a)Write out the sentences in which they are used in the text.

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Ant. deep

2. поверхностный, пустой; несерьезный, as a shallow mind, argument; shallow interests; a shallow man, person

A nt. serious(about a person, book, argum ent), deep(love, feelings)

N o t e : the Russian word мелкий has different meanings which are rendered in English by means of different words: 1) fine — с о с т о я щ и й и * мелких частей, as fine sand, buckwheat', 2) small — некрупный (о достоин стве монет), as s/nadt change (uncountable); 3) flat — неглубокий, п о ч т плоский, as a flat pan {plate}.

4. extremeadj 1. крайний (at or near the end or edge), a- the extreme end (edge, border, etc.), in the extreme North

2. чрезвычайный; чрезмерный, as extrem e p a tie n o (love, kindness, interest)

extrem ely adv чрезвычайно, as to be extrem ely interest­ ed in smth., to be extremely sorry for smb., smth., etc.

5. supply v t снабжать, e. g. In our hall the students are supplied with all the necessary furniture and bedding. W ho will supply the expedition with all the necessary equipment?

supply л (often pi) запас(ы), e. g. This shop has a large supply of winter coats.

to give a good supply of, e. g. These forests give a good supply of timber.

6. shape л форма, очертание, e. д. I don't like the shape of his nose. This sculpture hasn't got much shape, I should say.

Syn. form, outline

in the shape of, e. д. I want to get a brooch in the shape of a horseshoe.

shapeless adj бесформенный, e. g. He had a ragged coat and a shapeless hat on.

shapely adj красивой формы; стройный, хорошо сло­ женный, as a shapely figure

7. channel n канал, a stretch of water wider than a strait, joining two seas or separating two bodies of land, as the English Channel, the Bristol Channel

Syn. 1. ca'nal канал — a channel for water made by man, not by nature, used for ships or for carrying water to places that need it, as the Suez Canal, the Panama Canal, the Vol- ga-Don Canal, the Fergana Canal; 2, strait пролив — a nar­ row channel of water connecting two large bodies of water, as the M agellan Strait, the Strait of Dover

8. value л ценность, значение, e. g. The literary value of that book is not great. I don't believe you realize the value of his advice.

to be of g reat (little, som e, no) value to sm b., e. g. In some years his pictures will be of great value. This book will be of no value in your studies.

value v t 1. ценить, дорожить, e. g . I greatly value his friendship.

Syn. appreciate (о)ценить высоко, по заслугам, е, д. W e ail appreciate a holiday after a year of hard work. I greatly appreciate your kindness.

2. оценивать, e. g. He valued the house for me at £ 800. valuable adj ценный, e. g. It's a valuable picture.

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY (I)

Words

advantage n

flow V

shapely adj

canal л

harbour n

soil л

channel л

lonely adj

strait л

cliff n

manufacture л

supply V

comparatively adv

plain n

valuable adj

crop л

plough v

value v , n

cultivate v

rocky adj

varied adj

deer л

scene n

variety л

distinct adj

scenery n

various adj

eagle л

shallow adj

vary v

extreme adj

shape n

wander v

extremely adv

shapeless adj

wheat л

Word Combinations

to the west (east, north; south) of

within a few miles (metres, etc.) of

to keep smth. from (cold, heat, bad influence, etc.) on the map

to give a good supply of owing to the shape (rain,

etc.)

in the north (south, east, west)

to separate smth. from smth.

regular in outline under wheat (rye, etc.)

to flow into (the sea, lake, river)

to flow (from, out of)

to be of great (little, some, no) value

E X E R C IS E S

I. Read the text and do the following (A. Grammar, B. Word

usage,

C, Word-formation):

A. 1. Pick out all proper nam es and arrange them

into

two groups — nouns with the definite article and without it; explain the use of the article. 2. Search the text for sentenc­ es with inversion. Transform them into regular sentences and com pare them with the original ones. Specify what kind of inversion it is. 3. W hat tense group is predom inant in the text and why?

B. 1. Pick out all the adjectives that go together with the following nouns: sea, lake, river; mountains, hills, cliffs; area, land, field, moors, upland, lowland. 2. M ark all the cases when nouns are defined by two adjectives; com ment on the word order; is it possible to change it? 3. Pick out all the nouns defined by the adjective small; is it possible to use lit’ tie in stead ? 4. Search the text for the co m binations of Adv + Adj ending in -ed, translate them into Russian and use them in sentences of your own.

C. 1. Pick out all the derivatives and classify them ac ­ cording to the suffix, 2. Search the text for com pounds and comment on their structure. 3. Pick out from the text all the words that have homonyms. Spell, transcribe and classify them.

II. Write English equivalents of the following:

более миллиона тонн, миллионы людей, двести озер, глубиной 600 футов, сотни миль, длина Темзы немногим больше 200 миль, сотни островков, общая площадь Великобритании около 94 250 кв. миль или 244 000 кв. километров, население — 56 миллионов чело­ век.

III. a) Make up a list of geographical names used in the text (mind the articles) and transcribe them.

b) Transcribe and translate the following words:

advantage, canal, channel, comparatively, desolate, deter­ mine, estuary, extrem ely, glorious, heather, indentation, manufacture, moor, navigable, occasionally, plough, scenery, strait, total, vague, value, vary, wander, wheat, wind.

c) Translate the following verbs into English. Give their four forms:

пахать, течь, извиваться, меняться, бродить, ценить, снабжать, ломать, выращивать.

d) Give the plural of the following nouns. Translate them into Russian:

deer, sheep, fish, mouth, foot.

IV. Supply adjectives:

1.

\

... water is warmer than ... water. 2. Cornwall is famous

for its ... cliffs. 3. Its ... soil is deeply cultivated. 4. This part of the country is noted for ... cold. 5. The U. K. ... area is some 94,250 square miles. 6. There are ... fields in the east of Eng­ land. 7. There are ... harbours for ships. 8. In the northern Highlands of Scotland you'll enjoy the sight o f ... mountains. 9. They w ere m aking their way through ... hills. 10. There were ... plains stretching for miles and miles. 11. Lowlands is the ... plain of Scotland.

,V. Answer the following questions (use the map on p. 240):

1.

W hat do we call the

group of islands situated to the

north-west of Europe? 2. W hat are the names of the biggest

islands? 3. Do the United Kingdom and Great Britain mean

the sam e? 4. W hat countries

are situ ated on th e B ritish

Isles? W hat are their capitals?

5. W hat is Great Britain prop­

er? 6. W hat are the names of the waters washing the coasts

of the

British Isles? 7. W hy do the English call the strait be­

tween

G reat Britain and the m ainland the "Strait of Dover"

and the French call it “Pas-de-Calais” (international term)?

8. W hat

are the m ost im portant rivers in G reat B ritain?

9. W hat are the names of the chief m ountain ranges on the

island?

10. W here are the C um brian and the C am brian

mountains situated?

VI. Translate the following sentences in writing. (Consult Essential Vocabulary (I).) Respond to the questions and statements, using the conversational formulas (see p. 184, Ex. XI B):

1, Вы можете показать на карте важнейшие порты Великобри­ тании? 2. Эта карта не представляет большой ценности. 3. Знаете ли вы, куда впадает река Северн? 4. Благодаря постоянным до­ ждям реки Англии служат хорошим источником пресной воды.

® В. Д. Аракин, I! курс

5. Какие горы отделяют Англию от Шотландии? 6. К северо-восто­ ку от Ш отландии находятся острова. Как они называются? 7. О ст­

ров М эн

им еет сравнительно правильны е

очертания,

судя по

карте. 8.

Что мож ет предохранить посевы

от сильного

холода?

9. Сравнительно большая часть пахотной земли на юго-востоке Англии занята под пшеницей. 10. В каком районе страны находят­ ся большие запасы угля? 11. В нескольких милях от Лондона нахо­ дится город Кройдон {Croydon}, в котором имеется большой аэро­ порт.

VII. Study the following derivatives and compounds:

sandy, noticeable, plough-land, sea-loving, heather-cov­ ered, muddy, navigable, sugar-beet, low-lying, waterways, fruit-growing.

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