The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

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921 группа. Английский язык. Ишмурзина ФФ

Planet of English: учебник английского языка для учреждений СПО/ [Г.Т. Безкоровайнова, Н. И. Соколова, Е.А. Койранская, Г.В. Лаврик]. – 3-е изд., стер. – М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2016. – 256 с.: ил.

Vocabulary.

ex.7, p.212

temple – храм
unique – замечательный, единственный в своем роде
fertility – плодородие
foundation – основание
to date back – восходить, относиться
marble – мрамор
skilled – искусный, умелый
to serve – служить
marketplace – рынок
recent – недавний, последний
excavations – раскопки
reveal – показать, обнаруживать
ivory – цвет слоновой кости
attempt – попытка
goddess – богиня
threatened – угрожаемый
to offer – предложить
to rebuild – восстановить, отстроить заново
to restore – восстановить
to re-erect – повторно монтировать

UNESCO – ЮНЕСКО (специализированное учреждение Организации Объединённых Наций по вопросам образования, науки и культуры).

a World Heritage Site – объект Всемирного насл

ex.8, p.212

Read the text.

Is it simply a temple? How could it take its place among other unique structures such as the Pyramid, the Hanging Gardens, and the Colossus of Rhodes? For the people who actually visited it the answer was simple. It was not just a temple... It was the most beautiful structure on earth... It was built in honour of the Greek goddess of hunting, wild nature, and fertility. That was the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.

It was situated in the ancient city of Ephesus (about 50 km south of Izmir in Turkey).

Although the foundation of the temple dates back to the seventh century BC, the structure was built around 550 BC. The great marble temple was decorated with bronze statues sculpted by the most skilled artists of their time.

The temple served as both a marketplace and a religious institution. Recent archeological excavations revealed gifts from pilgrims including statuettes of Artemis made of gold and ivory, earrings, bracelets and necklaces.

In 356 BC a man named Herostratus burned the temple to ground. Over the next two decades the temple was restored. It was again destroyed by the Goths in 262 AD and then rebuilt. By the 4th century AD most Ephesians had converted to Christianity and the temple lost its religious gamour. In 401 AD the Temple of Artemis was torn down by St John Chrysostom. Ephesus was later deserted, and only in the late 19^th century the site has been excavated. Attempts were recently made to rebuilt the temple, but only a few columns have been re-erected.

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