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Модальные глаголы

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with modal verbs:

0. Nicole can drive, but she hasn’t got a car.

1. I … go to the post office. I … some stamps.

2. My eyes are not very good. I … to wear glasses.

3. Catherine got the job because she … speak five languages.

4. What … we see on this map?

5. You … listen to music but not very loudly.

6. …. Icome in? Yes, you ….

7. At English the students … speak English only.

8…. you speak Spanish? - No, unfortunately I ….

9. He … not speak English yet.

10. You … not smoke here.

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences use the modal verbs can, may or must:

0. May I come in?

1. Garry travelled a lot. He ______ speak five languages.

2. You ______ not smoke here.

3. ______ take your book? – I am afraid not, I need it.

4. He ______ not speak English yet.

5. I have very little time, I ______ go.

6. They ______ not go to the park today because they are busy.

7. You ______ read this text, it is easy enough.

8. What ______ we see on this map?

9. ______ you speak Spanish? – No, unfortunately, I ______.

10. At what time ______ you come to school?

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with must, mustn’t or needn’t:

0. We haven’t got much time. We must hurry.

1. We’ve got plenty of time. We __________ hurry.

2. We have enough food at home, so we __________ go shopping.

3. Gary gave me a letter to post. I __________ remember to post it.

4. Gary gave me a letter to post. I __________ forget to post it.

5. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You __________ decide now.

6. You __________ wash those tomatoes. I washed them.

7. This is a valuable book. You __________ look after it carefully and you __________ lose it.

8. A: What sort of house do you want to buy? Something big?

B: Well, it __________ be big – that’s not so important. But it __________ have a nice garden

– that’s essential.

9. Don’t tell anybody what I said. You __________ keep it a secret.

10. You can come with me if you like, but you __________ come if you don’t want to.

Exercise 4.

Complete the sentences use the modal verbs can, may or must:

0. She must still live in Paris.

1. He is busy. He … be writing a book about his travels.

2. But he is happy. He … enjoy it.

3. I … come and see you tomorrow if I have time.

4. What time is it? – It … be about six o`clock, but I am not sure.

5. Only a person who knows the language very well … answer such a question.

Exercise 5.

Complete the sentences using needn’t + the following verbs:

ask come explain leave tell walk

0. We’ve got plenty of time. We needn’t leave yet.

1. I can manage the shopping alone. You __________ with me.

2. We __________ all the way home. We can get a taxi.

3. Just help yourself if you’d like more to eat. You __________ first.

4. We can keep this a secret between ourselves. We __________ anybody else.

5. I understand the situation perfectly. You __________ further.

Страдательный залог.

(Passive voice).

Когда в центре внимания говорящего находится лицо или предмет, который подвергается действию, или когда нет необходимости упоминать лицо, совершающее действие, глагол употребляется в страдательном залоге:

Many students discussed this question. (Active Voice.) – This question was discussed by many students. (Passive Voice.)

Страдательный залог образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be и третьей основной формы смыслового глагола (Participle II). to be + Participle II

This country is washed by many seas.

В отрицательной форме частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола: to be + not + Participle II

This country is not washed by many seas.

В вопросительной форме страдательного залога вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим:

to be + subject + Participle II

Is this country washed by many seas?

When was this monument built?

Временные формы страдательного залога употребляются согласно тем же правилам, что и соответствующие им временные формы действительного залога.

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