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1. What are machine-tools used for?

1. Machine tools are used to form metals and other materials.

2. How are most machine-tools driven nowadays?

2. Most machines are now electrically driven. Electric-powered machine tools are faster and more accurate than hand tools: they were an important element in the development of mass production processes, since they made it possible to produce individual parts in large volumes in order to be interchangeable.

3. What facilities have all machine-tools?

3. All machines have devices for holding both the workpiece and the tool, as well as for precise control of the movement of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece.

4. How are the cutting tool and the workpiece cooled during machining?

4. Large processing during the production process generates a large amount of heat and coolants (usually a mixture of water and oil) are used for cooling and lubrication.

5. What other machining methods have been developed lately?

5. Machine tools usually mechanically process materials, but other processing methods have been developed recently. These include chemical treatment, spark erosion on the machine, very difficult materials of any shape using a continuous high-voltage spark (discharge) between the electrode and the workpiece.

6. What systems are used now for the manufacture of a range of products without the use of manual labor?

6. Numerical control of machines and flexible production systems have allowed the use of entire systems of flexible machines for the manufacture of a number of products.

7. What parts can be made with lathes?

7. It produces parts of circular cross-section, turning the workpiece around its axis and cutting its surface with a sharp stationary tool.

8. How can the cutting tool be moved on a lathe?

8. The tool can be moved sideways to get the cylindrical part and moved to the workpiece to control the depth of cut.

9. How is the workpiece clamped in a lathe?

9. Currently, all lathes are driven by electric motors. This allows continuous rotation of the workpiece at various speeds.

10. Can we change the speeds of workpiece rotation in a lathe?

10. The movement of the tool, both along the lathe, the bed and at a right angle to it, can be precisely controlled, which allows you to handle tight tolerances of the part.

11. What is numerical control of machine tools used for?

11. The movement of the tool, both along the lathe, the bed and at a right angle to it, can be precisely controlled, which allows you to handle tight tolerances of the part. Modern lathes are often under numerical control.

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