Согласование времен. Косвенная речь

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T U

S 

Действие, длящееся в

течение определенного

периода времени

Present

to have been + -ing

I, we         have

you, they        been asking

he, she, it     has

for two hours

all day long since morning

How long…?

Since when…?

Past

I, we

you, they  had been asking

he, she, it

for two hours

all day long

since morning

Future

I, we

you, they      will have been

he, she, it          asking

for 2 hours      

all day long

I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:

1. I am studying law at the Academy of Public Administration, and so … my colleague.

a. is                                                   c. was

b. does                                              d. were

2. Inflation … at the rate of 7% at the moment.

a. has run                                         c. has been running

b. is running                                     d. runs

3. The legislation … into force on 1 January 2005.

a. comes                                           c. had come

b. came                                             d. has come

4. Belarus and Italy … close cooperation in the sphere of trade and economy.

a. have enhanced                              c. had enhanced

b. were enhancing                             d. enhances

5. We had many difficulties but we successfully … them.

a. have overcome                              c. overcame

b. had overcome                               d. will overcome

6. I … a meeting with the Personnel Officer on Monday at 10 a.m. sharp.

a. will have                                       c. have

b. am having                                     d. will have had

7. The parties … the contract specifications for a long time now.

a. are discussing                               c. discuss

b. have discussed                              d. have been discussing

8. Could you lend me $50? I … you back tomorrow.

a. pay                                               c. will pay

b. am paying                                     d. am going to pay

9. At present Taylor … of leaving his job and going into business for himself.

a. is thinking                                     c. was thinking

b. thinks                                           d. has been thinking

10. The economic situation was already very bad and it … even worse.

a. is getting                                       c. got

b. gets                                               d. was getting

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в подходящей видовременной форме:

1. We expect that this decision (cause) a lot of controversy.

2. I assure you that this was the first time we (receive) a complaint.

3. You can hardly expect a pay rise until you (start) working harder.

4. He (lose) his job last month and since then he (be) unemployed.

5. High-school teachers often (use) web-based assignments to engage students in e-learning.

6. I (deal) with enquiries while my workmate was away on holiday.

7. We (not make) a final decision until we (consult) the associate director.

8. These shares lately (give) me a good return on my investment.

9. I (write) to you concerning the email I (receive) on October 11.

10. Our market share (fall) by over 20 % and it still (look) rather risky.

При переводе предложений из прямой речи в косвенную применяется правило согласования времен, которое заключается в следующем:

1. Если глагол-сказуемое главного предложения имеет форму настоящего или будущего времени, то глагол-сказуемое придаточного предложения может употребляться в любой видовременной форме, требуемой по смыслу:

I think you are right. – Я думаю, что вы правы.

They have said that they will fulfill the order next week. – Они сказали, что мы выполнят заказ на следующей неделе.

I will explain to you why he was absent yesterday. – Я объясню вам, почему он вчера отсутствовал.

2. Если сказуемое главного предложения выражено глаголом в форме прошедшего времени (обычно Past Simple), то глагол-сказуемое придаточного предложения не может иметь форму настоящего или будущего времени и должен употребляться в одной из форм прошедшего времени:

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