What does this mean in practice?

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Devi Mahatmyam 2.49

Quotes like this are used by some Hindus to support the idea that women are as strong as, or perhaps even stronger than, men. Others refer to the popular Shivshakti image, which portrays male and female aspects of God as halves of one body.

Some Hindus would say that the focus on atman in Hindu teaching means that gender should not even feature in how we view people, because only bodies have a gender, an atman does not.

The social and cultural traditions in many Hindu communities, like most other societies around the world, tend to favour men over women. Some Hindus have worked very hard to bring about equality for women where it does not exist.

The ideals of the roles of men and women for many Hindus come from deities such as Rama and Sita.

Swami Vivekananda encouraged all women to 'be Sita' but also reminded everyone the people who worship Sita cannot do other than respect and adore all women.

Spiritual development

Many Hindu parents teach their children the path of dharma. Some follow the five principles for happy family life:

· good conduct – setting a good example

· home worship – including children in worship and celebrations

· introducing scripture and explaining it

· continuing to study and reflect upon Hindu scripture and teachings throughout life

· being part of a Hindu community

While getting married and having children is normal for most Hindus, some choose to be celibate. Being celibate is also the state recommended for Hindus in the first ashrama and some Hindus return to it in the third or fourth ashrama.

However, during the second ashrama, sexual activity in a loving and committed relationship is, in fact, encouraged. Having children is viewed as an important part of life and also Kama is one of the four aims in life described in scripture, though it is regarded as inferior to the other three. The Kama Sutra is a well-known guide to physical pleasure based upon the concept of love and mutual respect.

Cohabitation is not really something considered by most Hindus, because having sex and/or having children before marriage is largely socially unacceptable, as are same-sex relationships. This situation is changing amongst Hindus living in the West, especially in the younger generations.

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