grains will become very small, very minute. The milk will be like goat's milk only. This is what happens in Kali yuga. All the gandha will be like what is grown in the desert, it will be without any saara.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 55:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

In Kali yuga, the father-in-law and mother-in-law will only be gurus. They don't go after any other gurus. Their friends will be only their brother-in-law, and those who are very pleasing, only those wives will be friends. The wives who are loving, only they will be friends. They will have no other friends than that. One who is pleasing only, will become a friend for everyone.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 56:

People will follow only their in-laws, and will disrespect their parents. "Who is father, who is mother?" People will talk only fatalistic view, that everything happens only by karma.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 57:

With all the defects in speech, body and mind, they will be full of defects in all these three, they will be doing only bad things. Everyday, they will be only sinning. They will have no wisdom.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 58:

People will not follow the path of truth. They will not have shoucha as told in the shaastraas. They will not have cleanliness. They will not have any shame also. Whatever leads to suffering and grief, only that happens in Kali yuga. Everyone will be sad, and no one will be happy.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 59:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

There will be no svaadhyaaya, no Veda adhyayana. The havis given to pitrus, devataas, etc., will not be there. They will not do yajnya yaagaas, and hardly any dharma will be present. It may stay in rare places. Very little dharma will stay in rare places.

Sri Vishnu Puraana, Amsha 6, Chapter 1, Shloka 60:

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

What is done with great effort through severe penance, tapas, in Kruta yuga, that can be achieved with very little effort in Kali yuga. In Kali yuga, with very little effort, one can achieve punya, what is achieved by severe penance in Kruta yuga.

By mere naama sankeertana, of Hari, one can achieve. In Kruta yuga, what they do with tapas, severe penance, in Kali yuga, by mere Hari sankeertana, that can be achieved. This is the greatness of Kali yuga, in one way.

This completes Chapter One.

We just concluded Chapter 1 of Amsha 6, where Paraasharar described what all happens in Kali yuga, to Maitreyar.

***

॥ अथ द्ववतीयो अध्यायः॥

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