Prana is Brahman: that being understood from a connected consideration of the passages referring to it. — 28.

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SUTRA I. 1. 28.

प्राणस्तथानुगमात्॥१.१.२८॥

prāṇastathānugamāt ..1.1.28..

Pranah, the Breath (as used in the Kaushitaki) is Brahman, tot Tatha, appropriate to Him, thus, so. … Anugamat, because of being understood.

Note. — Pratyudaharana Sangati.

COMMENTARY

When Indra refers to himself by saying ‘I am Prana, meditate on means conscious-self, as immortality’, he refers to Brahman by Prana and not to any Jiva or his individual self. Why?

Because the whole context of the above passage shows that the Prana there means Brahman It is said to be ‘Prajnatma’, ‘conscious-self’. It is said to be the bliss, the immortal, the undecaying. All these are attributes of Brahman: and cannot apply to any Jiva.

Doubt: But Indra is the speaker here and he refers to himself as Prana. He very positively says ‘know me only, I am Prana’. How can then Prana refer to Brahman? He farther says, ‘I slew the three-headed son of Tvashtir. I delivered the Arunmukhas, the devotees, to the wolves (Salavrika); breaking many treaties I killed the people of Prahlada, etc’. All these show the Jiva-hood of Indra, and that he teaches his worship in this passage. Therefore, in the concluding passage also, though bliss, etc., are used there, ‘Prana should be so interpreted as to refer to the Jiva-Indra, and not to Brahman, for references to Jiva are many in this Upanishad. In fact, when Indra says, «I am Prana», he teaches the worship of the Devata Indra alone in reality; just as when the Upanishad says, «Worship the speech as cow» (Bf. Up., V, 8. 1), which teaches actually the meditation on speech. Similarly Indra teaches his own worship, as Prana: for it is the presiding deity of all power. As the Upanishad says, «The Prana verily is power» (Br. Up., V, 14. 4). As Indra is very powerful, be identifies himself with Prana, the deity of power. Therefore, it teaches really the worship of a Jiva.

This objection is raised and answered in the following Sutra:

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