Indirect offers, suggestions, and advice.

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§ 6. Indirect offers, suggestions, and advice.

When converting offers and suggestions into indirect speech, we use the verbs to offer and to suggest. There is a difference between these two verbs, though both are rendered in Russian by 'предложить': the person who makes an offer intends to do the action himself, and the action is an act of kindness. Asuggestion may also be an act of kindness, but not necessarily; the person who makes a suggestion may or may not intend to do the action himself.

Hesaid to her, "Shall I  fetch you a glass of water?" She said, "Do, please." ("No, don't trouble.")

Heoffered to fetch her a glass of water and she accepted the offer (de­clined the offer).

Hesaid to her, "Suppose we go there together?" She said, "Very well." ("No, I  would rather you went alone.")

Hesuggested that they should go there together and she consented (refused).

Note. If the verb to suggest is followed by a subordinate clause. The predicate of the subordinate clause is expressed by a verb in theanalyticalform of the Subjunctive Moodwith the auxiliary should.

Sentences expressing advice are converted into indirect speech by means of the verb to advise.

Hesaid to them, "You had better take a taxi, you may be late."

Headvised them to take a taxi, as otherwise they might be late.

§ 7. Indirect exclamations.

When exclamations are converted into indirect speech, it is not so much the verb as the adverbial modifier which shows the character of the exclamation — whether it expresses joy, sorrow, surprise, etc.

Shesaid, "How pleasant! Jane is go­ing to spend a week with us!"

Shecried joyfully (with joy, delight­edly) that Jane was going to spend a week with them.

Shesaid, "I am so sorry! Jane is leav­ing us!"

Shesaid sadly (with deep sadness, sorrowfully) that Jane was leaving them.

Shesaid, "I am sure we'll never meet again."

Shesaid regretfully she was sure they would never meet again.

Shesaid to them, "I'm sure you'll soon forget me."

Shesaid with bitterness that she knew (was sure) they would soon for­get her.

Shesaid to him, "You are telling a lie!"

Shecried indignantly (with indigna­tion) that he was telling a lie.

Shesaid to him, "Do you mean to say you've already read all the books?"

Sheasked in surprise if he had really read all the books.

Shesaid to him, "Excuse me for dis­turbing you."

Sheapologized (to him) for disturb­ing him.

Shesaid to him, "Beg your pardon, I've forgotten to bring you the book."

Shebegged his pardon for having forgotten to bring the book.

Shesaid to him, "Do forgive me for what I've done."

Shebegged his forgiveness (im­plored him to forgive her) for what she had done.

Shesaid to them, "Thank you for your help."

Shethanked them (expressed her gratitude to them) for their help.

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